Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Na era atual, a tecnologia é parte essencial da rotina diária das sociedades modernas, isto é, usufruímos dos recursos digitais como smartphones, laptops, relógios ou pulseiras inteligentes etc., para fins laborais, lazer, acesso a serviços e, principalmente, para comunicar e interagir com outros indivíduos. A pandemia COVID-19 tornou-nos mais dependentes de tais tecnologias, uma vez que, segundo dados estatísticos atualizados, cerca de 5,18 bilhões de pessoas utilizam a internet, ou seja, cerca de 61% da população mundial. Somente entre julho de 2020 e julho de 2021, houve um aumento exponencial nestes números devido, provavelmente, aos confinamentos e teletrabalho, para além da concretização das aulas e ações de formação totalmente online, por exemplo, em modalidade de e-learning ou outras. Se a dependência da WWW é assim tão abrangente, será que todos a usamos sem barreiras? Com o avanço da tecnologia, a criação de aplicativos e produtos de mídia foram aperfeiçoados, passando a ser concebidos de forma mais compreensiva. O foco muda um grupo específico de consumidores finais para toda e qualquer pessoa, independente das dificuldades no âmbito comunicacional que esta venha a ter – designamos esta abordagem como desenho universal ou para todos. Houve também a mudança de pensamento no que diz respeito aos consumidores finais: os perfis diversos deveriam atuar proativamente desde o início da criação destes produtos, não após a sua conclusão, de forma reativa; ou seja, passariam de meros validadores no final do processo a participantes desde o momento da criação dos produtos. Com essa nova tendência de promover a internet para todos e, a fim de incentivar e normalizar os aspectos a serem atendidos no planejamento e concepção de uma página web/software acessível, o consórcio W3C/WCAG 2.0 propõe uma série de boas práticas no âmbito da acessibilidade digital. Em Portugal, à luz da WCAG, temos o DL n.º 83/2018, uma diretiva que versa sobre a acessibilidade das páginas web e dos aplicativos dos organismos do setor público. Apesar deste contexto legal favorável e da existência de boas práticas, estamos a passos lentos na aplicação eficaz destas diretrizes, tanto no âmbito privado quanto no institucional. Será que perduram as preconcepções de que a criação de uma página web acessível é dispendiosa ou demorada? Ou será que falta à equipe responsável por esta criação o conhecimento sobre as ferramentas de acessibilidade? Ademais, pensando nesta equipe, quais os contributos que as figuras do tradutor audiovisual e do consultor (pessoa com deficiência auditiva, visual ou cognitiva/intelectual) poderiam vir a trazer ao cenário da acessibilidade digital? Partindo desses pressupostos, este trabalho tem por objetivo responder às questões aqui levantadas e identificar as boas práticas aplicadas preliminarmente no projeto de dissertação do mestrado de Tradução do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Portugal. Também, será exposto o processo de planejamento e concepção da página web “Festival de Cinema Acessível” em formato totalmente acessível, levando em consideração o moto “nothing about us without us”. Por fim, tentaremos desconstruir o pensamento de que uma página web plenamente acessível é algo impossível de ser executado. Para isso, adota-se a metodologia de investigação-ação e de estudo descritivo-exploratório, contando com a participação de especialistas da área de informática, para além da aplicação de questionários aos públicos-alvo para validação das etapas planejadas. Os resultados esperados conduzirão à sistematização das referidas etapas, a fim de serem utilizadas como parâmetros em futuros projetos.
