Browsing by Author "Pereira, Paula Sismeiro"
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- Apego a los padres en ofensores de parejaPublication . Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Gonçalves, Rui AbrunhosaEn este estudio se pretende caracterizar los padrones de apego de los ofensores de pareja y identificar se hay configuraciones diferentes considerando género y crimen: malos tratos, intento de homicidio u homicidio. Son analizados relatos de 15 hombres que han cometido homicidio u intento de homicidio y 5 que han cometido malos tratos contra su mujer y 4 mujeres que han cometido homicidio contra sus maridos. Todos los participantes son condenados y son en el cárcel cumpliendo su condena.
- Comissões de proteção de crianças e jovens: estágios profissionais de psicologiaPublication . Pereira, Paula SismeiroEste relatório reflete sobre as comissões de proteção de crianças e jovens enquanto contexto de realização de estágios profissionais de psicologia. Elenca, num enquadramento técnico e científico, as oportunidades que qualificam o contexto como altamente adequado à intervenção dos estagiários em Psicologia, bem como as dificuldades podem constranger o desenvolvimento do estágio.
- A developmental approach to intimate partner violence preventionPublication . Pereira, Paula SismeiroThe theoretical framework for intimate battering has been focused mostly on societal dimensions (socio-demographic variables, gender roles and power). Intimate partner homicide, which has deserved less attention from researchers, also has been explained considering socio-demographic and situational variables. Even authors who inscribe their models on a developmental approach explore variables of early childhood, since childhood abuse or witnessing of inter-parental violence, in a merely descriptive way. This presentation purposes to explore: 1) how early childhood experiences are intertwined to promote psychological organizations which are damaging to the establishment of intimate partner relationships, and 2) how, for those who have those psychological organizations, violence may occurs, under several conditions, in the context of intimate relationships. This study has a quantitative and qualitative methodology applying several self-reporting instruments to assess personality [16PF-5 – Sixteen factors Personality Questionnaire (Cattell, R. B.; Cattell, A. K. S. & Cattell, H. E. P., 1993; Portuguese version adapted by Barros & Rocha, 1998)], attachment to parents [RQ - Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991; Portuguese adaptation Cabral & Mena Matos, 2004)] and to romantic partner [EREP – Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (Brennan, Clark & Shaver, 1998; Portuguese adaptation Oliveira & Costa, 2009)], and psychopathy [PCL-R (Hare, 1991, 2003; Portuguese version adapted by Gonçalves, 1999, 2007)], and a semi-structured interview specially conceived for this research. Our participants are adults inmates arrested for violence or homicide against partner: 18 men and 8 women arrested for murderer the partner and 6 men arrested for violence against partner. We analyse differences between batterers and murderers and men and women. We explore results about attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance), childhood emotional neglect and anti-social behaviour confronting them with personality factors on adulthood to explain battering and homicide. The discussion will stress the relevance of emotional neglect and insecure attachment prevention to prevent intimate partner violence.
