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- Academic entrepreneurship framework: the best practices of Bragança Polytechnic InstitutePublication . Pires, José Adriano; Fernandes, Paula Odete; Sampaio, Jorge Humberto; Lopes, JoanaAcademics in the fields of entrepreneurship and innovation studies have long been interested in the entrepreneurial behaviour of Higher Education researchers and Higher Education Institutions entrepreneurial activities more generally (Chrisman et al., 1995; Stuart & Ding, 2006; Rothaermel et al., 2007). Some academics are in agreement that the contribution of academic researchers in business activities solves some imperfections in the transmission of knowledge, and motivates researchers to undertake projects with greater economic and social relevance (Gittelman & Kogut, 2003; Etzkowitz, 2004).
- Evolução do negócio electrónico em Portugal - as grandes empresasPublication . Morais, Elisabete Paulo; Pires, José Adriano; Gonçalves, Ramiro ManuelSendo o Negócio Electrónico uma realidade dos nossos dias, apresentamos um estudo realizado junto das 1000 maiores empresas a laborar em Portugal (segundo o volume de negócios), com o objectivo de identificar qual a evolução do Negócio Electrónico destas desde o ano de 2005 até ao ano de 2007. Foi desenvolvido um questionário no qual foi utilizado um modelo de maturidade do Negócio Electrónico (SOGe – Stages Of Growth for E-Business), modelo este utilizado em estudos similares. Apresentamos também a evolução da maturidade por determinados sectores de actividade. No entanto, esta análise é uma análise meramente descritiva dos dados, uma vez que para uma análise mais conclusiva por sector de actividade provavelmente o estudo deveria ser conduzido doutro modo.
- Constrains associated to e-business evolutionPublication . Morais, Elisabete Paulo; Pires, José Adriano; Gonçalves, ElisabeteTechnological advance of the last decades created an atmosphere in which the organizations are forced to look actively for new options for the cost reduction, in addition to, simultaneously, seeking to compete more effectively in their markets. This context requires focused, swift, more flexible and more competitive organizations which are forced, many times, to implement radical changes in the way they conduct business, employ people and use technology. Despite the recognition and the attention given to electronic business (or e-business) over the last years, this type of business hasn’t yet achieved a desirable maturity stage. This problem, current and stated over the last years, demands research efforts so that a solution can be found to solve it. In this chapter, the authors explore a range of constraints which are suggested by the literature to influence e-business evolution, so that organizations could be better equipped in anticipating any difficulties while in progress through their e-business initiatives.
- Metamorphosis: um referencial para o comércio electrónicoPublication . Pires, José AdrianoA afirmação gradual da sociedade da informação é um processo irreversível. As motivações, de ordem social e tecnológica, que estiveram na génese da sociedade da informação alastram-se, agora, a outros paradigmas. Os domínios organizacionais e sociais são, também eles, um alvo privilegiado da sociedade da informação, cujas consequências se traduzem no reconhecimento de uma nova forma comercial, denominada Comércio Electrónico. O Comércio Electrónico reclama uma revisão profunda das teorias, modelos, conceitos e atitudes comerciais. A revisão da actividade comercial, à luz das novas possibilidades e oportunidades da tecnologia carece de um referencial inovador, que não atenda exclusivamente aos aspectos de ordem tecnológica, mas que possibilite uma visão integrada deste mesmo paradigma com os aspectos de carácter social, organizacional e comercial. A ausência de ferramentas “Conceptuais” de suporte à concretização da actividade de comércio electrónico motivou a concepção de um referencial, denominado Metamorphosis. No âmbito do referencial deve destacar-se, de entre outros contributos, a proposta de uma arquitectura e respectivos modelos de ordem orgânica, funcional e tecnológica, a partir dos quais foi possível proceder à elaboração de um protótipo de comércio electrónico. A realização de um caso de estudo “RuralNet”, desenvolvido e testado no ambiente real de negócio, permitiu que se analisassem e avaliassem, em contexto, as possibilidades e potencialidades tecnológicas, constituindo, assim, uma mais valia, tendo em vista o enriquecimento do conhecimento científico nos domínios dos sistemas de informação e a validação das construções propostas no âmbito do referencial Metamorphosis. The gradual affirmation of the information society is an irreversible process. The social and technological motivations which were in the genesis of the information society are now extended to other paradigms. The social and organizational domains are themselves a main target of the information society, whose consequences originate the recognition of a new commercial way, known as Electronic Commerce. The Electronic Commerce claims for itself a deep revision of the theories, models, concepts and commercial attitudes. As far as new technological possibilities and opportunities are concerned, the revision of commercial activity needs an innovator reference , which not only deals with technological aspects but also with an integrated vision of this own paradigm with social, organizational and commercial aspects. The absence of the needed “conceptual” tools to the realization of the Electronic Commerce activity has caused the conception of a referential, named Metamorphosis. As far as the referential is concerned, we must emphasize, among other contributes, the proposal of an architecture and respective models of organic, functional, and technologic order, which were in the basis of the elaboration of an Electronic Commerce prototype. The realization of a case study ”RuralNet”, developed and tested in a real management environment allowed the analysis and evaluation, in context, of the possibilities of the technological potentialities reinforcing the scientific knowledge in the information systems domains and the validation of the proposed constructions as far as Metamorphosis is concerned.
