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- Efeitos da fisioterapia na função pélvica e qualidade de vida em mulheres com incontinência urinária – uma revisão sistemáticaPublication . Matos, Elisabete; Pires, T; Santos, Fátima; Pires, Patrícia Maria Rodrigues Pereira; Viana, Sara; Viana, RuiIn recent years, pelvic floor physiotherapy, namely pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) has shown a high importance in women with urinary incontinence (UI), optimizing pelvic function and quality of life (QoL). Objective: Evaluate the effects of pelvic floor physiotherapy on pelvic function and QoL in women with UI. Methods: Computerized search in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using the combination of keywords: Physiotherapy; Urinary Incontinence; QoL,in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The methodological quality was analysed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Results: Nineteen articles meeting the eligibility criteria were included with a total of 2253 participants and an arithmetic mean of 8.4/10 on the PEDro scale. PFMT interventions showed positive effects on QoL, as well as in decreasing involuntary urine loss and increasing pelvic floor muscle strength. In addition, PFMT combined with biofeedback, electrotherapy or Pilates training seemed to reveal significant effects. Conclusions: PFMT is an effective treatment for UI in women. PFMT significantly improves QoL in women with UI, a determinant factor for physical, mental, and social conditions.
- Relation between covid-19 infection and vaccine and menstrual cycle changes of portuguese adolescents in higher educationPublication . Anastácio, Zélia; Fernandes, Sara Cerejeira; Alves, Regina; Antão, Celeste; Carvalho, Paula; Ferreira, Silvana Margarida Benevides; Condessa, Maria Isabel CabritaIn a period globally known as long COVID, several post-acute infection sequelae and vaccination effects have been discussed. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the effects of COVID-19 infection and vaccines on the menstrual cycle of adolescents attending higher education and to verify the association between personal health factors and changes in their menstrual cycle after contact with the virus SARS-CoV-2 via infection or via the vaccine. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire for data collection, applied online to Portuguese higher education adolescents aged between 18 and 24. The sample included 401 individuals. The statistical analysis of data was performed using SPSS. Results: More than half of the sample had a COVID-19 infection only once and took two doses of the vaccine. The mRNA Comirnaty 30 μg BioNTech vaccine was administered to 73.1%. The most common menstrual changes were an increase in blood clots, the blood becoming darker, shorter menstrual cycles, scarcer blood flow, and more irregular cycles. Menstrual changes correlated significantly with vaccination but not with infection. Conclusions: This study showed a lower percentage of women affected than other studies carried out closer to the pandemic period, which could mean that the effects are diminishing over time. Thus, adolescents’ menstrual health should be monitored.
- Psychological impact of the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic in university students: a systematic reviewPublication . Ala, Sílvia Maria Fernandes; Campos, Francisco Ramos; Relva, Inês CarvalhoThe objective of this research is to point out studies that describe variables that are associated with the impact of contingency measures resulting from the pandemic on the mental health of university students. A systematic review was carried out, following the PRISMA-P guidelines and PECO approach, the review protocol was registered in INPLASTY. The search was carried out in five databases, from December 2019 to December 2022. A selection process was carried out by title, abstract and full text, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Initially, 27,458 articles were identified, and after eliminating duplicates, applying the inclusion criteria and critical analysis, 11 original articles were selected for qualitative analysis. The sample size was 47,552 participants, the majority of whom were women (68.07%) with an average age of 21.07 years. It was concluded that contingency measures (social isolation, quarantine, distancing) as a measure to prevent the spread of the pandemic had a negative impact on the psychological well-being of university students. Adequate support and research into which interventions can mitigate these risks are essential. We suggest the implementation of psychological interventions, which should be promoted proactively, to minimize negative impacts.
