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- Key issues in implementing destination management systemsPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Costa, Carlos Manuel Martins da; Pacheco, Osvaldo RochaDestination management systems have been referred in recent years as the ICT infrastructure of a destination management organization (World Tourism Organization, 2001). It is not yet clear on literature what are the success factors underlying the implementation of these systems and if traditionally the destination management systems have failed to achieve the initially expected benefits (Buhalis & Spada, 2000) today some successful cases can be identified (Buhalis & Egger, 2008). The present study aims to present the conceptual framework of an investigation intended to define the main factors behind the success of these systems. The research model is based on the assumption that these success factors fit in three spheres of action: the dynamics of the system implementation within a destination management organization, the very specific features of those destination management systems and the organizational environment in the destination.
- A rotação de pessoal e a gestão de recursos humanos na hotelaria: o caso da região do Porto e norte de PortugalPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Machado, CarolinaA gestão das empresas do sector turístico, nomeadamente a hotelaria, enfrenta o problema de assegurar uma performance superior por parte dos seus Recursos Humanos, muitas vezes recrutados por uma época, tradicionalmente mal pagos e sujeitos a uma elevada taxa de rotação de pessoal. Face a esta problemática, o presente trabalho pretende abordar a dimensão que a rotação de pessoal tem para as organizações do sector hoteleiro da região do Porto e Norte de Portugal, e ainda, avaliar até que ponto esta se relaciona ou não com a existência de efectivas práticas de gestão de recursos humanos. São colocadas duas hipóteses que permitem concluir acerca da forma como práticas efectivas de recursos humanos estão correlacionadas com a rotatividade, bem como, de que forma a dimensão da unidade hoteleira explica a existência /inexistência de práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos.
- A gestão de recursos humanos no sector hoteleiro da região do Porto e norte de PortugalPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Machado, CarolinaO presente trabalho pretende abordar a importância que os RH têm para as organizações do sector hoteleiro da região do Porto e Norte de Portugal. Pretende-se avaliar a existência / inexistência de práticas efectivas de GRH, bem como as mudanças que os líderes do sector esperam implementar nas organizações futuramente. Estudaram-se cinco áreas chave da GRH: organização / estratégia, recrutamento / selecção, formação / desenvolvimento, desempenho, e remunerações/ incentivos. Foram colocadas duas hipóteses que permitem concluir acerca da consciência que os hoteleiros têm sobre o papel que os RH desempenham, bem como saber se a dimensão da unidade hoteleira explica a existência /inexistência de práticas de GRH.
- O valor dos activos intangíveis e o capital intelectualPublication . Martins, Catarina AntóniaVivemos numa era onde o domínio do conhecimento e a informação constituem a base de sucesso das empresas. As pessoas são, hoje em dia, o activo mais importante de uma empresa, assim como o é, o trabalho e os processos que desenvolvem, o que em última análise constitui o conhecimento da empresa, representado pelas suas patentes, bases de dados, processos práticos, sistemas de informação, etc. Como denominar, quantificar e contabilizar estes elementos? Como explicar, que no final de 1997 os activos da Microsoft fossem apenas 6% do seu valor de mercado e que os da Coca-Cola fossem ainda menos - 4%? O que é, e como se gera esse enorme “valor escondido”? Surge a noção de Capital Intelectual como sendo tudo aquilo que existe na empresa e lhe confere vantagem competitiva. Este é progressivamente o activo mais importante e o recurso produtivo mais valioso das empresas. No entanto, a contabilidade continua a centrar-se exclusivamente no capital físico e financeiro quantificável. Nos últimos anos têm surgido inúmeros estudos relativos ao capital intelectual gerado pelas empresas, as quais desenvolvem as suas actividades num meio onde são os valores de caracter imaterial aqueles que produzem fontes de vantagens competitivas e o que diferencia as empresas umas das outras. É fundamental que a Contabilidade reconheça esta informação e a possa disponibilizar aos accionistas, investidores e actores sociais interessados em informação útil que traduza a realidade da empresa. A crescente importância e o crescente investimento em activos intangíveis aumentou significativamente nas últimas duas décadas. Isto, levou o International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) a desenvolver estudos durante anos para poder apresentar uma Norma Internacional de Contabilidade sobre activos intangíveis. Neste trabalho será feita uma breve apresentação desta norma, no sentido de avaliar as últimas orientações do IASC relativamente à contabilização de activos intangíveis. O objectivo final é tentar apresentar os domínios dos intangíveis já tratados por esta norma e, de seguida, expor alguns modelos de valorização e apresentação de bens intangíveis sobre os quais não há ainda qualquer indicação quanto à sua contabilização.