- The innovation-driven economies and entrepreneurial activity through a cluster analysisPublication . Pires, José Adriano; Fernandes, Paula Odete; Lopes, JoanaA main aspect of Entrepreneurial activity is the extent to which people in a population are creating new business activity, both in absolute terms and relative to other economic activities, such as business closure. Within the realm of new business activity, different types of entrepreneurial activity can be distinguished. For example, business creation may vary by industry sector, by the size of the founding team, and by whether the new venture is legally independent of other businesses, and in terms of founder demographics, such as gender, age, or education (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, 2009). Therefore this article selects the 20 countries; classified as Innovation-Driven Economies, from 2009 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. By using the Entrepreneurial Activity key indicators and applying the cluster hierarchical analysis techniqu e, two clusters were found to measure differences and preliminary results show a clear measure differ ences in the level of entrepreneurial activity among countries. And according this is possible to identify policies that may enhance the national level of entrepreneurial activity in those countries.
- E-business maturity: constraints associated with their evolutionPublication . Morais, Elisabete Paulo; Pires, José Adriano; Gonçalves, Ramiro ManuelTo compete effectively in the e-business world, an organization must structurally transform its internal foundation. This structural change requires an organization to develop an innovative e-business strategy, focusing on speed to market and breakthrough execution. Despite the recognition and care that in recent years has been dedicated to e-business, there remains a need for continuing research efforts that seek to better understand constraints on the evolution of an organization to a state that can take advantage of e-business possibilities. There is a special need for this when considering small and medium enterprises, or businesses in developing countries. To minimize risk exposure from e-business initiatives, it is imperative for an organization to identify potential constraints on e-business evolution. In this setting,we develop a research model that involves e-business constraints and e-business maturity. We classify the constraints into the categories of environment constraints, organizational constraints, and technological constraints. Our results indicate that there are constraints that can be more or less problematic, depending on the stage of maturity. The results are also quite different in large organizations versus Small and Medium Enterprises.
- Broadband access technologies evaluation tool (BATET)Publication . Pereira, João Paulo; Pires, José AdrianoThe goal of this paper is to identify all the essential costs of building broadband access networks, and then to perform a comparison of different technologies in various scenarios. Different market segments (Scenarios) have different geographical characteristics and will require different amounts of access bandwidth. These different market segments will be served by alternative access technologies that minimize overall costs. In order to do this, we have developed a model framework and a evaluation tool. To measure the attractiveness of the several broadband access technologies, the proposal tool compares the costs, revenues, NPV, IRR, payback periods, etc. for three scenarios. The paper presents a techno-economic analysis of eight broadband technologies for access networks: digital subscriber line (DSL), hybrid fiber coax (HFC), power line communications (PLC), fiber to the home (FTTH), fiber to the curb (FTTC), fiber to the cabinet (FTTCab), and wireless alternatives such as WiMAX and satellite.
- Collaborative learning activities supported by intelligent agentsPublication . Alves, Paulo; Amaral, Luís; Pires, José AdrianoThe changes introduced by the Bologna Process in the educational paradigm, moving from a lecturer centered paradigm to a learner centered paradigm, involves a more supported learning process based on learning outcomes and the adoption of new pedagogical methodologies. To improve the learning process and facilitate the student support, we propose the adoption of intelligent agents in learning environments, with the mission to follow closely the student in their learning activities, coaching, advertising for difficulties, adapting the context to the learner profile, and making a connection between the student and the lecturer. The adoption of artificial intelligence in education has the goal to improve the learning process adapting the contents and the learning environment to the student profile. The student profile is based on her learning style, learning needs, goals and choices.
- Integração de agentes tutor em intranets educacionaisPublication . Alves, Paulo; Amaral, Luís; Pires, José AdrianoAs Intranets têm assumido uma importância crescente nas instituições de ensino superior nos últimos anos. A necessidade de integração de diversos sistemas de informação e a gestão central das instituições são os factores fundamentais da sua adopção. Neste artigo propõe-se um novo tipo de Intranets, as Intranets educacionais, que apresentam características de acordo com as necessidades das instituições de ensino superior. Estas aliam a integração de serviços e gestão central da informação à disponibilização de serviços de e-learning, interagindo com as componentes académicas e administrativas da instituição. Tendo por base os resultados da utilização das plataformas de e-learning, verifica-se que estas tecnologias estão a ser usadas no ensino superior como meros repositórios de conteúdos não estruturados, não existindo nenhuma mudança nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem. Com o objectivo de mudar esta situação, é apresentada uma estratégia que integra agentes tutor em Intranets educacionais, dando um maior apoio ao aluno no processo de aprendizagem.
- The role of learning styles in intelligent tutoring systemsPublication . Alves, Paulo; Pires, José Adriano; Amaral, LuísThe Bologna Process changes the educational paradigm, to be focus on the student and in the learning outcomes. The majority of e-learning platforms are used as mere repositories of content, based on the classroom paradigm and don’t support the individualism of each student learning process. Through the integration of new pedagogical methodologies based on students learning styles, we present an approach to intelligent tutoring systems in order to improve the learning process. This article is focused on the importance of learning styles to create the student model in intelligent tutoring systems and what was the student’s feedback about the adaptation of the system to each learning experience.