Browsing by Author "Karimi, Mohsen"
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- Analyses of adsorption behavior of CO2, CH4, and N2 on different types of BETA ZeolitesPublication . Henrique, Adriano; Karimi, Mohsen; Silva, José A.C.; Rodrigues, AlírioThe adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of CO2, CH4, and N2 on three types of BETA zeolites were investigated at different temperatures and a defined partial pressure range from dynamic breakthrough experiments. The adsorbed amount followed the decreasing order of CO2 >CH4 >N2 for all studied materials. For the same ratio of SiO2/Al2O3, the Na-BETA-25 zeolite showed a higher uptake capacity than H-BETA-25, due to the presence of a Na+ cationic center. Comparing the same H+ compensation cation, zeolite H-BETA-25 expressed a slightly higher adsorption capacity than H-BETA-150. Regarding the selectivity of gases, based on their affinity constants, H-BETA-150 displayed the best ability. The adsorption kinetics was considered using the zero-length-column (ZLC) technique. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate the interactions between adsorption parameters and to describe the process.
- Biochar for climate change mitigationPublication . Shahhoseini, Ehsan; Arefifard, Moslem; Karimi, MohsenThe growing rate of greenhouse gases (GHGs), especially CO2, related to human enterprises has been introduced as the main global challenge of 21st century. On the grounds, a significant attention has been devoted to reduce, control and utilize the GHGs. Among different considered strategies, considering biomass/biochar carbon materials as a sustainable economical sorbent in the adsorption technology for CO2 capture and climate change mitigation is one of the most promising techniques. On the other hand, measuring the extent of the development of a country has always been a matter of concern to the economic experts. There are different ways to gauge the development. Human Development Index (HDI) is the most popular index to show the economic and social performance. Nevertheless, HDI does not mention some features which are important to improve the living conditions. Accordingly, in the last report of “United Nations Development Program”, HDI emphasizes on CO2 emissions and material footprint. In the field of international relations, concepts have undergone various changes and today the threat to international peace and security is an important issue at the macro level. One of the most sensitive political issues is the climate change, which threatens world peace and security. Hence, international efforts have accelerated and various agreements have been set up that require more precise scientific and practical solutions. To this end, biochar is one of these solutions that can be considered to create positive results by having potential effects on strengthening peace, security and development.
- Biochar in carbon sequestrationPublication . Shirzad, Mohammad; Karimi, Mohsen; Rodrigues, Alírio; Silva, José A.C.The increase of carbon dioxide emissions and the global warming consequences is today a considerable environmental concern. On the contrary, the rapid growth in the energy consumption throughout the world has exacerbated the CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Accordingly, carbon capture sequestration and utilization have been considered as a potential emission mitigation strategy. In this way, several strategies and technologies including: absorption, membranes, adsorption etc. have been proposed, which adsorption technology using solid sorbents due to the lower environmental side-effects also lower energy consumption is one of the most favorable strategies. However, despite the significant efforts made for developing novel solid adsorbents for CO2 mitigation, still the elements of cost and synthesis have remained as main challenges. To this end, biochar carbon materials have been employed as a source of adsorbent through CO2 capture and sequestration process not only to satisfy these factors but also as a pathway to the solid waste management. Herein, the key concepts on the carbon capture and sequestration also adsorption processes have been discussed. Next, the capability of biomass/biochar as a low-cost origin of potential adsorbent is extensively discussed.
- Biogas upgrading using shaped MOF MIL-160(Al) by pressure swing adsorption process: Experimental and dynamic modelling assessmentPublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Siqueira, Rafael M.; Rodrigues, Alírio; Nouar, Farid; Silva, José A.C.; Serre, Christian; Ferreira, AlexandreBiogas has been introduced as a sustainable source of energy, which is considered as a promising alternative for conventional fossil fuels. Indeed, biogas requires to be upgraded from the impurities, specifically, carbon dioxide to be commercially utilized. In this study, the potential of shaped form MIL-160(Al) as a water stable Al dicarboxylate microporous MOF has been assessed concerning the biogas upgrading application. To this end, firstly, the dynamic fixed-bed adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane was investigated at 313 K and 4.0 bar. The measured breakthrough outcomes were simulated with a developed mathematical model, which the results confirmed an acceptable potential of model predictions. Afterwards, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process with 5-steps was designed relying on dynamic equilibrium results, and experimentally validated by a lab-scale PSA set-up for a 50:50 CO2/CH4 mixture. Finally, an industrial PSA process was designed to have a precise knowledge on the potential of MIL-160(Al) for biogas upgrading for large scale applications. The results demonstrated the purity and recovery of methane around 99 % and 63 %, respectively, which indicated the appealing capacity of this adsorbent for such a purpose.
