Browsing by Author "Mandim, Filipa"
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- Antimalarial and cytotoxic activity of native plants used in cabo verde traditional medicinePublication . Essoh, Anyse P.; Cassiano, Gustavo Capatti; Mandim, Filipa; Barros, Lillian; Gomes, Isildo; Medeiros, Márcia Melo; Moura, Monica B.M.V.; Cravo, Pedro V.L.; Romeiras, Maria M.Medicinal plants have historically been a source of drugs in multiple applications, including the treatment of malaria infections. The Cabo Verde archipelago harbors a rich diversity of native plants, most of which are used for medicinal purposes. The present study investigated the in vitro antiplasmodial activities of four native plants from Cabo Verde (i.e., Artemisia gorgonum, Lavandula rotundifolia, Sideroxylon marginatum, and Tamarix senegalensis). Traditional preparations of these medicinal plants, namely aqueous extracts (infusions) and ethanolic extracts, were tested against both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) Plasmodium falciparum strains using the SYBR Green detection method. The in vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated in Caco-2 and PLP2 cells using a sulforhodamine B colorimetric assay. An ethanolic extract of A. gorgonum and infusions of T. senegalensis exhibited high antiplasmodial activities (EC50 < 5 g/mL) without cytotoxicity (GI50 > 400 g/mL). Extracts of L. rotundifolia and S. marginatum exhibited moderate activities, with EC50 values ranging from 10–30 g/mL. The A. gorgonum ethanolic extract showed activity toward early ring stages, and parasites treated with the T. senegalensis infusions progressed to the early trophozoite stage, although did not develop further to the late trophozoite or schizont stages. Antimalarial activities and the lack of cytotoxicity of the extracts are reported in the present study and support previous claims by traditional practitioners for the use of these plants against malaria while suggesting their ethnopharmacological usefulness as future antimalarials.
- Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antioxidante activity of Amaranthaceae plants: a renewable source of nutrients and phenolic compounds.Publication . Núñez Estévez, Bernabé; Finimundy, Tiane C.; Carpena Rodríguez, María; Otero, Paz; Barral Martínez, Marta; Pires, Tânia C.S.; Mandim, Filipa; Pinela, José; García-Pérez, Pascual; Simal-Gandara, Jesus; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Barros, LillianSince the beginning of the 21st century, food products have been subjected to numerous tests to check their quality and presence of harmful agents. Nowadays, consumers awareness about food quality has increased dramatically, paying much attention to the identification of artificial additives, which are normally included as preservative ingredients, among others. This change is also represented in the food industry, where the use of natural food texturizers and preservatives has been replacing some commonly used artificial additives, thus motivating the search for new bioactive compounds from natural sources. Among such bioactive compounds, plant secondary metabolites, in special phenolic compounds, have been largely reported for their health-enhancing properties and preservative effect. In this study, a phytochemical and nutritional characterization of three species from the Amaranthaceae family (Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R., Dicliptera chinensis (L.) Juss. and Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants) was performed. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicity to tumour and non-tumour cell lines were also evaluated using different methodologies. The results showed a high content of flavonoids in the ethanolic extract of the three species, ranging 11.4 – 15.1 mg/g extract, with apigenin, luteolin and isorhamnetin derivatives being the most abundant compounds. On the other hand, the results from nutritional analysis showed a high protein content in the species studied (13.9- 16.9 ± 0.1 g/100 g of dry weight, dw), together with the presence of organic acids, such as oxalic and succinic acids. Concerning the reported bioactivities of the plant extracts, the results for cytotoxic activity showed GI50 values ranging from 263 ± 12 μg/mL to 188 ± 14 μg/mL towards different tumor cell lines (colon carcinoma, Caco-2; breast adenocarcinoma, MCF-7; and non-small cell lung, NCI-H460) and no cytotoxic activity in the control cell line (Vero). Moreover, with respect to antimicrobial activity, the A. sessilis extract showed minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 5 mg/mL against Morganella morganii, as well as the D. abrosioides extract against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). For the antioxidant activity determined by the oxidative haemolysis assay (OxHLIA), the D. abrosioides extract showed an IC50 of 66 ± 10 μg/mL. Overall, these results suggest that ethanolic extracts from the characterized Amaranthaceae species, exhibiting a high bioactive potential, can be considered as promising natural ingredients or additives in the food industry.
