ESE - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing ESE - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus by Issue Date
Now showing 1 - 10 of 1343
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Gender, socioeconomics status and maturation differences in pubertal children’s physical activityPublication . Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, Pedro; Lopes, Vitor P.The purpose of this study was to identify differences in the physical activity of pubertal children according to their gender, their socioeconomics status (SES) and their stage of maturation (SM).
- Extreme performance groups analysis of physical activity and body fat effects in pubertal children’s physical fitnessPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, PedroThe purpose of this research was to identify the effects of extreme performance groups of physical activity (PA) and (b) body fat (BF) in physical fitness (PF) of pubertal children
- O debate ortográfico do século XVI em Love's Labour's Lost de William ShakespearePublication . Chumbo, IsabelNo Inglês de hoje verifica-se um desfasamento constante entre a grafia e a fonética a que os empréstimos linguísticos que ocorreram ao longo da sua História não são alheios. O debate sobre o desfasamento em causa e sobre as suas implicações não é de agora, tendo sido particularmente aceso entre estudiosos e académicos do século XVI.No âmbito deste temática é proposta uma reflexão histórica sobre a forma como essa discussão se desenvolveu, recorrendo para tal a Love's Labour's Lost de Shakespeare. Esta comédia representa os defensores da mudança para uma língua inglesa purista, mas também os que não conseguem sobreviver sem recorrer aos empréstimos lexicais que uma língua eloquente como o Latim propiciava, os chamados "inkhorn". Através das suas personagens, Shakespeare coloca-nos perante uma peça inteligente que exige uma audiência de igual carácter. Por entre críticas implícitas, explícitas e trocadilhos o autor acaba por cair na sua própria armadilha de "experimentador" da língua, usando e abusando ele próprio dos termos que crítica pelas personagens que constrói.
- Muscle damage and hematological changes induced by eccentric exercisePublication . Magalhães, Pedro; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Lopes, Vitor P.; Guerra, M.; Neuparth, Maria João; Duarte, José AlbertoRegular physical exercise of moderate intensity is normally beneficial to the human organism (Smith et al., 1990; Bury et al., 1998). Nevertheless, under some conditions, the exercise could be a source of stress for some human structures. Eccentric exercise, has been understood as a induction factor of muscle damage on the exercised muscles (Duarte et al., 1999) and, usually, it's accompanied by systemic physiologic alterations similar, in some aspects, to traumas and infections (Northoff et al., 1995). The aims of this study were: to analyse the presence of muscle damage, and to verify the haematological changes brought by a strenuous protocol of uncustomary physical exercise
- Effects of a lateral inspiration training programme on butterfly stroke parametersPublication . Barbosa, Tiago M.Eleven university students, 9 males and 2 females, volunteered to participate in this study (mean age 20.0±1.0 years, 175.1±7.9cm of height and 71.278±10.569Kg of weight). These subjects followed 9 sessions of 100 minutes each, with the objective of learning and exercising the lateral inspiration on Butterfly stroke. Neither of them had ever made lateral inspiration on Butterfly. The evaluation occurred in at two points in time: one before (pre-test) and another after (post-test) the application of the training program. At each point in time, all subjects made two courses of 20 meters Butterfly, one using lateral inspiration and another adopting frontal inspiration, with a start in the water. Between the 5th meter and the 19th meter (i.e. within 14 meters) an observer recorded the time spent and the number of stroke cycles made. Therefore, the mean velocity displacement (V = 14.time– 1), the mean stroke frequency (SF = cycles.time–1) and the mean stroke length (SL = 14.cycles–1) according to Pelayo et al. (1997) procedures were analysed, as well as the stroke index (SI = V.SL) as it was proposed by Costill et al. (1985) and Tourny (1992). To determine the significance of the mean differences for each stroking parameter, ANOVA with repeated measures (p£0.05) was used.
- Habitual physical activity pattern of prepubescent boys and girlsPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, PedroThe propose of this study is to identify the pattern physical activity of boys and girls during a week. The sample comprises 14 girls and 11 boys of 9.5 years of age. Physical activity was evaluated thought the computer science and applications (CSA - 7164) activity monitor, during 4 days - two-week days (Monday and Friday), and during the weekend (Saturday and Sunday). The activity monitor was worn in wrist of the non-dominant arm. After de data collection it was calculated the mean of activity per min in each day. The repeatedmeasuresMANOVAwasusedtoanalysedthechangesbetweenday's activity,and the gender differences. The results indicated a significant main effects of days, meaning that the pattern of activity change over days. The differences occurred between the Friday and Saturday, and between Saturday and Sunday. In the weekend it was registered less physical activity than in weekdays in booth boys and girls. There's no significant main effect for gender, meaning that the physical activity of boys and girls are similar. Also there's no interaction between gender and days, meaning that the changes in activity pattern was similar for booth boys and girls.
