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The interrelation between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) and transparency: a bibliometric analysis

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Sustainability has been a central issue in recent decades, leading to the formal integration of the environmental, social and governance (ESG) dimensions by the United Nations in 2004. Although ‘CSR’, ‘sustainability’ and ‘ESG’ are often used interchangeably, ESG provides criteria for assessing sustainability progress. Transparent disclosure of ESG information is crucial to attracting investment and building trust, despite challenges such as gaming and greenwashing. In this context, this paper aims to analyse the evolution of research on ESG and transparency and identify trends. The study reveals an exponential publication growth using a bibliometric analysis of 497 articles from the SCOPUS database between 2011 and 2025. Europe and China lead the way in publications, influenced by EU regulations and international pressures/domestic standards. There is strong collaboration between the US, Europe, and China about academic production.

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ESG Transparency Global Trends

Contexto Educativo

Citação

Cardoso, Celso Araújo; Moutinho, Nuno; Scalabrini, Elaine C.B. (2025). The interrelation between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) and transparency: a bibliometric analysis. In IX Regional Helix'25 - Transforming regions through innovation, sustainability and collaboration. p. 48-51. DOI: 10.34620/978-972-745-355-9

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