| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.17 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Orçamento Participativo (OP) constitui uma das mais importantes inovações de
governança e democracia participativa em todo o mundo. As cidades de Porto Alegre, São
Paulo, Palmela, Lisboa, Nova Iorque ou Paris são apenas alguns exemplos de cidades que
utilizam o OP e fomentam a participação dos cidadãos na discussão e tomada de decisão
sobre os investimentos públicos. Estima-se, atualmente, a ocorrência entre 11.690 e 11.825
experiências de OP em 71 países. O Brasil foi pioneiro na elaboração do mecanismo e
Portugal é, atualmente, o país com as maiores taxas de implantação em todo o mundo.
Contudo, diversos autores indicam a ocorrência de barreiras nos processos de OP, como
as relações assimétricas entre o governo local e os cidadãos, a limitação de recursos
financeiros para investir nas propostas, a ausência de transparência, a falta de tempo dos
cidadãos e o fato de os projetos aprovados não serem implementados. Além das barreiras
exemplificadas, a pandemia de COVID-19 ocasionou novas barreiras ou agravou os
obstáculos anteriores à crise. Nesse sentido, a pandemia mudou o cotidiano das
populações ao redor do mundo, impactou a economia das famílias, impôs aos governos a
necessidade de gerenciar a diminuição da receita, alterou os padrões comportamentais e
os processos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar a percepção sobre as barreiras que
afetam o processo de OP sob a ótica da Administração Pública Local. O trabalho explora
as barreiras de acesso (motivos externos), de uso (opinião pessoal) e as barreiras que a
COVID-19 coloca ao OP. A pesquisa aplicou um questionário on-line utilizando uma escala
do tipo Likert para avaliar a percepção dos municípios paranaenses e portugueses sobre as
barreiras do OP. Por meio de uma abordagem quantitativa, os dados foram apresentados
e analisados utilizando estatística descritiva, testes paramétricos e não paramétricos. A
pesquisa identificou que não existem diferenças acentuadas entre as barreiras de acesso e
de uso no Paraná. Em Portugal, há significância estatística para diferenças entre os dois
grupos de barreiras, com maior percepção de ocorrência das barreiras de uso. Os
colaboradores da pesquisa responsáveis pela realização do OP, tanto nos municípios
paranaenses quanto nos portugueses indicaram que a crise provocada pela pandemia de
COVID-19 teve um impacto negativo sobre a realização dos processos. Há uma sinalização
de que a pandemia impôs a alteração dos processos de OP e quanto as possíveis
consequências restritivas da crise sobre a realização do mecanismo no futuro,
aparentemente não são totalmente claras, de acordo com os municípios analisados nos
dois países. O trabalho busca contribuir com o incremento da compreensão dos obstáculos
do OP, tanto para acadêmicos quanto para os participantes do processo.
Participatory Budgeting (PB) is one of the most important innovations in governance and participatory democracy worldwide. The cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo, Palmela, Lisbon, New York or Paris are just a few examples of cities that use PB and foster citizen participation in the discussion and decision-making on public investments. It is currently estimated that there are between 11,690 and 11,825 PB experiences in 71 countries. Brazil was a pioneer in the elaboration of the mechanism, and Portugal is currently the country with the highest implementation rates in the world. However, several authors indicate the occurrence of barriers in PB processes, such as asymmetric relations between local government and citizens, limited financial resources to invest in proposals, lack of transparency, citizens' lack of time, and the fact that approved projects are not implemented. In addition to the exemplified barriers, the pandemic of COVID-19 caused new barriers or worsened the pre-crisis barriers. In this sense, the pandemic has changed the daily lives of populations around the world, impacted household economies, imposed on governments the need to manage declining revenues, changed behavioral patterns and processes. The objective of this research is to identify the perception about the barriers affecting the PB process from the perspective of Local Public Administration. The research explores the barriers of access (external reasons), use (personal opinion), and the barriers COVID-19 imposes to the PB. The research applied an online questionnaire using a Likert-type scale to assess the perception of Paraná and Portuguese municipalities about the barriers of PB. Through a quantitative approach, data were presented and analyzed using descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric tests. The research identified that there are no marked differences between barriers of access and barriers of usage in Paraná. In Portugal, there is statistical significance for differences between the two groups of barriers, with a greater perception of the occurrence of use barriers. The research collaborators responsible for carrying out the PB in both Paraná and Portuguese municipalities indicated that the crisis caused by the pandemic of COVID-19 had a negative impact on the realization of the processes. There is a sign that the pandemic imposed a change in the PB processes, and the possible restrictive consequences of the crisis on the implementation of the mechanism in the future are apparently not totally clear, according to the municipalities analyzed in both countries. The work seeks to contribute to the improvement of understanding of the obstacles of participatory budgeting, both for academics and for participants in the process.
Participatory Budgeting (PB) is one of the most important innovations in governance and participatory democracy worldwide. The cities of Porto Alegre, São Paulo, Palmela, Lisbon, New York or Paris are just a few examples of cities that use PB and foster citizen participation in the discussion and decision-making on public investments. It is currently estimated that there are between 11,690 and 11,825 PB experiences in 71 countries. Brazil was a pioneer in the elaboration of the mechanism, and Portugal is currently the country with the highest implementation rates in the world. However, several authors indicate the occurrence of barriers in PB processes, such as asymmetric relations between local government and citizens, limited financial resources to invest in proposals, lack of transparency, citizens' lack of time, and the fact that approved projects are not implemented. In addition to the exemplified barriers, the pandemic of COVID-19 caused new barriers or worsened the pre-crisis barriers. In this sense, the pandemic has changed the daily lives of populations around the world, impacted household economies, imposed on governments the need to manage declining revenues, changed behavioral patterns and processes. The objective of this research is to identify the perception about the barriers affecting the PB process from the perspective of Local Public Administration. The research explores the barriers of access (external reasons), use (personal opinion), and the barriers COVID-19 imposes to the PB. The research applied an online questionnaire using a Likert-type scale to assess the perception of Paraná and Portuguese municipalities about the barriers of PB. Through a quantitative approach, data were presented and analyzed using descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric tests. The research identified that there are no marked differences between barriers of access and barriers of usage in Paraná. In Portugal, there is statistical significance for differences between the two groups of barriers, with a greater perception of the occurrence of use barriers. The research collaborators responsible for carrying out the PB in both Paraná and Portuguese municipalities indicated that the crisis caused by the pandemic of COVID-19 had a negative impact on the realization of the processes. There is a sign that the pandemic imposed a change in the PB processes, and the possible restrictive consequences of the crisis on the implementation of the mechanism in the future are apparently not totally clear, according to the municipalities analyzed in both countries. The work seeks to contribute to the improvement of understanding of the obstacles of participatory budgeting, both for academics and for participants in the process.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a Universidade Tecnológica Federal do
Paraná.
Keywords
Orçamento participativo Governos locais Barreiras de acesso Barreiras de uso COVID-19