In the current era, technology is an essential part of the daily routine of modern societies and, thus, we use digital resources such as smartphones, laptops, smart watches, or bracelets, etc., for work purposes, leisure, access to services and, mainly, to communicate and interact with other people. The COVID-19 pandemic has made us more dependent on such technologies, since, according to updated statistical data, about 5.18 billion people use the Internet, or approximately 61% of the world population. Between July 2020 and July 2021 alone, these numbers exponentially increased; one could say it was due to confinements and telecommuting, in addition to online classes and training activities, for example, in e-learning or other formats. If dependence on the WWW is so pervasive, do we all use it without barriers? As technology advances, there is an improvement on the creation of applications and media products which are now designed in a more comprehensive way. The focus shifts from a specific group of end-users to all people, regardless of the communication difficulties they may have – we call this approach universal design, or design for all. There was also a change of paradigm regarding the end-users: the diverse profiles should act in a proactive way from the very beginning of the creation of these products, not after their conclusion, in a reactive manner; from being mere validators at the end of the process, they should become co-participants in the creation of the products. With this new trend to promote the Internet for all and to encourage and standardize the aspects to be addressed in the planning and conception of an accessible webpage/software, the W3C/WCAG 2.0 consortium proposes a series of good practices in the scope of digital accessibility. In Portugal, considering the WCAG, we have the decree # 83/2018, a directive which refers to the accessibility of web pages and applications of public sector bodies. Despite this favorable legal context and the existence of good practices, we are moving rather slowly in the effective application of these guidelines, both in private and institutional contexts. Do the preconceptions persist considering that creating an accessible web page is expensive or time-consuming? Or is it that the team responsible for this creation lacks knowledge about accessibility tools? Furthermore, thinking about this team, what are the contributions the audiovisual translator and the consultant (person with hearing, visual or cognitive/intellectual disability) could bring to the digital accessibility scenario? Based on these assumptions, this paper aims to answer the questions raised here and identify the good practices applied so far in the dissertation within the Master's in Translation at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal. In addition, the process of planning and designing the webpage “Accessible Film Festival” in a fully accessible format will be presented, always bearing in mind the moto “nothing about us without us”. As a final point, we will try to deconstruct the idea that an accessible website is something impossible to be carried out. For these purposes, we adopt the methodology of action-research and develop a descriptive-exploratory study, counting on the participation of specialists in information technology, as well as the application of questionnaires to the target audience for validating the steps planned. As such, the expected results will lead to the systematization of these steps to be used as parameters in future projects.
In the current era, technology is an essential part of the daily routine of modern societies and, thus, we use digital resources such as smartphones, laptops, smart watches, or bracelets, etc., for work purposes, leisure, access to services and, mainly, to communicate and interact with other people. The COVID-19 pandemic has made us more dependent on such technologies, since, according to updated statistical data, about 5.18 billion people use the Internet, or approximately 61% of the world population. Between July 2020 and July 2021 alone, these numbers exponentially increased; one could say it was due to confinements and telecommuting, in addition to online classes and training activities, for example, in e-learning or other formats. If dependence on the WWW is so pervasive, do we all use it without barriers? As technology advances, there is an improvement on the creation of applications and media products which are now designed in a more comprehensive way. The focus shifts from a specific group of end-users to all people, regardless of the communication difficulties they may have – we call this approach universal design, or design for all. There was also a change of paradigm regarding the end-users: the diverse profiles should act in a proactive way from the very beginning of the creation of these products, not after their conclusion, in a reactive manner; from being mere validators at the end of the process, they should become co-participants in the creation of the products. With this new trend to promote the Internet for all and to encourage and standardize the aspects to be addressed in the planning and conception of an accessible webpage/software, the W3C/WCAG 2.0 consortium proposes a series of good practices in the scope of digital accessibility. In Portugal, considering the WCAG, we have the decree # 83/2018, a directive which refers to the accessibility of web pages and applications of public sector bodies. Despite this favorable legal context and the existence of good practices, we are moving rather slowly in the effective application of these guidelines, both in private and institutional contexts. Do the preconceptions persist considering that creating an accessible web page is expensive or time-consuming? Or is it that the team responsible for this creation lacks knowledge about accessibility tools? Furthermore, thinking about this team, what are the contributions the audiovisual translator and the consultant (person with hearing, visual or cognitive/intellectual disability) could bring to the digital accessibility scenario? Based on these assumptions, this paper aims to answer the questions raised here and identify the good practices applied so far in the dissertation within the Master's in Translation at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal. In addition, the process of planning and designing the webpage “Accessible Film Festival” in a fully accessible format will be presented, always bearing in mind the moto “nothing about us without us”. As a final point, we will try to deconstruct the idea that an accessible website is something impossible to be carried out. For these purposes, we adopt the methodology of action-research and develop a descriptive-exploratory study, counting on the participation of specialists in information technology, as well as the application of questionnaires to the target audience for validating the steps planned. As such, the expected results will lead to the systematization of these steps to be used as parameters in future projects.
Description
Keywords
Acessibilidade digital Barreiras comunicacionais Tecnologias Tradutor audiovisual Consultor W3C/WCAG Research Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::Technology and social change
Citation
Almeida, Sarah; Martins, Cláudia; Gonçalves, Bruno F. (2022). Práticas de acessibilidade web: estudo preliminar. In Vitor Gonçalves; Ana García-Valcárcel; José António Moreira; Pilar Gutiez Cuevas; Maria Raquel Patrício (Eds.) VIII Conferência Ibérica de Inovação na Educação com TIC: ieTIC2022: livro de resumos. Bragança
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança