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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O processo de impressão 3D, atualmente, vem sendo muito utilizada, pois sua versatilidade permite que essa tecnologia seja aplicada em diversos setores. A correta seleção dos parâmetros de impressão 3D é muito importante para que se tenha uma boa qualidade no produto final, garantindo uma boa eficiência no processo. O objetivo deste trabalho é otimizar os parâmetros de impressão 3D, de dois materiais, PLA e PETG, para uma determinada qualidade final. Neste trabalho os parâmetros analisados foram a porcentagem de preenchimento, a espessura de camada, a temperatura de impressão e o tipo de preenchimento. As características estudadas foram as tensões de tração e de flexão. Para esta otimização foram utilizados três métodos. O método de Taguchi para a seleção das matrizes ortogonais que
possibilitam o estudo dos fatores escolhidos com um número reduzido de experimentos, diminuindo tanto o custo quanto o tempo necessário para a realização dos testes. Para este trabalho, foi utilizada a matriz L16, com quatro parâmetros de dois níveis cada. O segundo método utilizado foi a Análise Relacional de Grey, que combina o resultado de várias respostas, neste caso, foram as respostas para os ensaios de tração e de flexão, em apenas um único valor, que é o Grau Relacional de Grey. Por último, foi utilizado o método de Análise de Variância (ANOVA) para avaliar a porcentagem de influência de cada parâmetro nos resultados. A
combinação ideal obtida para as análises realizadas foi: porcentagem de preenchimento 100%, temperatura de impressão 215 ºC, espessura de camada de 0,1 mm e tipo de preenchimento zigue-zague para o PLA, e para o PETG a combinação foi a de porcentagem de preenchimento 100%, temperatura de impressão 235 ºC, espessura de camada de 0,1 mm e tipo de preenchimento zigue-zague. As amostras que possuíam essa combinação de parâmetros possuíam o valor de Grau Relacional de Grey 54,84% maior do que a média, para o PLA, e 66,75%, para o PETG.
The 3D printing process, currently, has been widely used, because its versatility allows this technology to be applied in several sectors. The correct selection of 3D printing parameters is very important to have a good quality in the final product, ensuring good efficiency in the process. The objective of this work is to optimize the 3D printing parameters of two materials, PLA and PETG, for a certain final quality. In this work the parameters analyzed were the percentage of filling, the layer thickness, the printing temperature and the type of filling. The characteristics studied were the tensile and bending stresses. For this optimization, three methods were used. The Taguchi method for the selection of orthogonal matrices that allow the study of the factors chosen with a reduced number of experiments, reducing both the cost and the time required to perform the tests. For this work, the matrix L16 was used, with four parameters of two levels each. The second method used was the Grey Relational Analysis, which combines the result of several responses, in this case were the responses to the tensile and bending tests, in only one value, which is the Grey Relational Degree. Finally, the method of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the percentage of influence of each parameter in the results. The ideal combination obtained for the analyzes was: percentage of 100% filling, printing temperature 215 ºC, layer thickness of 0.1 mm and type of zig-zag filling for the PLA, and for the PETG the combination was the percentage of 100% filling, Printing temperature 235 ºC, layer thickness of 0.1 mm and type of zig-zag filling. The samples that had this combination of parameters had the value of Relational Degree of Grey 54.84% higher than the average for PLA and 66.75% for PETG.
The 3D printing process, currently, has been widely used, because its versatility allows this technology to be applied in several sectors. The correct selection of 3D printing parameters is very important to have a good quality in the final product, ensuring good efficiency in the process. The objective of this work is to optimize the 3D printing parameters of two materials, PLA and PETG, for a certain final quality. In this work the parameters analyzed were the percentage of filling, the layer thickness, the printing temperature and the type of filling. The characteristics studied were the tensile and bending stresses. For this optimization, three methods were used. The Taguchi method for the selection of orthogonal matrices that allow the study of the factors chosen with a reduced number of experiments, reducing both the cost and the time required to perform the tests. For this work, the matrix L16 was used, with four parameters of two levels each. The second method used was the Grey Relational Analysis, which combines the result of several responses, in this case were the responses to the tensile and bending tests, in only one value, which is the Grey Relational Degree. Finally, the method of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the percentage of influence of each parameter in the results. The ideal combination obtained for the analyzes was: percentage of 100% filling, printing temperature 215 ºC, layer thickness of 0.1 mm and type of zig-zag filling for the PLA, and for the PETG the combination was the percentage of 100% filling, Printing temperature 235 ºC, layer thickness of 0.1 mm and type of zig-zag filling. The samples that had this combination of parameters had the value of Relational Degree of Grey 54.84% higher than the average for PLA and 66.75% for PETG.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com o Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais – CEFET
Keywords
3D printing PLA PETG Taguchi Grey ANOVA