Browsing by Author "Oliveira, Ana"
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- Eating habits, physical activity and nutritional status in patients with depressionPublication . Coelho, Catarina; Fernandes, António; Gomes, Ana; Oliveira, Ana; Capitão, Fátima; Ferreira, LuísaDepression, mood and stress in individuals affects the amount and type of food eaten, which is reflected in the nutritional status and may aggravate the clinical depression. For the practical exercise, studies show that it is beneficial for physical and mental health. We conducted a cross-sectional study, descriptive and correlational, evaluating the relationship between depression, anxiety and stress, eating habits, physical activity and nutritional status in a sample of 26 women and 3 men, aged 55 9 years of a Portuguese Psychiatric Hospital. It was used a questionnaire with anthropometric data, food frequency questionnaire, physical activity questionnaire adapted IPAQ 8 EADS and scale of 21 items to assess those affected. The subjects had a BMI of 29 kg/m2 6. 86% of the sample showed risk of cardiovascular or metabolic disease and 14% did not present. The protein intake was 21 3%, fat 29 5% and 50 6% carbohydrate. 72.4% of subjects had insufficient caloric intake and the others showed an excessive one. 55.2% had moderate physical activity, 27.6% intense and 17.2% light. The correlation between food intake with affectives showed that: higher levels of stress and anxiety were related to lower intake of fruits like plum queen, cherry, clementine, orange and kiwi; higher levels of stress or depression or anxiety were related to ingestion of apple, pear and peach; higher levels of anxiety were related to lower intake of tomatoes and protein; higher levels of depression were related to less white meat intake. These results may show that an inadequate intake of protein and fruits rich in carbohydrate important to regulate the levels of serotonin are possibly contributing to the symptoms of depression and lower consumption of white meat rich in monounsaturated fat important in weight control may be contributing for the increase in BMI.
- Epidemiologia do cancro da traqueia, brônquios e pulmão em PortugalPublication . Fialho, Cristiana; Oliveira, Ana; Cunha, Joana; Nogueira, António José M.; Teixeira, CristinaO cancro da traqueia, brônquios e pulmão (CTBP) constitui a quarta causa de morte por neoplasia. A análise comparativa de regiões geográficas permite avaliar necessidades específicas de prevenção. Objetivos: Comparar a mortalidade por CTBP entre regiões geográficas de Portugal de acordo com a sua tipologia. Métodos: Estudo descritivo com dados secundários do Instituto Nacional de Estatística. Obtiveram-se óbitos por CTBP em quatro regiões (NUTII) de Portugal, estratificando por género, idade (50-64; 65-74 e >=75) e tipologia geográfica: urbana (TGU), mediamente urbana (TGMU) e rural (TGR), e respetiva população (2014-2019). Considerando a taxa de mortalidade global, calcularam-se valores esperados de óbitos por CTBP em cada grupo considerado. Obtiveram-se valores da razão padronizada de mortalidade (RPM) e respetivo intervalo de confiança a 95% (IC95%). Resultados: A mortalidade por CTBP (2014-2019) foi de 147,1/100.000 homens e 37,3/100.000 mulheres, aumentando valores à medida que aumenta a densidade populacional, quer em homens: 114,1 na TGR, 133,0 na TGMU e 188,0 na TGU, quer em mulheres: 27,3 na TGR, 35,3 na TGMU e 46,8 na TGU. Encontramos valores mais elevados de óbitos do que o expectável nas TGU, em homens de 50-64 anos (RPM=186,7%; IC95%:124-270; p=0,003) e >=75 anos (RPM=215%; IC95%:143-311; p<0,001) residentes no Centro e em homens de 64-75 anos (RPM=111.8%; IC95%:106,5-117.4; p=75 anos do Centro (RPM=108.8%; IC95%:101-117; p=0,038). Por outro lado, há menor número de óbitos que o esperado em TGR, em homens dos 50-64 anos do Centro (RPM=78.5%; IC95%:62-99; p=0,037) e mulheres da mesma idade, residentes no Algarve (RPM=81.3%; IC95%:66-98; p=0,038). Conclusão: A mortalidade por CTBP e a sua prevenção, deve ser gerida de forma diferenciada não só a nível regional, como também de acordo com a tipologia geográfica.