- Biomass as a source of adsorbents for CO2 capturePublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Rodrigues, Alírio; Silva, José A.C.CO2 capture and global warming have become the major anxiety of mankind in recent decades, and many researchers attempt to find the best strategies for these challenges. Besides the nature of global warming, the rapid increase of population and high consumption of energy have intensified this problem.
- Biomass/biochar carbon materials for CO2 capture and sequestration by cyclic adsorption processes: a review and prospects for future directionsPublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Shirzad, Mohammad; Silva, José A.C.; Rodrigues, AlírioThe persistent enhancement of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere originated from anthropogenic activities, especially CO2, resulted in several serious global challenges. In this way, employing biomass, biochar, etc., as a low-cost precursor for CO2 adsorbent is promising not only in the view of hydrophobic character and abundant resources, but also is an illustrious strategy for solid wastes management as a consequence of the exponential population expansion. Herein, key concepts on adsorption technology, waste management, and different activation techniques on raw carbons materials have firstly been discussed. Afterwards, almost all accomplished studies on cyclic adsorption processes e.g. PSA, TSA, VSA, etc., which employed biomass/biochar as a source of adsorbents have been extensively reviewed, that gives a precise knowledge for large scale application of these materials. Furthermore, in the last part of this work, biomass/biochar adsorbent based samples, which have already been studied for CO2 capture, but till now, they have not been evaluated at the bench/pilot scale by cyclic adsorption process, are introduced for future directions. Also for the reader’s of this work, key concepts of each section have been summarized in the form of simple figures and tables that will help to identify clearly the prominent accomplished works till now.
- Breakthrough measurement of carbon dioxide adsorption on lowcost activated carbons derived from solid wastesPublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Gonçalves, Carmem Natália de Pina; Silva, José A.C.; Rodrigues, Alírio; Gomes, HelderIn this study, based on the scopes of CCS strategy and municipal solid waste management, a novel Integrated Environment Management (IEM) strategy has been proposed. In this way, the obtained compost in the mechanical biological treatment from municipal solid wastes has been considered as a source of adsorbents for CO2 capture. In this way, the maturated compost waste was modified by liquid phase treatment with sulfuric acid and thermal treatment at 800 0C. Then, the prevalent operational conditions of post-combustion processes have been considered to find the best prepared samples for CO2 capture.
- Capture of CO2 in activated carbon synthesized from municipal solid waste compostPublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Zafanelli, Lucas F.A.S.; Almeida, João P.; Silva, José A.C.; Rodrigues, Alírio; Ströher, Gylles R.In this study, municipal solid waste composts obtained from mechanical biological treat-ment has been considered as a source of adsorbents for CO2 capture. Three samples de-rived from the maturated compost in the municipal solid wastes were modified to produce activated carbon. The first sample was treated with sulfuric acid, the second one was thermally treated at 800 0C and the last one was modified chemically and thermally with sulfuric acid and at 800 0C. Then, the CO2 uptake capacity of prepared samples was measured through breakthrough adsorption experiments at the post combustion operation-al conditions to collect isotherm data. Also a fixed bed adsorption mathematical model was developed by applying mass and energy balances. Results showed the municipal solid wastes have an excellent capacity to be considered as source of adsorbent for CO2 capture also the mathematical model is able to predict breakthrough data.
- Carbon dioxide separation and capture by adsorption: a reviewPublication . Karimi, Mohsen; Shirzad, Mohammad; Silva, José A.C.; Rodrigues, AlírioRising adverse impact of climate change caused by anthropogenic activities is calling for advanced methods to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Here, we review adsorption technologies for carbon dioxide capture with focus on materials, techniques, and processes, additive manufacturing, direct air capture, machine learning, life cycle assessment, commercialization and scale-up.
- CO2 Capture in Chemically and Thermally Modified Activated Carbons Using Breakthrough Measurements: Experimental and Modeling StudyPublication . Silva, José A.C.; Karimi, Mohsen; Gonçalves, Carmem Natália de Pina; Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Rodrigues, Alírio; Gomes, HelderThe development of adsorption-based technologies for CO2 capture in the post combustion processes requires finding materials with high capacity of adsorption and low cost of preparation. In this study, the modification of a commercial activated carbon (Norit ROX 0.8), considered as a solid adsorbent for CO2 capture, and the effects of different methods of activations, chemically (hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and urea) and thermally (at 800 °C) on adsorption performance, have been investigated. Then, CO2 adsorption capacity was studied at different temperatures and pressures to evaluate the effects of various agents on sample performance. The textural properties of the samples were determined using adsorption−desorption isotherms of nitrogen at −196 °C. Finally, the obtained data were modeled by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Langmuir isotherm. The results showed that the prepared sample by successive treatments with nitric acid, urea, and thermal calcination has a higher uptake capacity than other modified samples.
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