- Antioxidant Activity, Antiproliferative Activity, Antiviral Activity, NO Production Inhibition, and Chemical Composition of Essential Oils and Crude Extracts of Leaves, Flower Buds, and Stems of Tetradenia ripariaPublication . Sena, Jéssica da Silva; Rodrigues, Selma Alves; Sakumoto, Karina; Inumaro, Rodrigo Sadao; González-Maldonado, Pamela; Mendez-Scolari, Emilio; Piau, Ranulfo; Gonçalves, Daniela Dib; Mandim, Filipa; Vaz, Josiana A.; Gonçalves, José Eduardo; Sotelo, Pablo Hernan; Valle, Juliana Silveira do; Gazim, Zilda CristianiThe chemical composition of extracts (CEs) and essential oils (EOs) from Tetradenia riparia leaves, flower buds, and stems was analyzed. Antiproliferative activity against tumor cell lines, NO production inhibition, and antioxidant and antiviral activities were assessed. The CEs contained flavonoids, phenolic acids, coumarins, and saturated fatty acids. The EOs included monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and diterpenes. NO production inhibition ranged from 76 to 247 μg mL−1, and antiproliferative activity exhibited GI50 between 20 and >204 μg mL−1, with low cytotoxicity (SI: 1.08 to 4.75). Reactive oxygen species inhibition ranged from 45 to 82%. Antioxidant activity varied when determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay (IC50: 0.51 to 8.47 mg mL−1) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (0.35 to 0.81 μM ferrous sulfate per mg). The reduction in β-carotene–linoleic acid co-oxidation varied between 76.13 and 102.25%. The total phenolic content of CEs and EOs was 10.70 to 111.68 μg gallic acid mg−1. Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) showed an EC50 between 9.64 and 24.55 μg mL−1 and an SI between 8.67 and 15.04. Leaf EOs exhibited an EC50 of 9.64 μg mL−1 and an SI of 15.04. Our study unveils the diverse chemical composition and multifaceted pharmacological properties of T. riparia, demonstrating its potential as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.
- Apple pomace as a source of phenolic compounds with potential application in cosmetic productPublication . Alvarez Arraibi, Ana; Barreira, João C.M.; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Mandim, Filipa; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Apple pomace is aby-product that might be considered as a competitive source ofalarge number ofbioactive compounds (particularly phenolic compounds) with potentially valuable applications. Interestingly, the maj or part ofthese bioactive compounds is found in apple peel, thereby becoming more concentrated in apple pomace when compared to the fresh fruit [l]. Phenolic compounds in apple pomace (e.g., hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids and dihydrochalcones) display health promoting activities, mainly based on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties [2]. Therefore, these compounds represent a promising cosmeceutical potential. In fact, apple polyphenols already showed to inhibit the fat production of sebaceous cells, making them appropriate to be used in anti-acne cosmetic formulations [3]. In the work described herein, apple pomace was dehydrated using two diflferent processes: oven drying (60 °C) and lyophilisation. Phenolic compounds were extracted from apple pomace using food grade solvents (water and ethanol) in different proportions. Phenolic compounds' profiles were further characterized by high performance liquid chromatography using a diode array detector coupled to a mass spectrometer. In what regarás dehydraüon process, lyophilized samples showed a higher number ofphenolic compounds, as also higher quantities of those detected in ali prepared extracts. The major phenolic compound was 5-0-cafFeoylquinic acid (»108 mg/100 g dw), but flavonoids, specifically flavan-3-ols, were also detected in significant leveis. Among these, four quercetin derivatives (differing in the sugar unit) and isorhamnetin-3-0- rutinoside were quantified in similar concentrations (»20 mg/100 g dw). The remaining compounds were 4-0-caífeoylquinic acid (»16 mg/100 g dw), B-type (epi)-catechin dimer, trimer and tetramer (»16 mg/100 g dw, »5 mg/100 g dw and »3 mg/100 g dw, respectively), and phloretin-2-O-xyloglucoside (»5 mg/100 gdw). Overall, the detected profiles raise the possibility of using apple pomace, which is a competitive starting material when compared to other natural matrices, as an alternative source ofthis type of phenolic compounds. Owing to their reported bioactivity, these compounds may further be included in diflFerent applications as exemplified by cosmetic formulations, considering their ability to inhibit fat production in sebaceous cells.