- Envolvimento dos enfermeiros no stewardship antimicrobiano: práticas e experiênciasPublication . Linhares, Sandra Maria Carneiro Delgado; Baptista, GoreteO stewardship antimicrobiano envolve estratégias (plano de ação geral) e intervenções (ações específicas a implementar), com o objetivo de otimizar a prescrição e os resultados clínicos dos antimicrobianos, bem como minimizar efeitos indesejados, como a resistência. A participação dos enfermeiros é crucial neste processo, embora a sua contribuição na gestão antimicrobiana ainda seja limitada. Objetivo: Analisar as práticas de stewardship antimicrobiano realizadas por enfermeiros e identificar fatores que influenciam essas práticas. Métodos: Estudo analítico transversal realizado numa amostra de 182 enfermeiros dos serviços de medicina interna, medicina intensiva e serviços cirúrgicos. Foi aplicado um questionário construído com base em Padigos et al. (2022). Cumpridos os pressupostos éticos. A análise dos dados foi realizada no IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0. Resultados: As práticas mais frequentes entre os enfermeiros incluíram a verificação da duração dos tratamentos antimicrobianos (40,9%), a consulta dos resultados microbiológicos (34,3%) e a discussão com a equipa sobre a mudança do antimicrobiano da via endovenosa para oral (35,6%). A consulta das orientações antimicrobianas do hospital foi realizada algumas vezes pelos enfermeiros (35,5%), assim como a “discussão” com o prescritor para rever a prescrição antimicrobiana (27,1%) e o questionamento sobre a necessidade do antibiótico (31,1%). Os enfermeiros do serviço de medicina interna, nomeadamente os enfermeiros homens, apresentaram uma maior frequência de práticas de stewardship antimicrobiano (p value <0,05). Conclusão: O estudo destaca a necessidade de maior envolvimento dos enfermeiros na gestão de antimicrobianos, sugerindo a criação de protocolos específicos e a
- Identifying elements for a cardiac rehabilitation program for caregivers: an international delphi consensusPublication . Loureiro, Maria; Duarte, João; Mendes, Eugénia; Oliveira, Isabel de Jesus; Coutinho, Gonçalo; Martins, Maria Manuela; Novo, AndréCaregivers of patients with heart disease may often feel physically, emotionally, and psychologically overwhelmed by their role. The analysis of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) components and caregivers’ needs suggests that some interventions may benefit them. Therefore, this study aimed to identify a consensus on the CR components targeting caregivers of patients with heart disease. Methods: A three-round international e-Delphi study with experts on CR was conducted. In round 1, experts provided an electronic level of agreement on a set of initial recommendations originating from a previous scoping review. In round 2, experts were asked to re-rate the same items after feedback and summary data were provided from round 1. In round 3, the same experts were asked to re-rate items that did not reach a consensus from round 2. Results: A total of 57 experts were contacted via e-mail to participate in the Delphi panel, and 43 participated. The final version presents seven recommendations for caregivers of patients with heart disease in CR programs. Conclusions: These recommendations are an overview of the evidence and represent a tool for professionals to adapt to their context in the different stages of CR, integrating the caregiver as a care focus and as support for their sick family members. By identifying the components/interventions, there is potential to benchmark the development of a cardiac rehabilitation strategy to be used and tested by the healthcare team for optimizing the health and role of these caregivers.