- Dropout phenomenon in a higher education institution in the North of Portugal, and the reasons behind itPublication . Lopes, Marina; Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Vaz, Paula Marisa FortunatoSchool dropout is a problem that directly affects higher education students, this education system and, consequently, society, since, in the perspective of an economy increasingly supported by knowledge and innovation, higher academic qualifications are given relevance. During the transition to higher education there are vicissitudes that, associated with the individual characteristics of each student, may directly affect the integration, adaptation, permanence, and success of students in the course and/or institution where they were placed. The analysis of the bibliography out points to different reasons that may lead higher education students to abandon their studies. The present research aimed at understanding the extent of the dropout phenomenon in a higher education institution in the North of Portugal, and the reasons behind it. It had as objectives: 1) to survey the data concerning school drop-outs in this institution, through the analysis of the students' cancelled enrolments; 2) to analyze the reasons for dropping out stated by the students who cancel the enrolments. This research involved 612 students, being 50.16% (n=307) female and 49.84% (n=305) male, aged between 18 and 71 years (at the time of annulment) and an average age of 25 years. To achieve the objectives, we performed a documentary analysis of the official data on the annulments of enrollment of students in three consecutive years, even before the Covid-19 Pandemic. In the survey we identified the number of annulments of enrollment in the period under study, as well as the reasons given by students when they canceled their enrollment. This resulted in the construction of a database for statistical purposes in a Microsoft Excel sheet that was available for later consultation and updating. In the process of building the database, a documentary analysis was made of the justifications presented by the students when they applied for cancellation of enrollment, and these were subjected to a content analysis process. The analysis and discussion of the results allowed us to conclude that: (i) in the triennium studied 5.88% (n=612) students left the institution; (ii) the first curricular year was the year in which the highest percentage of annulments was observed; (iii) the main reasons for the annulment were personal, professional, economic difficulties and academic reasons. In addition to the reasons mentioned by students for dropping out of this higher education institution, and similarly to what is mentioned in the literature, this research allowed us to understand that the integration and adaptation of students to institutions and to the academic context are also very important and should be taken into account when the subject of concern and study is dropout. It was also perceived that issues such as academic difficulties, related to the act of studying itself, are little explored and worked on, so they may end up remaining and may imply that students who cannot overcome them end up failing and/or dropping out of their studies. It is important to emphasize the relevance of the data obtained, which, being from years prior to the Covid-19 Pandemic, may constitute a term of "comparison" with data collected during and after this same Pandemic.
- Dropout phenomenon in a higher education institution in the North of Portugal, and the reasons behind itPublication . Lopes, Marina; Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Vaz, Paula Marisa FortunatoSchool dropout is a problem that directly affects higher education students, this education system and, consequently, society, since, in the perspective of an economy increasingly supported by knowledge and innovation, higher academic qualifications are given relevance. During the transition to higher education there are vicissitudes that, associated with the individual characteristics of each student, may directly affect the integration, adaptation, permanence, and success of students in the course and/or institution where they were placed. The analysis of the bibliography out points to different reasons that may lead higher education students to abandon their studies. The present research aimed at understanding the extent of the dropout phenomenon in a higher education institution in the North of Portugal, and the reasons behind it. It had as objectives: 1) to survey the data concerning school drop-outs in this institution, through the analysis of the students' cancelled enrolments; 2) to analyze the reasons for dropping out stated by the students who cancel the enrolments. This research involved 612 students, being 50.16% (n=307) female and 49.84% (n=305) male, aged between 18 and 71 years (at the time of annulment) and an average age of 25 years. To achieve the objectives, we performed a documentary analysis of the official data on the annulments of enrollment of students in three consecutive years, even before the Covid-19 Pandemic. In the survey we identified the number of annulments of enrollment in the period under study, as well as the reasons given by students when they canceled their enrollment. This resulted in the construction of a database for statistical purposes in a Microsoft Excel sheet that was available for later consultation and updating. In the process of building the database, a documentary analysis was made of the justifications presented by the students when they applied for cancellation of enrollment, and these were subjected to a content analysis process. The analysis and discussion of the results allowed us to conclude that: (i) in the triennium studied 5.88% (n=612) students left the institution; (ii) the first curricular year was the year in which the highest percentage of annulments was observed; (iii) the main reasons for the annulment were personal, professional, economic difficulties and academic reasons. In addition to the reasons mentioned by students for dropping out of this higher education institution, and similarly to what is mentioned in the literature, this research allowed us to understand that the integration and adaptation of students to institutions and to the academic context are also very important and should be taken into account when the subject of concern and study is dropout. It was also perceived that issues such as academic difficulties, related to the act of studying itself, are little explored and worked on, so they may end up remaining and may imply that students who cannot overcome them end up failing and/or dropping out of their studies. It is important to emphasize the relevance of the data obtained, which, being from years prior to the Covid-19 Pandemic, may constitute a term of "comparison" with data collected during and after this same Pandemic.
