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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
The world population has been growing and, consequently, so have the nutritional and food needs. The
balance between adequate supply and the planet's resources is a subject with increasing attention in the
world. The development of new strategies to combat this problem and ensure the population's nutritional
needs are urgent and extremely necessary. The most complete characterization of crop species and their
potential is extremely important for the adequate use of resources and the valorization of bio-waste
generated annually through the development of new functional products [1]. Cynara cardunculus L. is a
species widely cultivated in the Mediterranean region, and its production has an economic impact on this
region. It is widely consumed in the Mediterranean cuisine as a result of its high nutritional value and the
medicinal properties it has been demonstrating [1,2]. Cardoon bracts (variable altilis) were collected at the
principal growth stage (PGS) 5. The phenolic composition was evaluated by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Two in
vitro assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential: TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
formation inhibition) and OxHLIA (oxidative hemolysis inhibition). The antiproliferative capacity was
evaluated by the colorimetric method of sulforhodamine B, using several tumor cells lines and in a primary
culture of non-tumor cells (PLP2). The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using a murine
macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Eleven phenolic compounds were tentatively identified, with the
compounds 5-O-caffeoylquinic and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acids present in higher abundance (6.362 and
21.83 mg/g extract, respectively). The cardoon bracts demonstrated cytotoxic (GI50 of 30 – 79 μg/mL) and
anti-inflammatory (IC50 of 72 μg/mL) potential. The capacity to inhibit the formation of TBARS (IC50 =
26.8 μg/mL) and the oxidative hemolysis (IC50 of 82 and 159 μg/mL at Δt=60 min and 120 min,
respectively) were also demonstrated. The results obtained allow us to confirm the high bioactive potential
associated with cardoon bracts, as well as the great variety in phenolic compounds. These results also
showed the promising potential of this species for its exploitation in the fortification of food products, such
as bakery products and others. Therefore, the newly acquired knowledge allows the application of less used
and less studied species as functional ingredients, and at the same time, obtain food products with richer
nutritional value and higher interest for the food industry. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better
understand the compounds responsible for the observed activities, to reveal the mechanisms involved in
these activities, as well as to evaluate the incorporation of this material in new functional food products.
Description
Keywords
Cardoon Bracts
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Mandim, Filipa; Petropoulos, Spyridon Α.; Pinela, José; Dias, Maria Inês; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; Barros, Lillian (2022). Study of the phenolic profile and bioactive potential of cardoon bracts as a promising functional ingredient. In Trends in grain-based foods: Book of abstracts. Bragança
Publisher
Instituto Poitécnico de Bragança