| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.98 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A pesca lúdica e desportiva no Parque Natural de Montesinho (PNM) e área envolvente representa uma atividade muito valorizada pelos pescadores transmontanos, constituindo um dos serviços de ecossistema importantes na região. O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as perceções e atitudes da comunidade de pescadores no PNM e envolvente, mediante a realização a inquéritos presenciais. De forma complementar, foi feita a caracterização abiótica e avaliada a qualidade biológica dos principais rios da região através do recurso às metodologias da Diretiva-Quadro da Água. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a pesca é uma atividade aglutinadora do tecido social da região, embora praticada apenas por homens e sendo menos atrativa para os jovens. Os custos associados são, para a maioria, relativamente baixos (< 250 €). A truta-de-rio (Salmo trutta) é a espécie preferida, seguida por outras espécies nativas (e.g. boga-do-Douro e escalo-do- norte), procuradas maioritariamente nos rios Tuela, Sabor e Baceiro, para os quais percorrem menos de 50 Km, preferencialmente em viatura própria ou de amigos. Importa assinalar um crescente interesse pelas espécies exóticas (e.g. achigã, lúcio) recentemente introduzidos em ambientes lênticos próximos (e.g. barragem do Azibo). A grande maioria não pratica a pesca sem morte, nem pertence a associações de pesca, embora sejam de opinião que mais e maiores peixes possam ser capturados com melhor gestão e comportamento dos pescadores. Com efeito, metade dos pescadores usa iscos naturais, a maioria ilegais, recorrendo a técnicas de pesca com uso de amostras e boias e menos à pluma e fundo. A maioria não vê necessidade na avaliação de conhecimentos, embora demonstrem lacunas na bioecologia das espécies piscícolas. A reconstrução/desassoreamento de açudes é a principal melhoria proposta para os rios da região, conjuntamente com os repovoamentos, vigilância e limpeza das margens. Apesar da boa qualidade ecológica detetada nos rios de montanha do PNM, sinais de degradação (e.g. poluição, introdução de invasoras, morte dos amiais, secas prolongadas) podem estar na origem da diminuição da densidade piscícola, aliás confirmada pelos inquéritos realizados aos pescadores. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a necessidade de proceder a uma gestão sustentável dos ecossistemas aquáticos, tendo em conta as ameaças atuais, com o intuito da conservação e exploração dos recursos aquícolas deve ser feita num quadro de sustentabilidade ecológica.
Recreational and sport fishing in the Montesinho Natural Park (PNM) and contiguous areas represents an activity highly valued by fishermen in northeastern Portugal, being one of the most important ecosystem services of the region. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the perceptions and attitudes of the fishing community in the PNM, by carrying out face-to-face surveys. Complementarily, an abiotic characterization was carried out and the biological quality of the main rivers in the region using the methodologies of the Water Framework Directive. The results obtained demonstrate that fishing is an activity that brings together the social tissue of the region, although practiced only by men and less attractive to young people. The associated costs are, for most, relatively low (< 250 €). The brown trout (Salmo trutta) is the preferred species, followed by other native species (Northern straight-mouth nase and Northern Iberian chub), mainly captured in the Tuela, Sabor and Baceiro rivers, for which they travel less than 50 km, preferably in their own or friends' vehicle. It is important to note a growing interest in exotic species (e.g. largemouth bass, pike) recently introduced in nearby lentic environments (e.g. Azibo dam). The vast majority of fishermen do not practice fishing without death, nor do they belong to fishing associations, although they believe that more and larger fish can be caught with better management and fishermen's behavior. In fact, half of the fishermen use natural baits, most of them illegal, resorting to fishing techniques using samples and buoys and less plume. Most do not need to assess knowledge, although they showed gaps in the bioecology of fish species. The reconstruction of weirs is the main improvement proposed for the region's rivers, together with stocking, inspection and bank clearcut. Despite the good ecological quality detected in the mountain rivers of the PNM, signs of degradation (e.g. pollution, invasive alien species, alder disease, droughts) can be related with fish density decrease, also confirmed by the fishermen. The results obtained reinforce the need to carry out a sustainable management of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account current threats in order to conserve and exploit fish resources within na ecological sustainability framework.
Recreational and sport fishing in the Montesinho Natural Park (PNM) and contiguous areas represents an activity highly valued by fishermen in northeastern Portugal, being one of the most important ecosystem services of the region. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the perceptions and attitudes of the fishing community in the PNM, by carrying out face-to-face surveys. Complementarily, an abiotic characterization was carried out and the biological quality of the main rivers in the region using the methodologies of the Water Framework Directive. The results obtained demonstrate that fishing is an activity that brings together the social tissue of the region, although practiced only by men and less attractive to young people. The associated costs are, for most, relatively low (< 250 €). The brown trout (Salmo trutta) is the preferred species, followed by other native species (Northern straight-mouth nase and Northern Iberian chub), mainly captured in the Tuela, Sabor and Baceiro rivers, for which they travel less than 50 km, preferably in their own or friends' vehicle. It is important to note a growing interest in exotic species (e.g. largemouth bass, pike) recently introduced in nearby lentic environments (e.g. Azibo dam). The vast majority of fishermen do not practice fishing without death, nor do they belong to fishing associations, although they believe that more and larger fish can be caught with better management and fishermen's behavior. In fact, half of the fishermen use natural baits, most of them illegal, resorting to fishing techniques using samples and buoys and less plume. Most do not need to assess knowledge, although they showed gaps in the bioecology of fish species. The reconstruction of weirs is the main improvement proposed for the region's rivers, together with stocking, inspection and bank clearcut. Despite the good ecological quality detected in the mountain rivers of the PNM, signs of degradation (e.g. pollution, invasive alien species, alder disease, droughts) can be related with fish density decrease, also confirmed by the fishermen. The results obtained reinforce the need to carry out a sustainable management of aquatic ecosystems, taking into account current threats in order to conserve and exploit fish resources within na ecological sustainability framework.
Description
Keywords
Pesca Inquéritos Qualidade biológica Conservação Gestão