- Atividade antibacteriana e efeito na microbiota vaginal de frações obtidas a partir do extrato de acetona de Calluna vulgaris (L.) HullPublication . Mandim, Filipa; Barros, Lillian; Heleno, Sandrina A.; Pires, Tânia C.S.; Dias, Maria Inês; Alves, Maria José; Santos, Paulo F.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.A sociedade atual enfrenta uma preocupação crescente no que respeita à resistência microbiana aos antibióticos e, como consequência, a descoberta de novos agentes antimicrobianos eficazes torna-se uma prioridade global e urgente[1]. As matrizes naturais, devido à sua diversidade e riqueza em moléculas de reconhecida atividade biológica, têm sido extensivamente estudadas no sentido de avaliar também o seu potencial antimicrobiano. Dentre as matrizes naturais com propriedades bioativas encontra-se a espécie Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull (comumente conhecida como urze), sendo a única espécie do género Calluna (Ericaceae). As infusões e decocções preparadas a partir desta planta constituem as formas de preparação mais consumidas na medicina tradicional, descritas como tendo efeitos benéficos para a saúde nomeadamente, no alívio da dor reumática, artrite, e efeitos calmantes. No entanto, é no tratamento de infeções do trato urinário que esta espécie sobressai pelas suas propriedades antimicrobianas e anti-inflamatórias[2]. OBJETIVO: Assim, no presente trabalho, o extrato de acetona de C. vulgaris previamente estudado pelos autores e, tendo revelado excelentes propriedades antibacterianas[3], foi fracionado por cromatografia em coluna de sílica gel através de um sistema de eluente de polaridade crescente, obtendo-se dez frações diferentes (Fr 1 a Fr 10). MÉTODO: O perfil fenólico foi analisado por HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Os principais compostos fenólicos presentes nas frações foram dímeros de catequina do tipo B (epi), (-) - epicatequina e (+) - catequina. A atividade antibacteriana também foi analisada contra bactérias patogénicas e foi ainda avaliado o seu efeito na microbiota vaginal não patogénica. RESULTADOS: Algumas das frações obtidas revelaram a capacidade de inibir microrganismos patogénicos sem afetar a microbiota vaginal não patogénica, especialmente as frações Fr 7 e Fr 8. A bactéria patogénica Neisseria gonorrhoeae foi inibida por ambas as frações, sendo que a fração Fr 7 foi também ativa contra as bactérias Klebsiella pneumoniae e Morganella morganii e a fração Fr 8 contra Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA) e S. aureus suscetível a meticilina (MSSA), sem afetar as 3 espécies de Lactobacillus, presentes na microbiota vaginal. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo corrobora o uso terapêutico desta espécie na medicina tradicional. Demonstra que esta planta inibe alguns patogénicos responsáveis por diferentes patologias vaginais e urinárias sem interferir com o crescimento de alguns dos Lactobacillus pertencentes á microbiota vaginal.
- Avaliação do perfil fenólico de duas plantas comummente utilizadas na medicina tradicional, após aplicação de irradiação ionizantePublication . Pereira, Eliana; Pimenta, Andreia I.; Mandim, Filipa; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Antonio, Amilcar L.; Barros, Lillian; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; Cabo Verde, Sandra; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Os compostos fenólicos têm sido associados a diferentes efeitos benéficos nomeadamente, na prevenção de doenças, nomeadamente diabetes, cancro, doenças cardiovasculares, obesidade, doenças neuro-degenerativas, entre outras. São várias as matrizes que representam uma boa fonte deste tipo de compostos, principalmente no reino vegetal [1,2]. Assim, este estudo pretendeu avaliar os efeitos da radiação gama na composição fenólica de extratos aquosos, obtidos por infusão de duas plantas comummente apreciadas pelo consumidor e usadas na medicina tradicional - Aloysia citrodora L. e Mentha x piperita L.. O tratamento de irradiação foi realizado através de uma câmara de 60Co, aplicando as doses de 1 e 10 kGy e os resultados foram comparados com amostras controlo (0 kGy). O perfil fenólico foi obtido por HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Foram identificados 11 e 14 compostos fenólicos (derivados de flavonoides e ácidos fenólicos) nas espécies A. citrodora e M. piperita, respetivamente. Relativamente aos resultados obtidos após a aplicação deste tipo de processamento, foi evidente que as amostras submetidas a uma dose de irradiação de 10 kGy, revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no perfil fenólico de ambos os extratos estudados, comparativamente com a amostra controlo (0 kGy), evidenciando um aumento na maioria dos compostos, como também nos teores de ácidos fenólicos totais e compostos fenólicos totais [3]. Assim, este estudo contribuiu para um conhecimento mais amplo dos efeitos da irradiação gama na caraterização destas moléculas em algumas plantas medicinais, revelando também que este tipo de processamento é uma técnica recomendada para aplicação nesta matriz.
