ESE - Artigos em Revistas Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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- 2D:4D digit ratio is associated with cognitive decline but not frailty in community-dwelling older adultsPublication . Gonçalves, Celina; Coelho, Tiago; Machado, Sérgio; Rocha, Nuno BarbosaTo understand the relation between 2D:4D ratio, frailty, and cognitive decline in community-dwelling elderly people. A total of 175 community-dwelling elderly people were included. To determine frailty, participants completed the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) and the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE-FI). Cognitive functioning was determined using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). 2D and 4D finger lengths of each hand were measured using a scanner. Barthel Index, Lawton, and Brody scale were also completed for each participant to determine the level of daily living functioning. Results: We did not find any correlations between 2D:4D ratio and frailty measures. We found a significant correlation between 2D:4D ratio and MMSE scores in the women sampled. We cannot ascertain any contribution
- Actigraph calibration in obese/overweight and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus middle-aged to old adult patientsPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Magalhães, Pedro; Bragada, José A.; Vasques, CatarinaBackground: Several methods exist to asses and control physical intensity levels of subjects engaged in physical activities programs, accelerometry is a method that could be easily used in the field. The purposes were: to calibrate Actigraph in middle-aged to old obese/overweight and DM2 adult patients; and to determine the threshold counts for sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity (PA). Methods: Sample comprise 26 participants (62.6 ± 6.5 years of age) of both gender. Counts and VO2 were simultaneously assessed during: resting, seating, standing, walking at 2.5 km·h–1, 5 km·h–1, and 6 km·h–1. A hierarchical linear model was used to derive a regression equation between MET and counts. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to define thresholds for PA levels. Results: The regression equation was: MET = 1.388400490262 + 0.001312683420044 (counts·min–1), r = .867. The threshold counts for sedentary-light, light-moderate and moderate-vigorous PA were: 200, 1240, 2400 counts·min–1 respectively. Conclusion: The Actigraph is a valid and useful device for the assessment of the amount of time spent in each PA intensity levels in obese/overweight and DM2 middle-aged to old adult patients.
- Activity proposals to improve children’s climate literacy and environmental literacyPublication . Ramos, Ricardo; Rodrigues, Maria José; Rodrigues, IsildaWith the climate crisis, schools have a fundamental role to enrich children’s climate literacy, which should begin in their early years and continue for life. Developing activities in the classroom can be an excellent way of bringing this about. This work is part of a larger research project, during which a previous study was carried out with 245 children aged 9 to 13, in which we identified some limitations in their knowledge about climate change. Based on these results, we decided to present some proposals for activities that could help improve these children’s climate literacy. The study we conducted was of an exploratory character, and the main objective was to understand the impact of applying a set of activities to 54 children. The objectives of this work were to increase the climate literacy of the children involved—more specifically, to evaluate the impact of implementing three activities related to climate change and identify the knowledge about the cases and consequences of climate change that were acquired by the children involved. To collect the data, we used a focus group technique and content analysis to process it. The results revealed that the children acquired a better understanding of the problem of climate change—in particular, the causes and consequences of it and of the concept of the ecological footprint—as well as motivation to contribute to mitigating the problem. We conclude that the activities proposed could contribute to improving climate literacy, as well as stimulate children’s curiosity and proactivity so that they become citizens capable of exercising their active citizenship.
- Adjustments in motor unit properties during fatiguing contractions after trainingPublication . Vila-Chã, Carolina; Falla, Deborah; Velhote, Miguel C.; Farina, DarioThe objective of the study was to investigate the effect of strength and endurance training on muscle fiber membrane properties and discharge rates of low-threshold motor units of the vasti muscles during fatiguing contractions. Methods: Twenty-five sedentary healthy men (age (mean T SD) = 26.3 T 3.9 yr) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: strength training, endurance training, or a control group. Conventional endurance and strength training was performed 3 dIwkj1, during a period of 6 wk. Motor unit conduction velocity and EMG amplitude of the vastus medialis obliquus and lateralis muscles and biceps femoris were measured during sustained isometric knee extensions at 10% and 30% of the maximum voluntary contraction before and immediately after training. Results: After 6 wk of training, the reduction in motor unit conduction velocity during the sustained contractions at 30% of the maximum voluntary force occurred at slower rates compared with baseline (P G 0.05). However, the rate of decrease was lower after endurance training compared with strength training (P G 0.01). For all groups, motor unit discharge rates declined during the sustained contraction (P G 0.001), and their trend was not altered by training. In addition, the biceps femoris–vasti coactivation ratio declined after the endurance training. Conclusions: Short-term strength and endurance training induces alterations of the electrophysiological membrane properties of the muscle fiber. In particular, endurance training lowers the rate of decline of motor unit conduction velocity during sustained contractions more than strength training
- Adult’s perceptions after residential care: facilitating and inhibiting factorsPublication . Novo, Rosa; Prada, Ana Raquel Russo; Abrunhosa, FernandaThis study explores the perceptions of formerly institutionalized adults in Portugal regarding the challenges they faced after leaving residential care. It aims to understand the feelings experienced upon leaving the institution; to infer the facilitating and inhibiting factors of post-institutionalization transition, and to outline proposals for improving support during this transition. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 adults aged 24 to 39. The first and second-order categories were identified within three thematic axes. Results highlighted that the cessation of care was essentially remembered with negative feelings. Facilitating factors included academic commitment, social support, having or going to start a professional activity, and the transition to an independent living apartment emerged as facilitating factors. Poor functional skills, economic struggles, limited reality understanding, lack of formal support during the transition out of institutions, and social stigma emerged as inhibiting factors. Multiple personal and contextual factors influenced coping with transition challenges, emphasizing the need for qualified support and investment in promoting autonomy and self-confidence.
- Advancing sports science and physical education research through a shared understanding of the term motor performance skills: a scoping review with content analysisPublication . Sortwell, Andrew; Behringer, Michael; Granacher, Urs; Trimble, Kevin; Forte, Pedro; Neiva, Henrique P.; Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Konukman, Ferman; Tufekcioglu, Ertan; Filiz, Bijen; Branquinho, Luís; Ferraz, Ricardo; Sadeghi, Hassan; Arroyo-Toledo, JaimeBackground: The inappropriate usage of terms and concepts and/or unclear definitions provided in the scientific literature hinder progress in any scientific field. This risk is especially noticeable in applied fields of research such as sports science and physical education. Objective: This study explored existing literature that uses the term 'motor performance skills' and aimed to propose a comprehensive definition to be applied in future research. Method: Following an adapted scoping approach grounded in the rapid review model, we searched electronic databases Pub-Med/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus until February 2022. The primary demographic focus was sports science and physical education disciplines. After screening of titles and abstracts, 184 papers were identified for a full review. Twenty-two papers met the inclusion criteria from the full review and received qualitative content analysis. The qualitative content analysis focused on the elaborated qualities of the term 'motor performance skill'. Coding was used to identify and extract content, identify patterns, and observe the depth of interpretation of the term. Results: Only six papers used descriptive language, and three used explanatory language to convey aspects of the term's meaning. All included papers extrapolated or provided examples to demonstrate the term's meaning. Based on a collaborative process, the study reached a proposed definition that has the potential to be coined for the term 'motor performance skills' and used in future research. Conclusion: Thus, the current analysis revealed the need to collaboratively address the conceptual ambiguity and develop a comprehensive definition of 'motor performance skills' © 2022 Australian International Academic Centre. All rights reserved.
- Aerobic fitness as an important moderator risk factor for loneliness in physically trained older people: an explanatory case study using machine learningPublication . Encarnação, Samuel; Vaz, Paula Marisa Fortunato; Fortunato, Álvaro; Forte, Pedro; Vaz, Cátia; Monteiro, A.M.Loneliness in older people seems to have emerged as an increasingly prevalent social problem. Objective: To apply a machine learning (ML) algorithm to the task of understanding the influence of sociodemographic variables, physical fitness, physical activity levels (PAL), and sedentary behavior (SB) on the loneliness feelings of physically trained older people. Materials and Methods: The UCLA loneliness scale was used to evaluate loneliness, the Functional Fitness Test Battery was used to evaluate the correlation of sociodemographic variables, physical fitness, PAL, and SB in the loneliness feelings scores of 23 trained older people (19 women and 3 men). For this purpose, a naive Bayes ML algorithm was applied. Results: After analysis, we inferred that aerobic fitness (AF), hand grip strength (HG), and upper limb strength (ULS) comprised the most relevant variables panel to cause high participant loneliness with 100% accuracy and F-1 score. Conclusions: The naive Bayes algorithm with leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) predicted loneliness in trained older with a high precision. In addition, AF was the most potent variable in reducing loneliness risk.
- Aerodynamic analysis of human walking, running and sprinting by numerical simulationsPublication . Forte, Pedro; Sousa, Nuno; Teixeira, José Eduardo; Marinho, D.A.; Monteiro, A.M.; Bragada, José A.; Morais, J.E.; Barbosa, Tiago M.The drag in walking, running, and sprinting locomotion can be assessed by analytical procedures and experimental techniques. However, assessing the drag variations by these three main locomotion’s (i.e., walking, running, and sprinting) were not found using computational fluid dynamics. (CFD). Thus, the aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to assess the aerodynamics of human walking, running, and sprinting by CFD technique; 2) compare such aerodynamic characteristics between walking and running. Three 3D models were produced depicting the walking, running, and sprinting locomotion techniques, converted to computer aided design models and meshed. The drag varied with 4 locomotion type. Walking had the lowest drag, followed-up by running and then sprinting. At the same velocities, the drag was larger in walking than in running and increased with velocity. In conclusion, drag varied with locomotion type. Walking had the lowest drag, followed-up by running and then sprinting. At the same velocities, the drag was larger in walking than in running and increased with velocity.
- Agreement between different methods to measure the active drag coefficient in front-crawl swimmingPublication . Morais, J.E.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Garrido, Nuno D.; Cirilo-Sousa, Maria S.; Silva, A.J.; Marinho, D.A.The aim of this study was to analyze the agreement of the active drag coefficient measured through drag and propulsion methods. The sample was composed of 18 swimmers (nine boys: 15.9 ± 0.9 years; nine girls: 15.3 ± 1.2 years) recruited from a national swimming team. The velocity perturbation method was used as the drag measurement system and the Aquanex system as the propulsion system. For both sexes combined, the frontal surface area was 0.1128 ± 0.016 m2, swim velocity 1.54 ± 0.13 m∙s-1, active drag 62.81 ± 11.37 N, propulsion 68.81 ± 12.41 N. The level of the active drag coefficient agreement was calculated based on the mean values comparison, simple linear regression, and Bland Altman plots. The mean data comparison revealed non-significant differences (p > 0.05) between methods to measure the active drag coefficient. Both the linear regression (R2 = 0.82, p < 0.001) and Bland Altman plots revealed a very high agreement. The active drag coefficient should be the main outcome used in the interpretation of the swimmers’ hydrodynamic profile, because it is less sensitive to swimming velocity. Coaches and researchers should be aware that the active drag coefficient can also be calculated based on propulsion methods and not just based on drag methods. Thus, the swimming community can now use different equipment to measure the hydrodynamics of their swimmers
- An examination of intentions of recommending fitness centers by user membersPublication . Gonçalves, Celina; Biscaia, Rui; Correia, Abel; Diniz, AnaThe goal of this study was to examine what experiences members have with fitness centers that influence their intentions for recommendation. After item generation and content validity, as well as a pilot test, a survey was conducted among members of five different clubs (n=1750). The questionnaire included measures of service quality attributes, accessibility, well-being in life, well-being in a club, and intentions to recommend a fitness center. Results using a structural equation model provide evidence that only service quality attributes and well-being in a club have positive effect on intentions of users to recommend it. Well-being in life has a negative effect on the intentions for re- commendation, while accessibility shows no predictive effect. These findings suggest implications for the management of a club, such as the need to create a pleasant environment and to provide a personalized service directed towards the members’ goals in order to improve well-being in a club and contribute to increase the intentions to recommend the fitness centers to others.