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Abstract(s)
A floricultura transmontana é o objecto de estudo desta dissertação, através da qual se pretende identificar o estado actual da actividade recorrendo à análise externa e interna através da consulta documental e do estudo empírico, respectivamente. Para a sua prossecução analisou-se o meio sócio-económico que, para além do nível educacional baixo, mostrou a tendência da população relativamente ao envelhecimento, litoralização e concentração nos centros urbanos. A estrutura fundiária revelou caracterizar-se pela predominância da exploração por conta própria, pequena dimensão, grande fragmentação, baixo grau de mecanização e pequena importância da área regada. Por fim, as contas regionais provaram a importância que o sector primário ainda detém na região.
Para a análise interna inquiriram-se 36 floricultores transmontanos através de um questionário administrado directamente. O estudo da floricultura na região de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro revelou o seu carácter inovador face aos sistemas tradicionais de agricultura a que não estará alheia a predominância de floricultores jovens com um grau de educação/formação e especialização elevados. Quanto à estrutura agrária, verifica-se que os problemas estruturais referidos não limitam o desenvolvimento da actividade. O mesmo não se pode dizer do clima que obriga ao uso de estufas, o que implica a existência de uma estrutura de custos fixos mais pesada. Apesar do forte crescimento, assente na penetração de mercado, e das boas perspectivas de desenvolvimento, a actividade é condicionada pela excessiva dependência de empresas espanholas que intervêm na formação do preço, quer dos produtos florícolas, quer das matérias-primas, limitando, irremediavelmente, a rentabilidade, a competitividade e a gestão da actividade.
The object of this dissertation is Trás-os-Montes’s floriculture. The main objective is identify the activity’s state of art of by doing an external and internal analysis using documents consult and empirical study, respectively. A social-economical analysis revealed that educational level was low and show the population is growing old and moving to littoral and urban centres. The foundry structure’s characteristics are own exploitation, little dimension , big fragmentation, low level degree mechanisation and little watered area predominance The study of regional accounts proved the primary’s sector importance still have in the region. The internal analysis was made by inquiring 36 regional floriculturists through a survey questionnaire directly administrated. The Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro floriculture revealed the innovative character facing the traditional agriculture systems. This fact may be explained by the floriculturists youth, high education/formation and specialisation degree. The foundry structure’s study show problem’s existence that doesn’t affect activities development. This isn’t applicable to climate factors since the greenhouses use is required what means a heavy fixed costs structure. A penetration market strategy is responsible by the strong growing and good development perspectives characterised Trás-os-Montes floriculture, on a positive way. Yet, the excessive dependence that occurs with spanish firms which are, simultaneous, clients and suppliers and, therefore they control sale and cost prices, affects negatively the activity’s rentability and competitively.
The object of this dissertation is Trás-os-Montes’s floriculture. The main objective is identify the activity’s state of art of by doing an external and internal analysis using documents consult and empirical study, respectively. A social-economical analysis revealed that educational level was low and show the population is growing old and moving to littoral and urban centres. The foundry structure’s characteristics are own exploitation, little dimension , big fragmentation, low level degree mechanisation and little watered area predominance The study of regional accounts proved the primary’s sector importance still have in the region. The internal analysis was made by inquiring 36 regional floriculturists through a survey questionnaire directly administrated. The Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro floriculture revealed the innovative character facing the traditional agriculture systems. This fact may be explained by the floriculturists youth, high education/formation and specialisation degree. The foundry structure’s study show problem’s existence that doesn’t affect activities development. This isn’t applicable to climate factors since the greenhouses use is required what means a heavy fixed costs structure. A penetration market strategy is responsible by the strong growing and good development perspectives characterised Trás-os-Montes floriculture, on a positive way. Yet, the excessive dependence that occurs with spanish firms which are, simultaneous, clients and suppliers and, therefore they control sale and cost prices, affects negatively the activity’s rentability and competitively.
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Keywords
Organização Mercado Floricultura Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Citation
Fernandes, António - Organização e desenvolvimento do mercado da floricultura e sua importância para a economia da região de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. Covilhã : UBI, 2000. Tese de Mestrado