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Higher education dropout and economic consequences: A literature review
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Higher education represents a crucial life decision, demanding substantial commitment from students. The widespread dropout issue in higher education carries significant consequences for individuals and the education system. Dropout in higher education, including at the master's level, remains a complex and pertinent subject examined since Tinto's pioneering studies in 1975. Highlighting the multifaceted nature of higher education abandonment, many factors interact in intricate ways. Deciding to discontinue an educational program involves a protracted and intricate process where diverse challenges converge, and departing seems inevitable. The multidimensional causes of school failure, spanning psychological, social, economic, psycho-pedagogical, institutional, and pedagogical factors, require examination to develop preventive measures within higher education institutions (HEI). In 2021, approximately 18.5 million students pursued higher education in the European Union, with 28% at the master's level. A sizeable portion of these students is expected to face challenges in successfully completing their academic degrees. While numerous studies explore academic failure in higher education, the emphasis often leans toward the undergraduate level, overlooking master's level programs. The increasing enrolment in postgraduate programs underscores the importance of addressing dropout at this level. When students abandon their undergraduate studies, they face economic and psychological repercussions, impacting personal well-being and professional expectations. The failure to graduate from a master's program also results in various consequences, hindering career advancement, promotions, and financial returns on the student's investment. This process represents a loss of the opportunity to obtain a student degree and operational inefficiencies for institutions, as resources remain underutilized. Globally, student dropout challenges higher education systems, affecting resource utilization, talent loss, and long-term societal benefits. This paper reviews current knowledge on determinants potentiating students’ leaving and the economic consequences at individual, institutional, and regional levels. Understanding these factors is crucial for developing targeted strategies to mitigate dropout rates and enhance the overall effectiveness of higher education systems.
Descrição
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Higher education Economic effects Dropout Attrition
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Fernandes, J. (2024). Higher education dropout and economic consequences: A literature review. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN24). ISSN 2340-1117. p. 1105-1112