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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Plants have been used since ancient times due to their biological action associated mainly with
several phytochemicals, including phenolic compounds1. Thymus vulgaris L. is a species described
as a potential source of natural molecules with applications in the food industry, but also in the
cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry due to its antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory
effects2. In this sense, the present study aimed to compare extraction systems in terms of phenolic
compounds from T. vulgaris through the heat-assisted (HAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction
(UAE) techniques, aiming to improve its potential for industrial applications. For this propose, an
extraction optimization was studied using three independent variables, time (t, minutes), solvent (S,
% of ethanol), and temperature (T, ºC) or power (P, W), in a three-level Box-Behnken design,
analyzing the surface methodology (RSM). The extraction yield and the content in phenolic
compounds identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS were the experimental responses applied. The
polynomial models were successfully fitted to the experimental data and used to determine the
optimal HAE and UAE conditions. Nineteen phenolic compounds were identified, nine of which
were phenolic acids (mainly caffeic acid derivatives) and ten flavonoids: flavan-3-ols (catechin
derivatives), flavones (quercetin derivatives), flavonols (apigenin and luteolin derivatives) and
flavanones (eriodictyol derivatives). The conditions obtained for the optimal extraction of phenolic
compounds, that allowed the experimental validation of the predictive model are 3% ethanol (v/v)
for 89 minutes at a temperature of 98º C for HAE and 77% ethanol (v/v) for 17 minutes at 207 W
for UAE.
Extraction optimization is important from an industrial point of view, as it allows obtaining extracts
with a high content of bioactive compounds. Considering that the phenolic composition appears in
literature as a direct influence on bioactive properties, the optimization processes will allow a better
exploitation of extracts, ensuring the greatest cost reduction for the industry.
Description
Keywords
Plants Bioactive compounds Research Subject Categories::TECHNOLOGY::Chemical engineering::Food technology
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Caleja, Cristina; Pereira, Eliana; Spréa, Rafael Mascoloti; Finimundy, Tiane C.; Carocho, Márcio; Amaral, Joana S.; Prieto Lage, Miguel A.; Barros, Lillian (2022). Extraction optimization of bioactive compounds from Thymus ulgaris L.: comparison of heat-assisted and ultrasound-assisted extractions. In XVII Congress of the Italian Society of Phytochemistry. 3rd International Congress on Edible, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (ICEMAP 2022). Bari
Publisher
Università di Bari