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Resumo(s)
O solo é um recurso essencial para a vida, mas enfrenta degradação crescente
devido ao seu uso antrópico inadequado e aos incêndios florestais frequentes na Europa
Mediterrânea. A aplicação de Tecnossolos, que são solos modificados ou artificialmente
criados, surge como uma solução para a recuperação de áreas degradadas, permitindo
restaurar as funções ecológicas e produtivas dos solos.
Neste estudo, procedeu-se à aplicação de Tecnossolos na superfície do solo, como
solução inovadora para a recuperação de áreas ardidas por fogo controlado no Parque
Natural de Montesinho, NE Portugal. Estudaram-se os efeitos da aplicação do
Tecnossolo, para um período de 27 meses, em propriedades físicas (permeabilidade,
densidade, capacidade de campo, capacidade máxima para a água, estabilidade dos
agregados) e químicas do solo (matéria orgânica, azoto, fósforo e potássio extraíveis, pH).
Para esse efeito, foram estabelecidas duas áreas de amostragem, com e sem aplicação de
Tecnossolo. Em cada área de amostragem definiu-se um transeto e em cada transeto
selecionaram-se quatro pontos onde ocorreu à coleta de amostras de solo nas
profundidades 0-3, 3-6, 6-10 e 10-20 cm. Também foram coletadas amostras de
Tecnossolo (espessura média de 5 cm).
Os resultados indicam que a aplicação do Tecnossolo melhorou significativamente
algumas propriedades físicas e químicas do solo, favorecendo a retenção de água e a
redução da acidez do solo. O teor de matéria orgânica não sofreu alterações significativas
e os níveis de fósforo e potássio extraíveis foram maiores nas áreas tratadas com
Tecnossolo, o que contribuiu para uma maior fertilidade e capacidade de suporte das
plantas. Observou-se também uma melhora na estrutura do solo, com diminuição da
densidade aparente e aumento da porosidade, permitindo melhor infiltração de água e
aeração. De maneira geral, a aplicação do Tecnossolo se mostrou eficaz na recuperação
dos impactos produzidos pelo fogo no solo.
Soil is an essential resource for life, but it faces degradation due to its inappropriate anthropogenic use and frequent forest fires in Mediterranean Europe. The application of Technosols, which are either modified or artificially created soils, appears as a solution for the recovery of degraded areas, allowing the ecological and productive functions of soils. In this study, Technosols were applied to the soil surface as an innovative solution for the recovery of burned areas by controlled fire in the Montesinho Natural Park, NE Portugal. The effects of applying the Technosols over a period of 27 months on the soil's physical (permeability, density, field capacity, maximum water capacity, aggregate stability) and chemical (organic matter, nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, and potassium, pH) properties were studied. For this purpose, two sampling areas were established, with and without the application of Technosols. One transects was defined in each sampling area, and four points were selected in each transect where soil samples were taken at depths of 0-3, 3-6, 6-10, and 10-20 cm. Samples of Technosols were also collected and applied to the surface (average thickness of 5 cm). The results indicate that the application of Technosols significantly improved some of the soil's physical and chemical properties, favoring water retention and reducing soil acidity. The organic matter content and levels of extractable phosphorus and potassium were higher in the areas treated with Technosols, which contributed to greater fertility and plant support capacity. There was also an improvement in soil structure, with a reduction in bulk density and an increase in porosity, allowing for better water infiltration and aeration. Overall, the application of Technosols proved to be effective in recovering from the impacts of fire on the soil.
Soil is an essential resource for life, but it faces degradation due to its inappropriate anthropogenic use and frequent forest fires in Mediterranean Europe. The application of Technosols, which are either modified or artificially created soils, appears as a solution for the recovery of degraded areas, allowing the ecological and productive functions of soils. In this study, Technosols were applied to the soil surface as an innovative solution for the recovery of burned areas by controlled fire in the Montesinho Natural Park, NE Portugal. The effects of applying the Technosols over a period of 27 months on the soil's physical (permeability, density, field capacity, maximum water capacity, aggregate stability) and chemical (organic matter, nitrogen, extractable phosphorus, and potassium, pH) properties were studied. For this purpose, two sampling areas were established, with and without the application of Technosols. One transects was defined in each sampling area, and four points were selected in each transect where soil samples were taken at depths of 0-3, 3-6, 6-10, and 10-20 cm. Samples of Technosols were also collected and applied to the surface (average thickness of 5 cm). The results indicate that the application of Technosols significantly improved some of the soil's physical and chemical properties, favoring water retention and reducing soil acidity. The organic matter content and levels of extractable phosphorus and potassium were higher in the areas treated with Technosols, which contributed to greater fertility and plant support capacity. There was also an improvement in soil structure, with a reduction in bulk density and an increase in porosity, allowing for better water infiltration and aeration. Overall, the application of Technosols proved to be effective in recovering from the impacts of fire on the soil.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Palavras-chave
Parque Natural de Montesinho Fogo controlado Tecnossolos Propriedadeds do solo Recuperação de áreas ardidas