- Comunicação eficaz na transição de cuidados de enfermagem no serviço de urgência: perceção dos enfermeirosPublication . Alves, Cátia Diana Gomes Beça; Veiga-Branco, AugustaA transferência de cuidados do doente, entre os profissionais responsáveis por ele, pode comprometer a sua segurança. Seja nas passagens de turno, ou transferências intra e inter-hospitalares. É essencial estabelecer uma comunicação eficaz, de modo a assegurar a fluidez de assunção de cuidados e responsabilidades. Estes pressupostos evitam a ocorrência de efeitos adversos, de eventuais atrasos no diagnóstico e tratamentos, e o atraso no restabelecimento da pessoa em situação crítica. Objetivo: Avaliar a perceção dos enfermeiros do Serviço de Urgência, que prestam cuidados à pessoa em situação crítica, relativamente à informação transmitida durante as passagens de turno. Métodos: Estudo de carácter quantitativo, descritivo, transversal e correlacional, a partir da análise de resultados da aplicação do questionário “Handover Evaluation Scale” (Tranquada, 2013), a 59 enfermeiros do SU de um hospital do Norte de Portugal, que prestam cuidados à pessoa em situação crítica. Resultados: A perceção dos enfermeiros sobre a comunicação durante as passagens de turno é favorável em relação à maioria dos aspetos abordados. Estes valorizaram a comunicação no contexto da equipa multidisciplinar, deram ênfase aos aspetos relacionados com a importância da formação e da experiência profissional com a qualidade da comunicação. A perceção favorável do enfermeiro traduz-se no elevado nível de situações significativas (70 a 90%) que cerca de 80% enfermeiros reportam conseguir transmitir durante a passagem de turno. 36% dos participantes apontam a necessidade de melhorias, a maioria relacionadas com a organização do processo de transição de cuidados e com o problema das interrupções. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam uma perspetiva favorável da perceção dos enfermeiros relativamente à comunicação durante a passagem de turno, ainda que alguns aspetos apresentem necessidade de melhoria, seja os relacionados com a objetividade e pertinência da informação, seja a necessidade de um contexto calmo que favoreça a concentração, logo sem interrupções.
- Estratégias de comunicação do enfermeiro com o doente crítico em unidades de cuidados intensivos: scoping reviewPublication . Baptista, Gorete; Magalhães, Bruno; Rodrigues, Vítor; Galvão, Ana MariaA comunicação eficaz nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva (UCI) é um aspeto crítico do cuidado de enfermagem, impactando significativamente os resultados dos doentes. A complexidade dos ambientes de UCI requer estratégias de comunicação especializadas que atendam às necessidades únicas de doentes críticos e suas famílias. Objetivo: Mapear a evidência científica sobre as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pelos enfermeiros com doentes críticos, em ambientes de UCI. Métodos: Esta Scoping Review (ScR) foi conduzida seguindo a metodologia recomendada pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) e PRISMA-ScR. Foi realizada via Interface EBSCOhost Research Databases: CINAHL Complete, MedicLatina, MEDLINE Complete e Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, usando as frases boleanas: TI ("Critical Care" AND "Communication" AND "Nurse*") OR AB ("Critical Care" AND "Communication" AND "Nurse*"). Resultados: De 238 artigos, foram incluídos no estudo 9 artigos primários. Identificadas categorias como a comunicação empática, a integração da tecnologia com práticas humanísticas, treino contínuo e desenvolvimento de habilidades em comunicação, adaptação cultural e linguística em ferramentas de comunicação e o papel da comunicação em potencializar a participação do doente. Destacou-se o uso de métodos de comunicação aumentativa e alternativa (CAA) em doentes com dificuldades na fala Conclusão: A comunicação em UCIs vai além da simples troca de informações, abrangendo apoio emocional, sensibilidade cultural e empoderamento do doente. Exige formação contínua, integração tecnológica e consideração da diversidade cultural.
- Symptoms of post-traumatic stress and mental health in a sample of university students: the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-beingPublication . Ala, Sílvia Maria Fernandes; Ramos-Campos, Francisco; Relva, Inês CarvalhoThe COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most stressful events in recent times across the world. The long-term effect of these experiences raises several concerns, including the development of post-traumatic stress symptomatology. However, little is known about the psychological processes that mediate this association. The aim of this study was to explore the association of emotional exhaustion and anxiety in post-traumatic stress symptomatology, and the mediating role of resilience and psychological well-being in university students. A total of 526 university students of both sexes participated in this study, and they were aged between 17 and 62 years old. Symptoms of anxiety and emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in females, in contrast, males showed on average more resilience and psychological well-being. Additionally, participants with COVID-19 infection had higher levels of emotional exhaustion, anxiety, and PTSD. The results indicated that the variables were correlated with each other (p < 0.001). A conceptual model was confirmed that describes anxiety and emotional exhaustion as predictors, post-traumatic stress symptomatology as an outcome variable, and resilience and psychological well-being as mediators. Resilience and psychological well-being can be important protective factors for adaptive responses in stressful situations. The findings obtained in this study will provide a theoretical basis for designing targeted interventions to improve psychological health, whether for crisis intervention, the process of adapting to higher education, or for recovery plans from psychological trauma.