- Avaliação do perfil fenólico de duas plantas comummente utilizadas na medicina tradicional, após aplicação de irradiação ionizantePublication . Pereira, Eliana; Pimenta, Andreia I.; Mandim, Filipa; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Antonio, Amilcar L.; Barros, Lillian; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; Cabo Verde, Sandra; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Os compostos fenólicos têm sido associados a diversos efeitos benéficos nomeadamente, na prevenção de algumas doenças, tais como, diabetes, cancro, doenças cardiovasculares, obesidade, doenças neuro-degenerativas, entre outras. São várias as matrizes que representam uma boa fonte deste tipo de compostos, principalmente no reino vegetal. Assim, este estudo pretendeu avaliar os efeitos da radiação gama na composição fenólica de extratos aquosos, obtidos por infusão de duas plantas comummente apreciadas pelo consumidor e usadas na medicina tradicional - Aloysia citrodora L. (limonete) e Mentha x piperita L. (hortelã-pimenta). O tratamento de irradiação foi realizado através de uma câmara de 60Co, aplicando as doses de 1 e 10 kGy e os resultados foram comparados com amostras controlo (0 kGy). O perfil fenólico foi obtido por HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Foram identificados 11 e 14 compostos fenólicos (derivados de flavonoides e ácidos fenólicos) nas espécies A. citrodora e M. piperita, respetivamente. Relativamente aos resultados obtidos após a aplicação deste tipo de processamento, foi evidente que as amostras submetidas a uma dose de irradiação de 10 kGy, revelaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no perfil fenólico de ambos os extratos estudados, comparativamente com a amostra controlo (0 kGy), evidenciando um aumento na maioria dos compostos, como também nos teores de ácidos fenólicos totais e compostos fenólicos totais. Assim, este estudo contribuiu para um conhecimento mais amplo dos efeitos da irradiação gama nestas moléculas, revelando também que este tipo de processamento pode ser aplicado em plantas aromáticas e medicinais.
- Avaliação do potencial das folhas da Cynara carcunculus L. como ingrediente funcionalPublication . Mandim, Filipa; Petropoulos, Spyridon Α.; Pinela, José; Dias, Maria Inês; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; Barros, LillianCynara cardunculus L., usualmente denominada por cardo, é uma espécie herbácea nativa dos países da bacia do Mediterrâneo. Esta espécie exibe um diversificado número de aplicações industriais1. É utilizada na medicina tradicional devido às suas propriedades benéficas para a saúde. O cardo é também considerado um alimento funcional devido à sua rica composição em compostos com propriedades funcionais (como por exemplo, ácidos fenólicos, flavonoides, fibra, inulina)2,3. No presente estudo, a influencia do estado de maturação nas propriedades bioativas das folhas de cardo foi analisada.
