ESE - Posters em Encontros Científicos Internacionais
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- The importance of prefixes in the identification of postverbal nounsPublication . Rodrigues, Alexandra SoaresIn Portuguese, besides suffixed deverbal nouns, there are deverbal nominal products with no derivational suffixes, which we will call ‘postverbal nouns’. One of the problems concerned with postverbal nouns is that there are some difficulties in distinguishing them from nouns that function as base words to verbs constructed with no derivational suffixes.
- Comparison of a 10 weeks resistance strength training program on prepubescent girls and boysPublication . Monteiro, A.M.; Faro, Ana; Lopes, Vitor P.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, PedroThe mechanisms that are behind the strength gains, in strength training programs, are not still well evidenced. It seems to exist the certainty that strength training produces greater gains, during puberty and after, in virtue, over all, of the increase of serum testosterone, which allows an increase of muscle hypertrophy (Kraemer and Fleck 1993). Strength gains gotten before puberty, will be resultant of neurological adaptations, such as, the improvement of inter and intra-muscle coordination and order, the synchronization, the amount of motor units recruited, and the frequency of nervous stimulus, and not so much due to hypertrophy (Ramsay et al.,1990; Ozmun et al.,1993; Falk and Mor, 1996). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 10 weeks resistance training program on the development of the maximal isometric strength, muscle thickness, contracted brachial perimeters, relaxed brachial perimeters, the push-ups, the pull-ups and throwing a roller-skate hockey ball in prepusbescents girls and boy. Methods: The sample was divided into two different groups, the experimental one (EG, n =17) and the control one (CG, n = 17) and comprises 20 girls (9,44 ± 0,28 years) and 15 boys (9,34 ± 0,30 years) in the maturation stage I according to Tanner’s Scale. The EG group was submitted to a training program with callisthenic exercises three times a week (90 minutes each session) during 10 weeks. The program consisted of training push-ups, modified pull-ups and 2 exercises with elastics (elbows flexion and extension and extension of the arms above the head) until exhaustion. The training volume was gradually adapted from 3 series between the 1st and 3rd week to 4 series between the 4th and 6th week and to 5 series between 7th and 10th week. The maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF) and the Electromyography signal (EMG) were acquired when the subjects made a single exercise of arm curl. To evaluate the MVIF was use a dynamometer (TSD121C from Biopac Systens Inc.). During the arm curl exercise, one surface electrode (TSD 150A from Biopac System Inc.) was attached in each biceps (MVIFARM). Ground electrode was attached to the elbow. The EMG signals were amplified by a differential amplifier with 2MW, a gain of 1000 and a bandwidth between 15-450Hz. The EMG signals were full-wave rectified and smoothed, allowing to determinate the integral of the EMG signal (iEMG) of right bicep (ARMR) and left bicep (ARML). The iEMG was relativizated according to the duration of the contraction. The muscle thicknesses of the biceps right arm (THICKBR) and left arm (THICKBL); the muscle thicknesses of triceps right arm (THICKTR) and left arm (THICKTL); the triceps skin folds of right arm (SKINTR) and left arm (SKINTL), were measured by B-mode ultrasonography, using real-time electronic scanner with 7.5MHz scanning head (Ecocamera Aloca SSD-500). The right relaxed brachial perimeters (RBPR) and left (RBPL) and the right contracted brachial perimeters (CBPR) and left (CBPL) were measured using the usual anthropometric procedures. We also evaluated the maximal number of push ups (PUSHUP) and modified pull ups (PULLUP) that each child was able to execute. Finally we measured the distance covered by the roller-skate hockey ball after being thrown (THRW). The change between the daily pay-test and after-test in such a way in boys as in girls was analyzed in both groups through the test of Wilcoxon. p≤0,05). Results: In the Wilcoxons’ test the following results had shown that the parameters with significant alterations were: in the male gender EG [(RBPR, p≤0,04; RBPL; p≤0,04; CBPR, p≤0,03; CBPL, p≤0,04; PUSHUP, p≤0,03; PULLUP, 0,03; THRW, p≤0,03)] in the CG [(RBPR, p≤0,71; RBPL; p≤0,74; CBPR, p≤0,89; CBPL, p≤0,58; PUSHUP, p≤0,83; PULLUP, 0,28; THRW, p≤0,50)] and the female EG [(RBPR, p≤0,01; RBPL; p≤0,04; CBPR, p≤0,00; CBPL, p≤0,01; PUSHUP, p≤0,00; PULLUP, 0,00; THRW, p≤0,02)] in the CG [(RBPR, p≤0,11; RBPL; p≤0,07; CBPR, p≤0,03; CBPL, p≤0,07; PUSHUP, p≤0,06; PULLUP, 0,78; THRW, p≤0,09)]. Discussion/Conclusion: The results suggested that prepubescent children can increase strength following a strength training program that includes callisthenic exercises. This training program does not seem to have a significant effect in the development of the FIMV. The strength gains were not followed by an increase of muscle mass. In this study we only evaluated the neuromuscular factors (EMG) in FIMV and the alterations of the neuromuscular activations, were not significant. It seems that the elements underlying the increase and strength gains can be related to the increase of the coordination of the movement. The coordination seems to be an element that highly contributes to the increase of strength for more complex exercises.
- Comparison of a 10 week resistance strength training program, in muscle morphology, electromyography activity and strength gains on prepubescent girls and boysPublication . Monteiro, A.M.; Lopes, Vitor P.; Faro, AnaThe mechanisms that are behind the strength gains, in strength training programs, are not still well evidenced. It seems to exist the certainty that strength training produces greater gains, during puberty and after, in virtue, over all, of the increase of serum testosterone, which allows an increase of muscle hypertrophy. Strength gains gotten before puberty, will be resultant of neurological adaptations, such as, the improvement of inter and intra-muscle coordination and order, the synchronization, the amount of motor units recruited, and the frequency of nervous stimulus, and not so much due to hypertrophy. The purpose of this research was to compare the maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF), the electromyography activity (EMG) and the muscle thickness between pre-pubertal boys and girls. The results suggested that prepubescent children can increase strength following a strength training program that includes callisthenic exercises. There were no significant differences on the MVIF between boys and girls doing the triceps press exercise. The strength gains were not followed by an increase of muscle mass. In the same way, there were no significant differences according to gender on the thickness of the triceps of the both arm of the triceps. It seems that the elements underlying the increase and strength gains can be related to the increase of the coordination of the movement. The coordination seems to be an element that highly contributes to the increase of strength for more complex exercises.
- Obesity and physical fitness among children (6-10 years) from Azores islands (Portugal)Publication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Maia, José A.R.The prevalence of obesity and of lower leveIs of physical fitness seems to be a major problem for the public health. The WHO designates obesity as one of the most important public health threats because of the sigrlificant impact of chronic conditions associated with obesity. Physical fitness could act as a protective factor for various diseases, e.g. cardiovascular diseases.
- Estudo piloto da resposta bioenergética a diferentes ritmos respiratórios na técnica de MariposaPublication . Barbosa, Tiago M.; Keskinen, Kari L.; Fernandes, Ricardo J.; Colaço, Paulo; Vilas-Boas, João PauloNa técnica de Mariposa é possível adoptar diferentes ritmos respiratórios. É possível a realização de uma inspiração por cada ciclo gestual (1:1), de uma inspiração por cada dois ciclos gestuais (1:2) ou de uma inspiração por cada três ciclos gestuais (1:3). Não obstante ser possível a utilização esporádica de outros padrões de respiração, os ritmos previamente descritos são os mais frequemente observados em contexto competitivo
- The positioning of federate sports in Portugal: handball, basketball, roller hockey and volleyballPublication . Gonçalves, Celina; Correia, AbelSport is constituted by a multiplicity of activities with different purposes, concepts and cultural representations. Before the increase of supply, Sports Federations need to understand the practitioners in relation to the several possibilities of practice and to position their sports according to their competitors. In this context, the purpose of this study is the positioning of team federate sports (handball, basketball, roller hockey and volleyball). According to Lindon et al., (2002) [1], it is intended to identify, differentiate and analyse the distinctive features of the sport’s image which allow the practitioner to place it in relation to the others.
- Stability and change in physical activity: a longitudinal study in children (6 to 9)Publication . Ferreira, João V.; Maia, José A.R.; Lopes, Vitor P.There is a strong agreement that physical activity (PA) positively influences individual health status. Regular PA is an important factor along the whole life cycle to promote a healthy life style. Childhood and adolescence are golden ages to promote and acquire PA habits. Physical activity promotion in childhood and adolescence is partially based on the assumption that PA habits are developed during these periods of life and are maintained throughout adulthood
- Relationships between energy cost, swimming velocity and speed fluctuation in elite butterfliersPublication . Barbosa, Tiago M.; Lima, Francisco; Portela, Ana; Novais, Daniel; Lima, António B.; Colaço, Paulo; Fernandes, Ricardo J.; Keskinen, Kari L.; Vilas-Boas, João Paulo
- Changes in body coordination in children form Azores islands: a 3 years longitudinal studyPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Maia, José A.R.The purpose of this study was: (1) to analyse longitudinally the changes in body coordination (BC) in children during 3 years (6 to a 9 years old); and to analyse the stability of BC. Methods: Sample size comprises 142 girls (6.37±0.31 years old at the first evaluation and 8.42±0.35 at the third), and 143 boys (6.44±0.29 years old at the first evaluation and 8.34±0.39 at the third). BC was evaluated according to the body coordination test battery (KörperkoordinationsTest für Kinder) developed by Kiphard and Schilling (1974). The battery comprises four tests: backward balance (BB), jumping sideways (JS), hopping on one leg (HL), and shifting platforms (SP), from the 4 tests it is obtain a motor quotient (MQ) that permit the classification of children BC. A mixed ANOVA was used to analyze the changes along the 3 years and the differences between boys and girls. Intra-class correlation coefficient was used to analyze the stability in the all items test battery.
- Familial aggregation of physical activity levels: a study with families from northeast of PortugalPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Vasques, Catarina; Maia, José A.R.Physical activity (PA) lifestyle is known to have significant health benefits. Familial resemblance reflecting genetic and environmental factors shared by family members could be an important determinant of habitual PA levels. However, in the literature the results in familial resemblance are controversial.