Browsing by Author "Correa, Vanesa G."
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- Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of a purified polysaccharide from yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis)Publication . Kungel, Pâmela T.A.N.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Peralta, Rosely Aparecida; Soković, Marina; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Bracht, Adelar; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Peralta, Rosane M.This study investigated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of a purified yerba mate polysaccharide. The yerba mate polysaccharide showed a prominent antioxidant activity as evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•)-radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 1.25 ± 0.10 mg/mL), 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6- sulphonic acid (ABTS•+)-radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.41 ± 0.05 mg/mL), and hydroxyl scavenging activity (IC50= 3.36 ± 0.31 mg/mL). The antioxidant activity evaluated as the ferric ion reduction power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance radical assay (ORAC), expressed as trolox equivalents,were 20.84±1.61 μMTE/- mg and 556.30± 12.83 μM TE/mg, respectively. The purified yerbamate polysaccharide presented high antimicrobial activity against several bacterial and fungal strains; however, no cytotoxicity against all four tumor human cell lines assessed.
- Biological activities and chemical constituents of Araucaria angustifolia: An effort to recover a species threatened by extinctionPublication . Peralta, Rosane M.; Koehnlein, Eloá A.; Oliveira, Roselene F.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Bertonha, Leonardo; Bracht, Adelar; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Background: Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (A. brasiliensis), known as Paraná pine, is the sole native gymnosperm of the Atlantic forest in Brazil and has great economic, cultural and social importance. Its seed, known as pinhão, has been consumed since prehistoric times. Besides the nutritional aspects, different parts of A. angustifolia are also used in the Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, respiratory infections, fatigue, anemia, among other disorders. Timber exploration has dramatically reduced the species population, and currently, A. angustifolia is classified as vulnerable regarding the risk of extinction. Scope and Approach: This review presents the most recently uncovered details about the chemical composition of the various parts of the plant. Emphasis is given to the main isolated and identified compounds or fractions and their corresponding bioactivities. Key Findings and Conclusions:.Apart from the nutritional properties of the pinhão, particularly as a starch source, this review reveals that a number of biological activities have been found in different parts of A. angustifolia (leaves, bark and pinhão coat), such as protection against DNA UV-induced damage, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiviral and digestive enzyme inhibiting activities. Further investigations should include parts of A. angustifolia that are currently discarded, such as the bark, bracts and the pinhão coat, with potential for use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Studies on A. angustifolia must combine two important elements: the need for preservation of a typical ecosystem and the implementation of the A. angustifolia forests as a true economic alternative for local residents.
- A critical appraisal of the most recent investigations on the hepatoprotective action of brazilian plantsPublication . Garcia-Manieria, Jéssica A.A.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Backes, Emanueli; Sa-Nakanishi, Anacharis Babeto de; Bracht, Lívia; Comar, Jurandir Fernando; Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Peralta, Rosane M.; Bracht, AdelarConventional treatments for liver diseases are often burdened by side effects caused by chemicals. For minimizing this problem, the search for medicines based on natural products has increased. The objective of this review was to collect data on the potential hepatoprotective activity of plants of the Brazilian native flora. Special attention was given to the modes of extraction, activity indicators, and identification of the active compounds. The databases were Science direct, Pubmed, and Google Academic. Inclusion criteria were: (a) plants native to Brazil; (b) studies carried out during the last 15 years; (c) high-quality research. A fair number of communications met these criteria. Various parts of plants can be used, e.g., fruit peels, seeds, stem barks, and leaves. An outstanding characteristic of the active extracts is that they were mostly obtained from plant parts with low commercial potential, i.e., by-products or bio-residues. The hepatoprotective activities are exerted by constituents such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, vitamin C, phytosterols, and fructose poly- and oligosaccharides. Several Brazilian plants present excellent perspectives for the obtainment of hepatoprotective formulations. Very important is the economical perspective for the rural producers which may eventually increase their revenue by selling increasingly valued raw materials which otherwise would be wasted.
