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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Apple pomace is aby-product that might be considered as a competitive source ofalarge
number ofbioactive compounds (particularly phenolic compounds) with potentially
valuable applications. Interestingly, the maj or part ofthese bioactive compounds is found
in apple peel, thereby becoming more concentrated in apple pomace when compared
to the fresh fruit [l]. Phenolic compounds in apple pomace (e.g., hydroxycinnamic
acids, flavonoids and dihydrochalcones) display health promoting activities, mainly
based on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties [2].
Therefore, these compounds represent a promising cosmeceutical potential. In fact,
apple polyphenols already showed to inhibit the fat production of sebaceous cells,
making them appropriate to be used in anti-acne cosmetic formulations [3]. In the
work described herein, apple pomace was dehydrated using two diflferent processes:
oven drying (60 °C) and lyophilisation. Phenolic compounds were extracted from
apple pomace using food grade solvents (water and ethanol) in different proportions.
Phenolic compounds' profiles were further characterized by high performance liquid
chromatography using a diode array detector coupled to a mass spectrometer. In what
regarás dehydraüon process, lyophilized samples showed a higher number ofphenolic
compounds, as also higher quantities of those detected in ali prepared extracts. The
major phenolic compound was 5-0-cafFeoylquinic acid (»108 mg/100 g dw), but
flavonoids, specifically flavan-3-ols, were also detected in significant leveis. Among
these, four quercetin derivatives (differing in the sugar unit) and isorhamnetin-3-0-
rutinoside were quantified in similar concentrations (»20 mg/100 g dw). The remaining
compounds were 4-0-caífeoylquinic acid (»16 mg/100 g dw), B-type (epi)-catechin
dimer, trimer and tetramer (»16 mg/100 g dw, »5 mg/100 g dw and »3 mg/100 g dw,
respectively), and phloretin-2-O-xyloglucoside (»5 mg/100 gdw). Overall, the detected
profiles raise the possibility of using apple pomace, which is a competitive starting
material when compared to other natural matrices, as an alternative source ofthis type
of phenolic compounds. Owing to their reported bioactivity, these compounds may
further be included in diflFerent applications as exemplified by cosmetic formulations,
considering their ability to inhibit fat production in sebaceous cells.
Description
Keywords
Apple pomace Phenolic compounds
Citation
Alvarez Arraibi, Ana; Barreira, João C.M.; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Mandim, Filipa; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R. (2018). Apple pomace as a source of phenolic compounds with potential application in cosmetic product. In XXIV Encontro Luso Galego de Química. Porto. ISBN 978-989-8124-24-1