- Exploring first-degree family history in a cohort of Portuguese Alzheimer’s disease patients: population evidence for X-chromosome linked and recessive inheritance of risk factorsPublication . Tábuas-Pereira, Miguel; Bernardes, Catarina; Durães, João; Lima, Marisa; Nogueira, Ana Rita; Saraiva, Jorge; Tábuas, Teresa; Coelho, Mariana; Paquette, Kimberly; Westra, Kaitlyn; Kun-Rodrigues, Célia; Almeida, Maria Rosário; Baldeiras, Inês; Brás, José; Guerreiro, Rita; Santana, IsabelAlzheimer’s disease (AD) heritability is estimated to be around 70–80%. Yet, much of it remains to be explained. Studying transmission patterns may help in understanding other factors contributing to the development of AD. In this study, we aimed to search for evidence of autosomal recessive or X- and Y-linked inheritance of risk factors in a large cohort of Portuguese AD patients. We collected family history from patients with AD and cognitively healthy controls over 75 years of age. We compared the proportions of maternal and paternal history in male and female patients and controls (to search for evidence of X-linked and Y-linked inherited risk factors). We compared the risk of developing AD depending on parents’ birthplace (same vs. different), as a proxy of remote consanguinity. We performed linear regressions to study the association of these variables with different endophenotypes. We included 3090 participants, 2183 cognitively healthy controls and 907 patients with AD. Men whose mother had dementia have increased odds of developing AD comparing to women whose mother had dementia. In female patients with a CSF biomarker-supported diagnosis of AD, paternal history of dementia is associated with increased CSF phosphorylated Tau levels. People whose parents are from the same town have higher risk of dementia. In multivariate analysis, this proxy is associated with a lower age of onset and higher CSF phosphorylated tau. Our study gives evidence supporting an increased risk of developing AD associated with an X-linked inheritance pattern and remote consanguinity.
- Gerontology and geriatrics in undergraduate nursing education in Portugal and Spain: an integrative and comparative curriculum reviewPublication . Alves, Sara Elisa Brás; Magalhães, Carlos Pires; Fernandes, Adília; Fermoso Palmero, Maria José; Fernandes, HélderNurses play a critical role in caring for elderly patients; however, the emphasis on aging care in undergraduate programs may be insufficient. The present study aims at identifying the relevance given to theoretical and/or practical gerontological and geriatric contents in undergraduate study plans in Portugal and Spain. Presenting a two-part investigation, an integrative review approach examines nursing education on a global scale and a comparative analysis, using Bereday’s comparative method, to assess the nursing curricula between Portugal and Spain. The search found 117 documents, with 16 being included. Studies covered diverse educational practices in geriatric and gerontological nursing, emphasizing curriculum development, faculty expertise, practical training, attitudes towards elderly care, and future directions. The comparative analysis of nursing curricula revealed that Portugal places a priority on building foundational theoretical knowledge in the first year and then gradually integrating practical training. In contrast, Spain emphasizes an extensive and integrated approach with a strong focus on practical skills and comprehensive assessments. Our research emphasizes the need to incorporate aging-focused education into nursing curricula and update the curriculum, providing hands-on training with early exposure to these environments. Additionally, simulation classes can enhance critical thinking by allowing students to experience aging effects firsthand.