- Early childhood experiences of intimate partner violencePublication . Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Gonçalves, Rui AbrunhosaResearch about intergenerational transmission of spouse abuse produced diverse results assigning different degrees of importance to parental abuse or to child witnessing of interparental violence as risk factors for future intimate partner violence. The present study analyses early experiences of abuse through childhood recollections of physical and emotional abuse and neglect and of witnessing interparental violence. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview specially conceived for this study. Some of the main issues explored were parental behaviour regulation, guidance, affection, attending child emotional needs and congruency between demands and expectancies and child development and interparental relationship and violence. Our participants are adults inmates arrested for violence or homicide against partner: twenty men and eight women arrested for murdering the partner and six men arrested for violence against the partner. A content analysis procedure was used to categorize the interviews transcripts. We did not find any regularity neither between mother or father's physical abuse or witnessing interparental violence and the perpetration of intimate partner violence as adult. On the contrary, emotional neglect is constantly present in the childhood experiences of the individuals. We discuss the importance of emotional neglect and emotional abuse for emotional regulation and attachment in romantic adult relationship accordingly to attachment theory and for the construction of beliefs about the self and others accordingly to schema-focused approach.
- Identidade profissional e susceptibilidade ao Burnout em educadores sociais em formaçãoPublication . Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Fernandes, Paula OdeteEste estudo investiga a relação entre as concepções associadas à Identidade Profissional e as competências pessoais que podem ser indiciadoras da susceptibilidade ao burnout em alunos de uma Licenciatura em Educação Social. São investigados 157 dos 250 alunos que frequentam o curso, distribuídos pelos 3 anos. Os resultados da análise factorial mostram a existência de factores associados à Identidade Profissional que sustentam visões antagónicas da profissão. Mostram, ainda, a existência de duas tendências de factores associados à percepção da Realização; à Explicação para os Insucessos e às Estratégias para Lidar com os Insucessos e os Sucessos indiciadoras uma de maior outra de menor susceptibilidade ao burnout. A análise de correlações entre os factores mostra ser possível estabelecer dois perfis de resposta articulando as concepções da identidade profissional com as competências pessoais subjacentes às duas tendências referidas.
- Impasses na intervenção socioeducativa em contextos prisionaisPublication . Pereira, Paula SismeiroAo situarmos a intervenção socioeducativa no quadro teórico do aconselhamento, a qualidade da relação entre o técnico e o cliente emerge como crucial para a eficácia das intervenções. A investigação mostra que, tanto as características do cliente como as do técnico, podem fazer emergir na relação vulnerabilidades que são inevitáveis. Neste artigo, propomo-nos refletir sobre o modo como dimensões encobertas do funcionamento do cliente desencadeiam malentendidos, tensões e mesmo ruturas da relação. Centramo-nos concretamente no impacto dessas dimensões para a adesão e manutenção no processo de intervenção num contexto prisional. Esperamos que uma maior consciência desses eventos aumente a sensibilidade dos profissionais aos indícios dessas vulnerabilidades da relação e que os ajude a promover uma regulação da relação que seja facilitadora do processo de desenvolvimento do cliente.
- Intimate partner violence: Beyond gender asymmetry and self-defensePublication . Pereira, Paula SismeiroThe prevailing theoretical explanations in the field of Intimate partner violence (battering and homicide) bear up mostly on feminist perspective. This approach circumscribes violence to a manhood demonstration of power, control, and coercion from men against women. Men are understood as the greater assaulters, and perpetration of violence by women is, mainly, perceived as self-defensive. The major purpose of this paper is to conceptualize others ways by which social dimensions related to gender intervene in the violence process. Narratives of 15 men convicted by homicide or attempted homicide against their woman, 6 men convicted for battering, and 6 women convicted for homicide against their male partner, about their intimate relationship and about the development of violent interactions will be analysed. It will be discussed how gender roles, and expectations, participate differently, for men and women, in their perceptions about their intimate relationship, and maintenance in a disturbed relationship and finally, in the perpetration of lethal or nonlethal violence. The major implications for preventing battering and homicide will be examined.
- Lev VygotskyPublication . Pereira, Paula Sismeiro; Vaz, Paula Marisa Fortunato; Salgueiro, PedroO Poster apresenta a biografia de Lev Vygotsky, os fundamentos teóricos e práticos da sua obra pedagógica, a atualidade da sua pedagogia e respetivas implicações na educação.