- Key factors for implementation and success of destination management systems. Empirical evidence from European countriesPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Carneiro, Maria João Aibéo; Pacheco, Osvaldo RochaPurpose – Destination management organizations perform a very important role regarding the management of tourism destinations. Destination management systems are a key technological infrastructure for these organizations. However, in the literature, it is not clear what are the factors that promote the implementation of these systems, neither what are the factors that contribute to their success. This study aims to propose and test two research models to overcome these research gaps. Design/methodology/approach – The first model refers to the determinants of the implementation of destination management systems, and the second model refers to the determinants of the success of those systems. The models are tested with data collected through a questionnaire survey from destination management organizations of five European countries, which are among the leaders in international tourism receipts. Findings – Concerning the factors that promote the implementation of destination management systems, this study reveals the importance of the diversity of partnerships that the private sector establishes in the destination, of advantages resulting from governance and of partners’ involvement in the functions of destination management organizations. Concerning the factors that promote the success of these systems, this study highlights the importance of a phased implementation, the fact that a high number of functionalities in the system prevents success and the importance of having a revenue model that can support financial and operating costs. Originality/value – The study provides important theoretical and practical contributions to the successful implementation of destination management systems by destination management organizations.
- International Tourism Congress 2023: book of extended abstractsPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia (Ed.); Martins, Márcio Ribeiro (Ed.); Pais, Clarisse (Ed.); Silva, Elisabete Mendes (Ed.)These extended abstract proceedings were produced based on the programme of the 15th edition of the ITC’23 International Tourism Congress held at the School of Public Management, Communication and Tourism of Polytechnic University of Bragança (IPB) between the 23rd and 25th of November, 2023. The conference was organised in cooperation with CITUR (Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation) and UNIAG (Applied Management Research Unit) and was focussed on the “Image and Sustainability of Tourism Destinations”. ITC’23 was an excellent forum for academics, master and doctoral students to present and discuss national and international experiences on sustainability and development of tourism destinations. Debating sustainability and the image of tourism destinations was an opportunity to discuss the main topics of today’s tourism trends. As we can see from the themes analysed in the extended abstracts presented here, the congress brought together researchers in the different fields of sustainability of travel and tourism that shared and applied the best tourism practices. The conference was organised in 4 plenary sessions with 4 keynote speakers and 18 parallel sessions with a total of 106 presentations from several countries. A research symposium was also organised to support early career researchers and PhD students, through the process of doing research in the field of tourism. It was held on the 23rd of November and participants had the opportunity to discuss with Professor Levent Altinay, in the scope of the most recent topics, trends and methodologies on tourism research. All accepted extended abstracts presented in ITC’23 were double-blind reviewed and are now being published in this book of proceedings. All the participants also had the chance to engage with various stakeholders, such as academics, tourism businesses and the heads of regional and national tourism organisations. The organisation of the congress was very well received by the region's stakeholders, confirmed by the numerous sponsorships obtained, and it was also covered and promoted by the local, regional and national media. The organisation of this Congress would not have been possible without the involvement, commitment and dedication of a vast number of people. We would like to express our most sincere gratitude to the members of the organising committee, to the keynote speakers, to the session chairs, to the members of the scientific committee and to the members of the conference review panel. The third-year tourism students also deserve praise for their excellent work during the days of the congress. Thank you very much. See you at the 16th edition of ITC'24 in Cape Verde!
- A gestão de recursos humanos e as especificidades do mercado de trabalho no sector hoteleiro. A região norte de PortugalPublication . Martins, Catarina AntóniaAs pessoas são, hoje em dia, o activo mais importante de uma empresa, assim como o é, o trabalho e os processos que desenvolvem. Esta é uma realidade para a qual as empresas hoteleiras têm que estar conscientes pois trata-se de um sector baseado em mão-de-obra intensiva, de cuja qualidade depende a obtenção de vantagens competitivas sustentáveis. O conceito de Gestão de Recursos Humanos constitui a abordagem mais eficaz e produtiva na gestão destes activos preciosos. O objectivo da presente investigação, com base numa extensa revisão bibliográfica, é analisar as especificidades do trabalho no sector hoteleiro, bem como discutir a importância da colocação em prática da gestão de recursos humanos nas empresas do sector. Em termos empíricos a investigação centra-se na região do Porto e Norte de Portugal e tem como base a aplicação de um questionário endereçado aos directores de todas as unidades hoteleiras da referida região. Os dados foram recolhidos e analisados tendo em conta cinco tópicos principais: organização e estratégia; recrutamento e selecção; formação e desenvolvimento; desempenho; remunerações e incentivos. As conclusões permitem avaliar o longo caminho que falta percorrer no que diz respeito à implementação efectiva das práticas de gestão de recursos humanos. Os recursos humanos não são ainda vistos como um factor estratégico de negócio no processo de planeamento de médio e longo prazo. Para além disso, os gestores hoteleiros parecem não saber responder a questões acerca do futuro, sobretudo no que diz respeito à aplicação de estratégias de retenção de recursos humanos. The concept of Human Resource Management is the most effective and productive approach to managing organisation’s key assets, its people. It is also vital to the comprehension of human behaviour complexity. The aim of this study is to discuss how human resources play a major role in hospitality industry and, given the working conditions, also explain how important Human Resource Management practices can be. The study focuses on the region of Oporto and the Northern Portugal, in an survey where the general managers of all hotels of that area responded to a questionnaire. Significant results were obtained in five major topics: organization and strategy; recruitment and staffing; training and development; performance; reward an recognition. The conclusions reached suggest that hospitality industries have a long way to go in implementing the right human resources practices. Major findings indicate that there is room for improvement in what concerns considering “People” a strategic issue in the long-range planning process. Besides hospitality managers don’t seem to know how to answer questions about the future, specially in what concerns the best strategies for human resources retention.
- O contributo do turismo para o desenvolvimento das regiõesPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Morais, AntóniaO turismo é uma atividade económica que cada vez mais surge como aposta essencial para o desenvolvimento das regiões. O presente trabalho resulta de uma extensa revisão da literatura que pretende essencialmente identificar quais os fatores que estão na base do desenvolvimento de uma região no que ao turismo diz respeito, designadamente, a atração de investimento externo para a região, a organização em rede e o estabelecimento de parcerias, a criação de produtos-território assentes em clusters para o turismo, a governância das redes e das instituições envolvidas no planeamento local e a importância dos critérios económicos. Discute-se ainda a dicotomia desenvolvimento versus crescimento e apresenta-se uma reflexão teórica em torno da importância do turismo sustentável no desenvolvimento das regiões.
- Determinants of environmental certification in Portuguese hotel companiesPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Alves, Jorge; Silva, AnitaThere are many responsible business and investment initiatives in the field of environmental performance, and among these, certification is a targeted mechanism. In this work, we intend to study the determinants of environmental certification of hotel companies, analysing the Portuguese case. The empirical study considers hotel companies established in Portugal that may operate one or more hotel units. The information retrieved from the Portuguese National Tourism Registry and Iberian Balance Sheet Analysis System database was coded, and a database was built in the SAS software. Variable and data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, variable correlations, and the Tobit regression model. The results indicate that affiliation to a brand, hotel classification and hotel size are factors that explain environmental certification, but the return on sales was not statistically significant in this study. These results are important to understanding the determinants of environmental certification in hotel companies since, as a topic of research, it has had little attention prior to the study for the Portuguese case, thus reinforcing the importance of this research. The study also reveals the restricted sample of hotel companies with environmental certification in Portugal, which did not allow computing other study variables that would improve the empirical work.
- Cultural tourism in the Northern East region of PortugalPublication . Martins, Catarina Antónia; Esteves, Elsa Tavares; Carvalho, AidaNowadays tourists have changed their values particularly in what concerns the environment and different cultures. The old mass tourism has given place to a new tourism where changing values are generating demand for a more environmentally conscious and nature-oriented holidays. Sun and beach resorts which have for long been one of the main attractions for tourists start to be replaced for other destinations such as rural areas where natural environment is still intact. Also the new tourist wishes to run away from everyday life and look for new cultural environments, in order to explore new values, and new ways of living. Cultural motivations turn into enrichment in what education is concerned through the participation in cultural events, such as festivals, theatre, music, museums, etc. or through visiting destinations rich in history, costumes and traditions which , in fact, attract the cultural tourist. The northern east region of Portugal near the border with Spain still owns a rich natural, historic and cultural patrimony which is the base to promote tourism activity. The proximity with Spain makes this country as the first market coming to the region not always as a tourist but also as a one day visitant. A research project was conducted in 2002 aiming to characterise the supply and demand in the tourism sector in the northern east region of Portugal and also to find what were the motivations and expectations of the tourist coming to this region. The research was held in August and September and a survey was applied both to national and foreign tourists from a sample considered significant. In what the demand is concerned the following features were inquired, among others: type of tourist consumer, motivations, touristic products that were more satisfying and dissatisfying and the likelihood to return and to recommend the regions to others. The research allowed to conclude that the first motivation for tourists who visit the region for the first time is a cultural one- meet new places, new people and other ways of living. The first motivation for people that came to the region for the second time or more is the nature and landscape of this region followed by the gastronomy as the second motivation. Moreover the tourist who came for the second time or more refer the hospitality and sympathy of the people of the region as one of the main reason to return.. The aim of the present study is to launch another research based on the first one, trying to explore these first results with the purpose of assessing how those motivations are related to cultural tourism and how the proximity of the border influences cultural tourism. The survey was conducted in the summer months trying to identify the main characteristics of tourists coming to the northern east region focusing on those who come for cultural purposes. This second research project will also allow us to conclude from those who came for cultural purposes what measures could be undertaken to promote cultural tourism and to take the best advantage of this region location.
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