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Abstract(s)
Quercus suber, conhecido como sobreiro, é uma espécie arbórea de alta importância para
a economia de Portugal. Este país é o maior produtor mundial de cortiça, material
derivado da casca espessa e suberosa do sobreiro, utilizada em produtos como rolhas de
vinho, isolamentos acústicos e térmicos. A produção de cortiça sustenta milhares de
empregos e gera receitas significativas através das exportações, destacando-se por sua
sustentabilidade. No entanto, o sobreiro enfrenta ameaças de pragas, especialmente a
cobrilha-da-cortiça (Coroebus undatus). Em seu estado larval, este inseto desenvolve-se
na camada suberífera da casca, criando galerias que comprometem a qualidade da cortiça
e enfraquecem a árvore. A infestação por cobrilha-da-cortiça representa um desafio
significativo para os produtores, necessitando de estratégias eficazes de controlo e
monitoramento. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um inventário dos
sobreiros na região de Trás-os-Montes, em Portugal, para entender melhor os hábitos e a
ocorrência da cobrilha-da-cortiça. Foram amostrados 477 sobreiros, distribuídos
aleatoriamente na região de Trás-os-Montes. Cada árvore foi georreferenciada, e diversos
parâmetros foram registados, incluindo a presença de galerias da cobrilha-da-cortiça, o
número de galerias em cada posição cardeal e altura no tronco, o comprimento das
galerias, o diâmetro do tronco, a dominância do sobreiro no povoamento, o tipo de
cobertura vegetal e o estado sanitário da árvore. Os resultados mostraram que a ocorrência
da cobrilha-da-cortiça está correlacionada com latitude, diâmetro do tronco e tipo de
vegetação de cobertura. A infestação foi mais frequente em áreas de maior latitude e em
árvores com maior diâmetro. Certos tipos de coberto vegetal também favoreceram a
proliferação do inseto. Concluiu-se que fatores como latitude e diâmetro das árvores são
cruciais na avaliação e manejo de povoamentos de sobreiros. Esses insights podem ajudar
a implementar medidas preventivas mais eficazes, melhorando o manejo integrado de
pragas e a sustentabilidade da produção de cortiça. O estudo destaca a importância de
continuar a pesquisa sobre a cobrilha-da-cortiça para desenvolver novas estratégias de
controlo e minimizar seu impacto econômico e ecológico.
Quercus suber, known as the cork oak, is a tree species of high economic importance to Portugal. This country is the world's largest producer of cork, a material derived from the thick, suberous bark of the cork oak, used in products such as wine stoppers, acoustic and thermal insulation. Cork production supports thousands of jobs and generates significant revenue through exports, standing out for its sustainability. However, the cork oak faces threats from pests, particularly the cork oak borer (Coroebus undatus). In its larval state, this insect develops in the suberous layer of the bark, creating galleries that compromise the quality of the cork and weaken the tree. Infestation by the cork oak borer represents a significant challenge for producers, necessitating effective control and monitoring strategies. The present study aimed to inventory the cork oaks in the Trás-os-Montes region of Portugal to better understand the habits and occurrence of the cork oak borer. A total of 477 cork oaks were sampled, randomly distributed in the Trás-os-Montes region. Each tree was georeferenced, and various parameters were recorded, including the presence of cork oak borer galleries, the number of galleries at each cardinal position and height on the trunk, the length of the galleries, trunk diameter, the dominance of the cork oak in the stand, the type of vegetation cover, and the sanitary condition of the tree. The results showed that the occurrence of the cork oak borer is correlated with latitude, trunk diameter, and type of vegetation cover. Infestation was more frequent in areas of higher latitude and in trees with larger diameters. Certain types of vegetation cover also favored the proliferation of the insect. It was concluded that factors such as latitude and tree diameter are crucial in the assessment and management of cork oak stands. These insights can help implement more effective preventive measures, improving integrated pest management and the sustainability of cork production. The study highlights the importance of continuing research on the cork oak borer to develop new control strategies and minimize its economic and ecological impact.
Quercus suber, known as the cork oak, is a tree species of high economic importance to Portugal. This country is the world's largest producer of cork, a material derived from the thick, suberous bark of the cork oak, used in products such as wine stoppers, acoustic and thermal insulation. Cork production supports thousands of jobs and generates significant revenue through exports, standing out for its sustainability. However, the cork oak faces threats from pests, particularly the cork oak borer (Coroebus undatus). In its larval state, this insect develops in the suberous layer of the bark, creating galleries that compromise the quality of the cork and weaken the tree. Infestation by the cork oak borer represents a significant challenge for producers, necessitating effective control and monitoring strategies. The present study aimed to inventory the cork oaks in the Trás-os-Montes region of Portugal to better understand the habits and occurrence of the cork oak borer. A total of 477 cork oaks were sampled, randomly distributed in the Trás-os-Montes region. Each tree was georeferenced, and various parameters were recorded, including the presence of cork oak borer galleries, the number of galleries at each cardinal position and height on the trunk, the length of the galleries, trunk diameter, the dominance of the cork oak in the stand, the type of vegetation cover, and the sanitary condition of the tree. The results showed that the occurrence of the cork oak borer is correlated with latitude, trunk diameter, and type of vegetation cover. Infestation was more frequent in areas of higher latitude and in trees with larger diameters. Certain types of vegetation cover also favored the proliferation of the insect. It was concluded that factors such as latitude and tree diameter are crucial in the assessment and management of cork oak stands. These insights can help implement more effective preventive measures, improving integrated pest management and the sustainability of cork production. The study highlights the importance of continuing research on the cork oak borer to develop new control strategies and minimize its economic and ecological impact.
Description
Keywords
Cobrilha-da-cortiça Sobreiro Cortiça Galerias Larva