- Strength training effects on pre-pubertal boysPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, PedroThere are some incongruent results in strength training effects on pre-pubertal boys. Vrijens (1979) shows that prepubescent boys were incapable of increasing strength or muscle cross-sectional area of the extremities following a program of resistance training. Various recent studies have shown that prepubescent boys are capable of making strength gains following an appropriate training program (Ramsay, et al., 1990). However the mechanisms underling strength gains following resistance strength training programs is not well clarified. There is some evidence that the gains are associated with neuromuscular adaptations with no muscle hypertrophy, but this later issue is an unresolved question. The purpose of this study is to investigate the resistance strength training effects on pre-pubertal boys, that is, the enhancement of strength and its correlates, namely the changes in muscular mass and neuro-muscular activity. The sample comprises 11 boys, aged 9,52±0,55 years, divided in an experimental group (EG) (n=6) and in a control group (CG) (n=5). All boys were in stage 1 according to Tanner’s scale of sexual maturation. The sample was evaluated in serum testosterone level, and all boys were above the level of 50 ng*dl-1,wich is considered to be within the normal range for pre-pubertal boys (Winter, 1978). The EG group was submitted to a training program with callisthenic exercises three sessions a week for 10 weeks. In each session the training comprised the following exercises: push-ups, modified pull-ups and the 2 exercises with elastics (elbows flexion and extension and extension of the arms above the head) until exhaustion. The training volume was being gradually adapted from 3 series between the 1st and 3rd week to 4 series between the 4th and 6th week and to 5 series between the 7th and 10th week. The sample was evaluated in pre and in post-test in maximal isometric voluntary force (MIVF), muscle mass, and in EMG. The MIVF was evaluated during the Shoulder Press (SP), the Arm Curl (AC) and the Triceps Press (TP). The MIVF was measured using a dynamometer (TST 121C from Biopac Systems Inc.). We also evaluated the maximal number of push ups (PU) and modified pull ups (MPU), and the distance in over arm throw with roller-skate hockey ball (THW). The EMG signals were acquired during the MIVF exercises (SP, AC, and TP). During the AC exercise, one surface electrode (TSD 150A from Biopac Systems Inc.) was attached to each biceps. During the SP and TP, one surface electrode was attached to the vastus medialis of each of the triceps. A ground electrode was attached to the elbow. The EMG signals were amplified through a differential amplifier with 2MW, a gain of 1000 and a bandwidth between 15-450Hz. The EMG signals were full-wave rectified and smoothed, allowing to determinate the integral (iEMG) and the amplitude (aEMG) of the EMG signal. The iEMG was standardised according to the duration of the contraction. Both aEMG and iEMG results of both arm in each exercise were summed. The muscle thickness of the biceps and of the triceps of both arms were measured by B-mode ultrasonography, using real-time electronic scanner with 7.5MHz scanning head (Ecocamera Aloca SSD-500). The data were analysed using the ANOVA repeated measures (group x training program). In THW the results indicate a significant interaction effect (F(1, 9) = 7,814; p = 0,021), with an increase of 22% in EG and a slight decrease in CG. In PU the results indicate a significant main effect (F(1, 9) = 15,537; p = 0,003), and a significant interaction effect (F(1, 9) = 16,61; p = 0,003), with an increase of 150% in EG and no changes in CG. In MPU the results indicate a significant main effect (F(1, ) = 8,006; p = 0,019), and a significant interaction effect (F(1, 9) = 17,667; p = 0,002), with an increase of 120,9% in EG and a slight decrease in CG. There were no significant changes in the three tests of MIVF and in iEMG, aEMG, or in the muscle mass. These results indicate that pre-pubertal boys could increase the resistance strength after a training program that include callisthenic exercises, but seems that the isometric strength could not be enhanced. The increase in resistance strength is not accompanied by an increase in muscle mass. Although in this study we only evaluated the neuro-muscular factors in MIVF, it seems that the factors underlying the enhanced strength might be neuro-muscular.