- Extraction and quantification of pharmaceutical drugs in aqueous matricesPublication . Oliveira, Ana; Nemoto, Ana; Ribeiro, António E.; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, PauloThe increasing demand of modern societies for the production and use of chemical compounds coupled with inefficient sewage collection and treatment systems, results in an inadequate release of all types of pollutants in the environment. Emerging pollutants are potentially toxic substances that although typically found in very small concentrations can produce hazard effects on the environment. Due to their very small concentrations they are not yet included in the water quality monitoring programs neither in the environmental control legislation standards. Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPPs) represents an important group of emerging pollutants due to their continued increase in worldwide consumption and to their inherent capacity to induce physiological effects in very low doses, which raises concerns about the potential adverse effects on humans, animals and environmental systems. In this work, it will be presented the development and validation of an analytical methodology based in solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The method is validated through its application using real samples of aqueous matrices obtained from different hydric media (swimming pools, rivers and wastewater treatment plants). To extend the scope of the analytical method and thereby a more comprehensive study, the study includes five pharmaceutical drugs that belong to four different pharmacological classes, namely, an analgesic (paracetamol), two antibiotics (azithromycin and sulfamethoxazole), an anticonvulsant (carbamazepine) and a stimulator of the central nervous system (caffeine). These compounds were selected due to their high use and medical prescription levels and consequently leading to a high probability of environmental contamination.
- Massive dissemination of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike Y839 variant in PortugalPublication . Borges, Vítor; Isidro, Joana; Cortes-Martins, Helena; Duarte, Sílvia; Vieira, Luís; Leite, Ricardo; Gordo, Isabel; Caetano, Constantino P.; Nunes, Baltazar; Sá, Regina; Oliveira, Ana; Guiomar, Raquel; Portuguese network for SARS-CoV-2 genomics (Consortium); Pinto, M. Alice; Rodrigues, CarinaGenomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 was rapidly implemented in Portugal by the National Institute of Health in collaboration with a nationwide consortium of >50 hospitals/laboratories. Here, we track the geo-temporal spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant with a mutation (D839Y) in a potential host-interacting region involving the Spike fusion peptide, which is a target motif of anti-viral drugs that plays a key role in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. The Spike Y839 variant was most likely imported from Italy in mid-late February and massively disseminated in Portugal during the early epidemic, becoming prevalent in the Northern and Central regions of Portugal where it represented 22% and 59% of the sampled genomes, respectively, by 30 April. Based on our high sequencing sampling during the early epidemics [15.5% (1275/8251) and 6.0% (1500/24987) of all confirmed cases until the end of March and April, respectively], we estimate that between 14 March and 9 April (covering the epidemic exponential phase) the relative frequency of the Spike Y839 variant increased at a rate of 12.1% (6.1%–18.2%, CI 95%) every three days, being potentially associated with 24.8% (20.8–29.7%, CI 95%; 3177–4542 cases, CI 95%) of all COVID-19 cases in Portugal during this period. Our data support population/epidemiological (founder) effects contributing to the Y839 variant super spread. The potential existence of selective advantage is also discussed, although experimental validation is required. Despite huge differences in genome sampling worldwide, SARS-CoV-2 Spike D839Y has been detected in 13 countries in four continents, supporting the need for close surveillance and functional assays of Spike variants.
- Time trends and geographic patterns of mortality due to tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer in PortugalPublication . Teixeira, Cristina; Fialho, Cristiana; Cunha, Joana; Oliveira, Ana; Afonso, Andrea Luísa Fernandes; Nogueira, António José M.Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer (TBLC) remains a major public health concern. Knowledge about geographic patterns and time trends in TBLC could give insights to better address this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the geographic patterns and time trends in mortality due to TBLC observed in Portugal. TBLC-related deaths and population estimates (2011–2021) were derived from the Instituto Nacional de Estatística. Age-standardized mortality rates for people aged 50 or more (ASMR_50+) per 100,000 were obtained. Analyses were stratified by gender, geographic region, and level of urbanization. The time trends in ASMR_50+ were evaluated using joinpoint regression models, and the values for the annual percentage change (APC) and the respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained. Differences in mortality due to TBLC between regions and levels of urbanization (2017–2021) were assessed through a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and the respective 95% CI. In 2021, the ASMR_50+ per 100,000 inhabitants observed in mainland Portugal was 158.0 and 40.4 among men and women, respectively. According to the time-trend analysis, ASMR_50+ due to TBLC remained stable or described a downward trend among men, but there was an upward trend among women in suburban and urban regions. Observed deaths were significantly higher than the expected for men in urban areas (SMR = 125%; 95% CI: 121–128 and SMR = 118%; 95% CI: 115–122 in Norte and Lisboa, respectively), and women in Urban Norte (SMR = 125%; 95%CI: 119–131). Lower mortality than expected was observed among men living in Rural Norte and Rural Centro, as well as, among women living in all the rural areas. In suburban areas, the observed deaths were lower, higher, or as expected depending on the geographic region and gender. A notable upward trend in mortality due to TBLC among women was observed. The geographic patterns observed suggest the effects of deleterious environmental factors and smoking habits, deserving attention from policymakers.