- Effects of in vitro digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation on stability and functional properties of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.) beveragesPublication . Correa, Vanesa G.; Gonçalves, Geferson A.; Sá-Nakanishi, Anacharis B. de; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Koehnlein, Eloá A.; Souza, Cristina G.M. de; Bracht, Adelar; Peralta, Rosane M.Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) is a plant that grows naturally in South America. From its leaves and thin stems different kinds of beverages are prepared (chimarrão, tererê and tea mate), all of them rich in bioactive substances. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on the stability of the polyphenols and on the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumoral activities of the yerba mate beverages. The phenolic chromatographic profile revealed that both the in vitro digestion and the colonic fermentation caused a pronounced decrease in 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in the preparations. However, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid and salvianolic acid I were only barely affected in all preparations. Despite the decrease in the phytochemicals content, yerba mate beverages maintain their functional properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial and antitumoral activities.
- Estudo da estabilidade e atividade biológica de bagaço de uva (Merlot) após simulação da digestão gastrointestinal e fermentação colónicaPublication . Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Haminiuk, Charles Windson Isidoro; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Kato-Schwartz, Camila Gabriel; Correa, Vanesa G.; Peralta, Rosane M.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.A produção de vinho representa hoje em dia uma das maiores atividades agroindustriais a nível mundial. Como consequência gera uma enorme quantidade de subprodutos (bagaço e borras) que representam por vezes até 30% das uvas vinificadas, sendo a maioria completamente descartados sem tratamento adequado e/ou outras finalidades [1-4]. O bagaço de uva representa, por isso, um abundante e acessível subproduto industrial que contém uma grande variedade de compostos bioativos, nomeadamente fenólicos, que têm sido relacionados com benefícios para a saúde do consumidor [l]. O objetivo deste estudo foi mimetizar a digestão gastrointestinal e a fermentação colónica de bagaço de uva de Merlot, de forma a avaliar uma possível redução do conteúdo em fitoquímicos, correlacionando o perfil de compostos fenólicos com as suas atividades biológicas. Assim, foram caracterizados três extratos de bagaço (inicial, digerido e fermentado) relativamente ao seu conteúdo em compostos fenólicos antociânicos e não antociânicos por HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Além disso, foi também a valiado o seu potencial antioxidante, antibacteriano e citotóxico para células tumorais e não-tumorais. Os compostos fenólicos mais abundantes identificados nas três amostras estudadas foram um dímero de (epi)catequina tipo B, (+)-catequina e (-)-epicatequina. Foram identificados vinte compostos fenólicos não antociânicos na amostra inicial (66 mg/g de extrato), tendo sido significativamente reduzidos para 11 compostos após digestão invitro. Foram identificadas cinco antocianinas, no entanto, as quantidades diminuíram imenso após digestão e fermentação. Pelos resultados obtidos podemos concluir que o processo de digestão in vitro promoveu drásticas reduções qualitativas e quantitativas no perfil de compostos fenólicos no extrato micial de bagaço de uvas Merlot. Tais alterações podem estar relacionadas com a diminuição de algumas bioatividades do extrato, como é o caso das propriedades antioxidantes e antibacterianas, embora não de forma diretamente proporcional. No entanto, a fermentação colónica teve um efeito positivo sobre o potencial citoóxico do extrato em linhas celulares tumorais humanas. Há ainda um conhecimento muito escasso sobre a estabilidade dos compostos fenólicos de Bagaço de uva e propriedades bioativas durante a digestão gastrointestinal e fermentação colónica, no entanto, os resultados obtidos poderão ser de grande utilidade para o desenvolvimento de novos suplementos nutracêuticos e produtos alimentares funcionalizados.