- Comparison of muscle morphology, electromyographic activity and force production between prepubertal boys and girlsPublication . Barbosa, Tiago M.; Monteiro, A.M.; Lopes, Vitor P.; Magalhães, PedroThe purpose of this research was to compare the maximal voluntary isometric force (MVIF), the electromyographic activity (EMG) and the muscle thickness between pre-pubertal boys and girls. The sample comprises 27children (12 boys and 15 girls) with 9.5W.52 years old. The M V F and the EMG signal were acquired when the subjects made a single exercise of arm curl and triceps press. To evaluate the MVIF was used a dynamometer (TSD121C from Biopac Systems Znc.). During the arm curl exercise, one surface electrode (TSD 150A from Biopac Systems Znc.) was attached in each biceps. During the triceps press, one surface electrode was attached to the vastus lateralis and other to the vastus medialis of the each triceps. Ground electrode was attached to the elbow. The EMG signals were amplified by a differential amplifier with 2MW, a gain of 1000 and a bandwidth between 15-450Hz. The EMG signals were full-wave rectified and smoothed, allowing to determinate the integral of the EMG signal (iEMG). The iEMG was relativized according to the duration of the contraction. The muscle thickness of the biceps and of the triceps of both arms were measured by B-mode ultrasonography, using real-time electronic scanner with 7.5MHz scanning head (Ecocamera Aloca SSD-500). For comparison of those variables between gender was used the ANOVA factorial and Scheffe as post-hoc test (p< 0.05). There was no significant differences on the MVIF between boys and girls doing the arm curl exercise F(1; 25)=4.128, p=0.0529] or the triceps press exercise F(1; 25)=0.003, p=0.9554]. In the same way, there were no significant differences according to gender on the thickness of the triceps of the left arm F(1; 25)= 0.075, p=0.7859] of the triceps of the right arm F(1;25)=0.925, p=0.3454] of the bicep sof the left arm F(1;25)=0.257, p=0.6166] and of the biceps of the right arm F(1; 25)= 0.016, p=0.8989]. The EMG parameters also didn't present significant differences according to gender for the vastus lateralis of both arms, for the vastus medialis of both arms and for the biceps of the right and of the left arm. Therefore, we might conclude that apparently there are no significant differences on the muscle morphology, electromyographic activity and force production between pre-pubertal boys and girls.
- Effects of a 10 weeks training programs on prepubescent girlsPublication . Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, Pedro; Lopes, Vitor P.The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of a training program on the development of the maximal isometric strengths, the push-ups, the pull-ups and the throw of the roller-skate hockey ball. The sample was composed by 16 girls, at the age of 9,5 years and in the maturation stage I according to Tanner's Scale. The sample was divided into two different groups, the experimental one (EG, n = 11) and the control one (CG, n = 5). The EG group was submit- ted to a training program with callisthenic exercises three times a week (90 min each session) during 10 weeks. The program comprised the training of push-ups, modified pull-ups and the 2 exercises with elastics (elbows flexion and extension and extension of the arms above the head) until exhaustion. The training volume has been gradually adapted from 3 series between the 1st and 3rd week to 4 series between the 4th and 6th week and to 5 series between 7th and 10th week. The maximal isometric voluntary force (MIVF) was evaluated during the Shoulder Press (SHPRES) exercise, the Arm Curl (ARMCURL) exercise and de Triceps Press (TRIPES) exercise. The MIVF was measured using a dynamometer (TST 121C from Biopac Systems Inc.). We also evaluated the maximal number of push ups and modified pull ups that each girl could do. Finally, we measured the distance made by the roller-skate hockey ball after being thrown (THRW). For the comparison between the two measurements (before and after the training program) was raised the "Paired Simple Test" in each group (p < 0.05). It compared the minimum values between the two moments on the e.g., the THRW (p = 0.006), the PULL (p=0.010), and the PUSH (p= 0.014), presented significant increases. However, the TRIPES (p = 0.096), the ARMCURL (p = 0.403), and the SHPRES (p = 0.066) didn't present significant differences. On the CG the only significant difference was found in the TRIPES (p = 0.003).
- Relationships between some well known indicators of aerobic resistance of swimmersPublication . Fernandes, Ricardo J.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Vilas-Boas, João PauloThe concept of the anaerobic threshold (AT) at swimming velocity corresponding to 4 mmol.l-1 blood lactate concentrations (v4), introduced by Mader et al. (1976) and further developed by following authors, was used by a large number of scientists and swimming coaches for training and diagnostic purposes. Although it's considered a good indicator of aerobic capacity of swimmers, some authors disagree of that fixed value, arguing that the individual AT varies a lot, namely between 2 and 5 mmol.l-1 (Madsen e Lohberg, 1987). The purpose of this study is to verify the adequacy of the v4 in swimming, comparing it with two other valid indicators of the AT: critical velocity (cv) and the mean velocity of the 30 min test (vT30). Subjects were 30 juvenile swimmers of the Porto regional swimming team (with ages between 12 and 15 years). V4 was determined according to the 2 x 400m protocol, being the first repetition performed at 85% of the personal best and the second one at maximum speed (a rest period higher than 30 min was respected between repetitions). Samples of 25 μl of capillary blood were collected at 3, 5 and 7 min of recovery and analysed for blood lactate concentration with an Accusport analyser (Boheringer Manheim). CV was assessed based in the results of maximal tests of 100 e 400m and was considered as the slope of the regression line calculated between the test distances and the respective times. The ratio between the distance achieved and the duration of the test, i.e., 30 min of continuous swimming assessed the vT30. The mean values of the different variables are presented in Table 1. These results showed that the mean values of v3, v4 and v5, cv and vT30 are very similar; only v8 is statistically different of some other parameters (v3, v4, cv and vT30). We can also see strong positive correlation (r³0.91) between all the parameters (with exception of v8) regardless the stronger values between V5 and the other two tests.