- Bioactive properties and phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis: influence of the plant part collected at the same maturity stagePublication . Mandim, Filipa; Petropoulos, Spyridon Α.; Dias, Maria Inês; Pinela, José; Kostić, Marina; Soković, Marina; Barros, Lillian; Santos-Buelga, Celestino; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.The planet’s resources are increasingly scarce, a reason why their most efficient use is gaining more atten- tion. Several studies have shown the influence of genetic background, environmental conditions, and different plant tissues on the polyphenolic composition and consequently on its bioactive potential, leading to different industrial applications.1 Cynara cardunculus L. (Asteraceae), commonly known as cardoon, is a Mediterranean herbaceous plant with important economic value as a result of its diversified industrial applications (i.e. pro- duction of biomass, bioenergy, paper pulp, pharmaceutics and cosmetics).1,2 The present work aims to valorize underused parts of cardoon by evaluating the phenolic profile and bioactive properties of different plant tissues. Petioles, blades, heads, bracts, and seeds from a Greek cardoon genotype were collected at different growth stages throughout the growing season depending on the plant part, e.g. petioles and blades were col- lected throughout the growing season, heads and bracts during the flowering stage and seeds after seed for- mation and until the seed ripening stage. The phenolic profile was determined by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS and the antioxidant activity were measured through cell-based assays, namely TBARS and OxHLIA. Cytotoxic effects were screened in four human tumor cell lines and hepatotoxicity in a non-tumor cell line (PLP2) by the sul- forhodamine B assay. Anti-inflammatory potential was tested through the inhibition of NO production. Finally, the antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated by the broth microdilution method. The blades of car- doon presented the highest bioactive activity and variety in phenolic compounds. Considering the maturation stage, the bracts stand out at the intermediate stage, showing a higher antioxidant potential for TBARS assay, and the petioles a higher anti-inflammatory activity. In turn, at the most advanced stage of maturity, the seeds presented lower EC50 values in the OxHLIA assay. More immature plant tissues presented a higher content in phenolic compounds, and as expected, higher antioxidant activity in the OxHLIA assay. The most advanced states of maturation also presented highest cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activity. For the antibacterial and antifungal activities, the results obtained were not affected by different plant parts or by the maturation stages studied. The results obtained in the present work, allows us to choose the best harvesting time of cardoon, allowing achieving a greater variety of phenolic compounds, and consequently, a highest bioactive potential, and ultimately the most appropriate use of their constituents. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to better understand the compounds responsible for the observed activities.
- Bioactives of the essential oil from the leaves of Eugenia pyriformis Cambess (Myrtaceae) on the effects of tobaccoPublication . Medeiros, Jaqueline Pavelegini de; Rodrigues, Selma Alves; Sakumoto, Karina; Ruiz, Suelen Pereira; Faria, Maria Graciela Iecher; Gonçalves, José Eduardo; Piau Junior, Ranulfo; Glamočlija, Jasmina; Soković, Marina; Gonçalves, Daniela Dib; Mandim, Filipa; Barros, Lillian; Gazim, Zilda CristianiLung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the main cause of cancer death, usually related to cigarette smoking. Furthermore, the microbiota of people exposed to cigarette smoke can be modified, making it difficult to eliminate opportunistic microorganisms. The leaves of Eugenia pyriformis are a by-product of fruit production and, to date, there have been no studies addressing the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. Objective Investigate the antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide (NO)-production inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil from E. pyriformis leaves and its possible effect on the treatment and prevention of damage caused by tobacco. Methods The essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h). Its chemical composition was investigated by GC-MS. It was proposed to investigate antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, namely, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), lung (NCI-H460), cervical (HeLa), and hepatocellular (HepG2) carcinomas. A non-tumor primary culture from pig liver (PLP2) was also tested. The EO capacity to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by a lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine macrophage cell line. Antibacterial and antifungal activities against opportunistic pathogens were investigated against seven strains of bacteria and eight fungi. Results The results indicated the presence of 23 compounds in the essential oil, the majority were spathulenol (45.63%) and beta-caryophyllene oxide (12.72%). Leaf EO provided 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production at a concentration of 92.04 mu g mL(-1). The EO also demonstrated antiproliferative activity against all human tumor cell lines studied, with GI50 values comprised between 270.86 and 337.25 mu g mL(-1). The essential oil showed antimicrobial potential against the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (Murray et al.) Pirie (NCTC 7973) and Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 (MIC 1870 mu g mL(-1)) and fungi Aspergillus versicolor ATCC 11730, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 12066, Penicillium ochrochloron ATCC 90288, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium (Westling) Samson, Stolk & Hadlok (food isolate) (MIC 1870 mu g mL(-1)) and Trichoderma viride Pers. IAM 5061 (1,400 mu g mL(-1)). Conclusion The demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities in the leaves of E. pyriformis can add value to the production chain of this plant, being a possible option for preventing and combating cancer, including lung cancer.