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Abstract(s)
A artroplastia do joelho é um procedimento essencial para restaurar a funcionalidade em pacientes com desgaste avançado da articulação. Este estudo realiza uma análise numérica e biomecânica de uma prótese de joelho de revisão, projetada especificamente apresentam complicações, como desgaste excessivo ou instabilidade. As próteses de revisão são concebidas para oferecer maior estabilidade e durabilidade em comparação com as próteses primárias, sendo especialmente indicadas para pacientes com maior exigência funcional ou desgaste ósseo. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o desempenho estrutural da prótese de revisão sob diferentes ângulos de carga, simulando condições que representem o uso quotidiano e
atividades de maior exigência biomecânica. Utilizando o método dos elementos finitos no software Ansys, foi analisado o comportamento do conjunto prótese-osso, com o componente femoral em Ti-6Al-4V, o componente de polietileno em UHMWPE e osso cortical para simular a estrutura óssea. As simulações avaliaram o deslocamento total, as tensões equivalentes de von Mises e as tensões de corte na prótese, considerando cargas aplicadas em ângulos de 0°, 10° e 20°. Os resultados indicaram que ângulos e cargas mais elevados provocaram um aumento nas tensões e nos deslocamentos, destacando os pontos de maior esforço na prótese durante o uso.
Conclui-se que a prótese de revisão estudada apresenta um desempenho estrutural adequado e seguro nas condições simuladas, sugerindo a sua aplicabilidade em artroplastias de joelho de revisão, com potencial para suportar cargas e movimentos típicos de um uso prolongado e repetitivo.
Knee arthroplasty is an essential procedure to restore functionality in patients with advanced joint wear. This study performs a numerical and biomechanical analysis of a revision knee prosthesis designed specifically for cases where previous replacements have failed or have complications such as excessive wear or instability. Revision prostheses are designed to offer greater stability and durability compared to primary prostheses and are especially indicated for patients with greater functional demands or bone wear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structural performance of the revision prosthesis under different load angles, simulating conditions that represent everyday use and activities with greater biomechanical demand. Using the finite element method in the Ansys software, the behavior of the prosthesis-bone assembly was analyzed, with the femoral component in Ti-6Al-4V, the polyethylene component in UHMWPE and cortical bone to simulate the bone structure. The simulations evaluated the total displacement, von Mises equivalent stresses and shear stresses in the prosthesis, considering loads applied at angles of 0°, 10° and 20°. The results indicated that higher angles and loads caused an increase in tensions and displacements, highlighting the points of greatest stress on the prosthesis during use. It is concluded that the revision prosthesis studied presents adequate and safe structural performance under simulated conditions, suggesting its applicability in revision knee arthroplasties, with the potential to withstand loads and movements typical of prolonged and repetitive use.
Knee arthroplasty is an essential procedure to restore functionality in patients with advanced joint wear. This study performs a numerical and biomechanical analysis of a revision knee prosthesis designed specifically for cases where previous replacements have failed or have complications such as excessive wear or instability. Revision prostheses are designed to offer greater stability and durability compared to primary prostheses and are especially indicated for patients with greater functional demands or bone wear. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structural performance of the revision prosthesis under different load angles, simulating conditions that represent everyday use and activities with greater biomechanical demand. Using the finite element method in the Ansys software, the behavior of the prosthesis-bone assembly was analyzed, with the femoral component in Ti-6Al-4V, the polyethylene component in UHMWPE and cortical bone to simulate the bone structure. The simulations evaluated the total displacement, von Mises equivalent stresses and shear stresses in the prosthesis, considering loads applied at angles of 0°, 10° and 20°. The results indicated that higher angles and loads caused an increase in tensions and displacements, highlighting the points of greatest stress on the prosthesis during use. It is concluded that the revision prosthesis studied presents adequate and safe structural performance under simulated conditions, suggesting its applicability in revision knee arthroplasties, with the potential to withstand loads and movements typical of prolonged and repetitive use.
Description
Keywords
Biomecânica do joelho Artroplastia total do joelho Prótese de revisão Método dos elementos finitos