- Estudo dos efeitos da digestão gastrointestinal in vitro e fermentação colónica em extratos fenólicos e bioatividades de Rosmarinus officinalis L.Publication . Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Gonçalves, Geferson A.; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Bracht, Adelar; Peralta, Rosane M.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Rosmarinus officinalis L., alecrim, pertence à família das Lamiaceae e encontra-se amplamente disseminado em vários países da região do Mediterrâneo [1]. É usado sobretudo como condimento, mas os seus extratos aquosos ricos em compostos fenólicos, maioritariamente ácido rosmarínico, têm um grande potencial para ser usados como conservantes e/ou ingredientes funcionais [2]. É, no entanto, necessário perceber a estabilidade e biodisponibilidade destes extratos aquosos e dos seus compostos bioativos após a digestão gastrointestinal e processos de fermentação colónica, de modo a não perder a funcionalidade dos mesmos. No presente trabalho, o extrato inicial e os extratos digeridos e fermentados de alecrim foram caracterizados em termos de compostos fenólicos por HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS e, posteriormente, estudados os seus potenciais antioxidante, antibacteriano e antiproliferativo. Foram identificados 16 compostos fenólicos, entre eles 10 ácidos fenólicos e 6 flavonoides, sendo o ácido rosmarínico o composto maioritário, como era expectável. Foi também este composto que mais sofreu os efeitos da digestão e fermentação representando um total de 60%, em comparação com os 26% dos compostos fenólicos totais. No geral, a digestão gastrointestinal in vitro diminuiu a atividade antioxidante obtida pelos métodos de DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC e TBARS. Tanto o extrato inicial como o digerido não apresentaram qualquer atividade antiproliferativa, no entanto, o extrato fermentado exibiu um ótima atividade antiproliferativa na linha celular HeLa (carcinoma cervical, GI50 = 116 μg/mL). Relativamente à atividade antibacteriana, o extrato inicial e o extrato digerido revelaram-se moderadamente eficazes contra o crescimento de Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus resistente à meticilina (MRSA) e sensível à meticilina (MSSA) e também contra a Listeria monocytogenes. O extrato fermentado revelou-se também moderadamente eficaz contra o crescimento de MRSA e MSSA. Os resultados aqui obtidos revelam a importância dos extratos ricos em ácido rosmarínico como potenciais conservantes e ingredientes funcionais, no entanto, o uso de técnicas de estabilização/microencapsulação seria importante para assegurar uma adequada ação destes compostos após digestão e fermentação.
- Estudo dos efeitos da digestão gastrointestinal in vitro e fermentação colónica em extratos fenólicos e bioatividades de Rosmarinus officinalis L.Publication . Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Gonçalves, Geferson A.; Barros, Lillian; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Bracht, Adelar; Peralta, Rosane M.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Foram estudadas potenciais perdas de fitoquímicos que ocorrem ao longo de passos sequenciais de digestão gastrointestinal in vitro e fermentação colónica de um extrato aquoso de alecrim. Os extratos iniciais (CI), digeridos (DE) e fermentados (FE) foram caracterizados em termos das suas propriedades bioativas e composição fenólica. O ácido rosmarínico, o principal componente do CI, sofreu a degradação mais significativa, verificando-se uma diminuição de 60%.
- Exploring the α-amylase-inhibitory properties of tannin-rich extracts of Cytinus hypocistis on starch digestionPublication . Correa, Vanesa G.; Garcia-Manieri, Jéssica A.A.; Silva, Ana Rita; Backes, Emanueli; Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Barros, Lillian; Bracht, Adelar; Peralta, Rosane M.Cytinus hypocistis (L.) L. is an edible parasitic plant that grows within the roots of its host. In addition to its use as famine food in the past, it is also tradidionally used for treating several illnesses such as intestinal problems, inflammations, tumors, and bleeding. This species is rich in hydrolysable tannins, compounds often associated with inhibiting starch digestion. Therefore, the present work investigated how effectively C. hypocistis tannin-rich extracts inhibited enzymes involved in starch digestion and if such effect also occurs in vivo. The latter premise was approached using the starch tolerance test in mice. Two optimized hydroethanolic extracts were used, a heat-assisted and an ultrasound-assisted extract, with known hydrolysable tannin content. Both extracts demonstrated potent inhibition of α-amylase. Inhibitions were of the mixed type with inhibitor constants in the 15 μg/mL range. The inhibition of the intestinal α-glucosidase was at least ten times less effective. The inhibition of the α-amylase was negatively affected by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and bovine serum albumin. In vivo, both extracts inhibited starch digestion at doses between 100 and 400 mg/mL in healthy mice. The highest doses of the ultrasound and heat extracts diminished the peak glucose levels in the starch tolerance test by 46 and 59.3%, respectively. In streptozotocin diabetic mice, this inhibition occurred only at the dose of 400 mg/mL. Under this condition, diminution of the peak glucose concentration in the starch tolerance test was equal to 36.7% and 48.8% for the ultrasound and heat extracts, respectively. Maltose digestion was not inhibited by the C. hypocistis extracts. Qualitatively and quantitatively, thus, the actions of both extracts were similar. The results allow adding a new biological property to C. hypocistis, namely, the ability to decrease the hyper-glycemic excursion after a starch-rich meal, propitiating at the same time a diminished caloric intake.
