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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Nas últimas décadas tem-se assistido a uma degradação dos recursos
humanos no setor da saúde, levando a que uma das questões políticas fundamentais
se preocupe com o desequilíbrio na distribuição dos médicos pelas diversas zonas
geográficas (OCDE, 2019). Perante esta problemática, é comum os governos
definirem políticas de incentivos para atrair médicos para zonas consideradas,
legalmente, mais carenciadas. No entanto, segundo Holte el at. (2015) estas políticas
nem sempre alcançam os resultados pretendidos, pelo que os responsáveis pela sua
formulação devem considerar, de forma ponderada, quais os objetivos políticos, os
mecanismos de influência e os grupos de médicos alvo (Holte et al., 2015; Ono et
al., 2014). Neste sentido, este artigo pretende obter resposta para a seguinte questão
de investigação: Quais os fatores de atratividade para a fixação dos médicos internos
de formação específica em zonas carenciadas, especificamente na Unidade Local de
Saúde no Nordeste, E.P.E. (ULSNE)? O pressuposto principal visa compreender
quais os fatores de atratividade, intrínsecos e extrínsecos, para a fixação dos médicos
internos que se encontram a frequentar a formação especializada, nesta zona
carenciada, de modo a perceber o que os motivaria, após o término da especialidade,
a nela permanecer para o exercício da prática médica. Com a resposta a esta questão
de investigação pretende-se contribuir para o desenvolvimento e implementação de
políticas públicas mais adequadas para corrigir os desequilíbrios da distribuição
geográfica dos médicos. A estratégia de investigação adotada segue um paradigma
interpretativista, apresentando uma abordagem qualitativa de um estudo de caso,
sendo utilizada a técnica de entrevista, realizada a médicos internos de formação
específica da ULSNE. A informação recolhida através da realização das entrevistas
permitiu verificar os pressupostos assumidos e averiguar que fatores intrínsecos e
extrínsecos contribuem para a escolha, por parte dos médicos internos de formação
específica da ULSNE, da zona para a prática médica. Permitiu verificar, também, o
impacto reduzido que os incentivos atribuídos pelo Governo apresentam
relativamente à decisão dos médicos internos em permanecer na ULSNE, ou noutra
zona carenciada, mostrando a necessidade de reformulação da política de incentivos.
In the last few decades, it has been noticed the degradation of human resources in the health sector, making that one of the fundamental political issues focuses on the poorly distribution of doctors by the diverse geographic areas (OCDE, 2019). Faced with these problems, it's common for the governments to set political initiatives to lure doctors to deprived areas. However, according to Holte et al. (2015), these policies do not always reach their wanted results. Their success depends on the process of development and implementation. In this sense, policy makers should carefully consider which are the policy goals, mechanisms of influence, and target doctors (Holte et al., 2015; Ono et al., 2014). Therefore, this article aims to answer to the following research question: Which are the attractiveness factors for the establishment of interns with specific training in deprived areas, specifically in the Northeast Local Health Unit, E.P.E. (ULSNE)? The main assumption aims to understand the attractiveness factors, intrinsic and extrinsic, for the establishment of internal doctors, who are attending specialized training in this deprived area, in order to understand what would motivate them, after the end of their training, to remain in the deprived area for the exercise of medical practice. The answer to this research question intends to contribute to the development and implementation of more appropriate public policies to correct the imbalances in the geographical distribution of doctors. The research strategy adopted follows an interpretative paradigm, presenting a qualitative approach of a case study, using the interview technique conducted to interns with specific training at ULSNE. The information gathered through the interviews allowed us to verify the assumptions made and to verify that intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to the choice made by internal doctors with ULSNE specific training of the area for medical practice. It also verified the reduced impact that the incentives granted by the Government have in relation to the decision of the internal doctors to stay in ULSNE, or in another deprived area, showing the need for reformulation of the incentives policy.
In the last few decades, it has been noticed the degradation of human resources in the health sector, making that one of the fundamental political issues focuses on the poorly distribution of doctors by the diverse geographic areas (OCDE, 2019). Faced with these problems, it's common for the governments to set political initiatives to lure doctors to deprived areas. However, according to Holte et al. (2015), these policies do not always reach their wanted results. Their success depends on the process of development and implementation. In this sense, policy makers should carefully consider which are the policy goals, mechanisms of influence, and target doctors (Holte et al., 2015; Ono et al., 2014). Therefore, this article aims to answer to the following research question: Which are the attractiveness factors for the establishment of interns with specific training in deprived areas, specifically in the Northeast Local Health Unit, E.P.E. (ULSNE)? The main assumption aims to understand the attractiveness factors, intrinsic and extrinsic, for the establishment of internal doctors, who are attending specialized training in this deprived area, in order to understand what would motivate them, after the end of their training, to remain in the deprived area for the exercise of medical practice. The answer to this research question intends to contribute to the development and implementation of more appropriate public policies to correct the imbalances in the geographical distribution of doctors. The research strategy adopted follows an interpretative paradigm, presenting a qualitative approach of a case study, using the interview technique conducted to interns with specific training at ULSNE. The information gathered through the interviews allowed us to verify the assumptions made and to verify that intrinsic and extrinsic factors contribute to the choice made by internal doctors with ULSNE specific training of the area for medical practice. It also verified the reduced impact that the incentives granted by the Government have in relation to the decision of the internal doctors to stay in ULSNE, or in another deprived area, showing the need for reformulation of the incentives policy.
Description
Keywords
Fixação de médicos Zonas carenciadas Política pública de incentivos Jovens médicos
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Mesquita, Sofia; Costa, Cláudia S.; Pires, Rui A.R. (2021). Mobilidade e incentivos: a política pública convence os médicos?. In III Encontro Internacional de Língua Portuguesa e Relações Lusófonas - LUSOCONF2021: livro de resumos. Bragança. ISBN 978-972-745-296-5
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança