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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
In the face of a pressing global issue-the escalating threat of antibiotic resistancethe
development of new antimicrobial agents is urgent. Nanotechnology, with its
innovative approach, emerges as a promising solution to enhance the efficacy of
these agents and combat the challenge of microbial resistance. Chitosan
nanoparticles (CSNPs) stand out in biomedical applications, particularly in the
controlled release of antibiotics, with their unique properties such as
biocompatibility, stability, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and simple synthesis
processes suitable for sensitive molecules. This study synthesized CSNPs using
the ionotropic gelation method, with tripolyphosphate (TPP) as the crosslinking
agent. Various CS: TPP ratios (6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1) were tested, and the resulting
nanoparticles were evaluated using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The CS: TPP
ratio of 4:1, with an average hydrodynamic diameter (DHP) of (195 ± 10) nm and a
zeta potential of (51 ± 1) mV, was identified as the most suitable for further
analysis. The characterization of NPs by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed diameters of (65 ± 14) nm and
(102 ± 18) nm, respectively. Notably, CSNPs exhibited significant aggregation
during centrifugation and lyophilization, leading to diameter increases of up to
285% as measured by AFM. The antibacterial activity of CSNPs against
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was assessed using the resazurin
assay. It was found that CSNPs not subjected to centrifugation, freezing, and
lyophilization retained their antimicrobial activity. In contrast, those that
underwent these processes lost their efficacy, likely due to aggregation and
destabilization of the system. This study presents a straightforward and effective
protocol for encapsulating sensitive active agents and synthesizing chitosan
nanoparticles, a potential system with significant implications in the fight
against antibiotic resistance.
Description
Keywords
Chitosan Nanoparticles Synthesis Antibiotic resistance AFM DLS TEM
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Bouillons-Gamboa, Rosvin E. Des; Oca-Vásquez, Gabriela Montes de; Vega-Baudrit, Jose Roberto; Ríos-Duarte, Liz Carolina; Lopretti, Mary; Rentería-Urquiza, Maite; Zúñiga-Umaña, Juan Miguel; Barreiro, Filomena; Vázquez, Patricia (2024). Synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP): effect of CH-CH-TPP ratio on size and stability of NPs. Frontiers in Chemistry. ISSN 2296-2646. 12, p. 1-14
Publisher
Frontiers