- Gastrointestinal digestion of yerba mate, rosemary and green tea extracts and their subsequent colonic fermentation by human, pig or rat inoculaPublication . Correa, Vanesa G.; Garcia-Manieri, Jessica Amanda Andrade; Dias, Maria Inês; Pereira, Carla; Mandim, Filipa; Barros, Lillian; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Peralta, Rosane M.; Bracht, AdelarPolyphenolic compounds are common constituents of human and animal diets and undergo extensive metabolism by the gut microbiota before entering circulation. In order to compare the transformations of polyphenols from yerba mate, rosemary, and green tea extracts in the gastrointestinal tract, simulated gastrointestinal digestion coupled with colonic fermentation were used. For enhancing the comparative character of the investigation, colonic fermentation was performed with human, pig and rat intestinal microbiota. Chemical analysis was performed using a HPLC system coupled to a diode-array detector and mass spectrometer. Gastrointestinal digestion diminished the total amount of phenolics in the rosemary and green tea extracts by 27.5 and 59.2 %, respectively. These reductions occurred mainly at the expense of the major constituents of these extracts, namely rosmarinic acid (-45.7 %) and epigalocatechin gallate (-60.6 %). The yerba mate extract was practically not affected in terms of total phenolics, but several conversions and isomerizations occurred (e.g., 30 % of trans-3-Ocaffeoylquinic acid was converted into the cis form). The polyphenolics of the yerba mate extract were also the least decomposed by the microbiota of all three species, especially in the case of the human one (-10.8 %). In contrast, the human microbiota transformed the polyphenolics of the rosemary and green extracts by 95.9 and 88.2 %, respectively. The yerba mate-extract had its contents in cis 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid diminished by 78 % by the human microbiota relative to the gastrointestinal digestion, but the content of 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (also a chlorogenic acid), was increased by 22.2 %. The latter phenomenon did not occur with the rat and pig microbiota. The pronounced interspecies differences indicate the need for considerable caution when translating the results of experiments on the effects of polyphenolics performed in rats, or even pigs, to humans.
- Impact of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on the phenolic composition and bioactivities of Rosmarinus officinalis L.Publication . Dias, Maria Inês; Corrêa, Rúbia C.G.; Gonçalves, Geferson A.; Barros, Lillian; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Correa, Vanesa G.; Bracht, Adelar; Peralta, Rosane M.; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is a plant native to the Mediterranean, popularly known as rosemary. In addition to its culinary use, it has also been used for therapeutic purposes since antiquity [1]. The European Union has considered rosemary extract as a safe and efficient food preservative, being rosmarinic acid (RA) its main constituent [2]. Extracts rich in RA not only have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects [1], but also prevent oxidation in foods without compromising their sensory acceptance. However, information on the stability of bioactive compounds in rosemary extract is scarce. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential phytochemical losses occurring throughout the sequential steps of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation of a rosemary aqueous extract. For this purpose, the crude (CE), digested (DE) and fermented (FE) extracts were characterized in terms of their phenolic profile and biological activities. Rosmarinic acid was the phytochemical that underwent the most significate transformation during digestion and fermentation, which amounted to 60% compared to the 26% degradation of the total phenolic compounds. Overall, the simulated digestion step decreased the antioxidant activity estimated by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, ORAC and TBARS assays. Both CE and DE did not present anti-proliferative potential, however, FE exhibited a pronounced cytotoxic activity (GI50 = 116 μg/mL) against HeLa cervical carcinoma cell line. CE and DE showed to be moderate inhibitors of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and Listeria monocytogenes, whilst the FE acted as a moderate inhibitor of MRSA and MSSA. In view of the relevant biological activities confirmed in this study, it is possible to suggest the application of the rosemary aqueous extract as a food additive, either as a preservative and/or as a functional ingredient. However, the use of RA-rich formulations in food industry should consider the stability and bioavailability of this bioactive compound.