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Abstract(s)
The composite materials have demonstrated an improvement in some properties, like the
weight, the durability, the corrosion resistance, and the sound and warmth insulation,
relatively to the classical metallic materials. In addition, the low cost and flexibility of the
structures manufacturing process with composite materials has motivated there growing in
automotive engineering. With the advent of composite materials, lighter and with specific
resistance higher than the metallic, the elements with lower responsibility in vehicles were
gradually replaced by these new materials. Nowadays, the energetic crises, with the increase
of oil prices, have forced the automotive industry to go further and creating a new
generation of more efficient vehicles. One of the key elements in this strategy is to build new
light weight vehicles, and the best option to achieve this goal is increasing the use of
composite materials. This means that basic structural elements have to be constructed in
composite materials. In these applications, the structural elements are highly demanded and
work near of its mechanical strength limit, with high safety requirements. Also, these
structures usually present a high strength/weight ratio. Accordingly, it requires a low
tolerance to damage and therefore requires a tighter control of the integrity of the
components by periodic inspections with non-destructive techniques. In those
circumstances, a low tolerance to damage is required and, therefore, a tight control of the
components integrity by periodic inspections with non-destructive techniques. Despite its
higher strength / weight ratio, the composite elements are more sensitive to internal
damages and present types of defects and/or damages are different than the metallic. The
main damages in composite laminates are the interlaminar debonding, micro-cracks, microbuckling
and inclusions. These internal damages usually result from the manufacturing
process and/or external stresses during service.
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Citation
Lopes, H.; Ribeiro, J.E. (2012). Structural health monitoring in composite automotive elements. In Carmo, João Paulo; Ribeiro, J.E. (eds) New Advances in Vehicular Technology and Automotive Engineering. Intech. p. 285-301. ISBN 978-953-51-0698-2.