| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.61 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Essa dissertação consiste na análise termoenergética um sistema de gaseificação de biomassa de blocos de madeira para alimentar com o syngas gerado dois sistemas, com dois diferentes tipos de motores de combustão interna: o motor RCX-210 da motobomba MRX-50 para o Sistema 1 e o motor de uma motocicleta Honda CG-125 Titan para o Sistema 2. Essa análise consistiu em aplicar a Primeira Lei da Termodinâmica, obtendo como resultado do balanço energético a potência entregue no veio do motor do Sistema 1 valores entre 2,16 a 2,57 kW e para o motor do Sistema 2 valores entre 6,30 a 7,49 kW. Com a análise energética global bteve-se para os dois sistemas uma eficiência de 22%, observando o quanto a biomassa foi eficientemente convertida para o funcionamento do sistema. Aplicou-se também a Segunda Lei da Termodinâmica identificando as magnitudes de ineficiências do sistema através da análise do desempenho exergética, com valores de irreversibilidades para o motor do Sistema 1 entre 1,30 a 1,54 kW e para o motor do Sistema 2 valores entre 4,82 a 4,55 kW. Por fim, encontrou-se uma eficiência exergética global de 40% para ambos os sistemas.
O gaseificador utilizado foi o modelo downdraft, um modelo considerado ideal para a biomassa de resíduo florestal, apresentando um teor de alcatrão reduzido e um gás mais limpo para a operação. Embora considerada uma tecnologia madura, a gaseificação ainda encontra desafios como uma perda aproximada em 30% da potência entregue ao veio do motor quando alimentado com syngas. Porém existem um potencial quando instalado em comunidades isoladas, onde o acesso a combustíveis derivado do petróleo é difícil, mas há abundância de biomassa residual.
This dissertation consists of a thermoenergetic analysis of a biomass gasification system of wooden blocks to feed the syngas generated two systems, with two different types of internal combustion engines: the RCX-210 engine of the MRX-50 motor pump for System 1 and the engine of a Honda CG-125 Titan motorcycle for System 2. This analysis consisted of applying the First Law of Thermodynamics, obtaining as a result of the energy balance the power delivered in the shaft of the System 1 engine values between 2.16 to 2, 57 kW and for the System 2 engine values between 6.30 to 7.49 kW. With the global energy analysis, an efficiency of 22% was obtained for both systems, observing how much biomass was efficiently converted for the functioning of the system. The Second Law of Thermodynamics was also applied, identifying the magnitudes of system inefficiencies through the analysis of exergetic performance, with irreversibility values for the System 1 engine between 1.30 to 1.54 kW and for the System 2 engine. between 4.82 to 4.55 kW. Finally, an overall exergetic efficiency of 40% was found for both systems. The gasifier used was the downdraft model, a model considered ideal for forest waste biomass, with a reduced tar content and a cleaner gas for the operation. Although considered a mature technology, gasification still faces challenges such as an approximate loss of 30% of the power delivered to the engine shaft when fed with syngas. However, there is potential when installed in isolated communities, where access to petroleum-based fuels is difficult, but there is an abundance of residual biomass.
This dissertation consists of a thermoenergetic analysis of a biomass gasification system of wooden blocks to feed the syngas generated two systems, with two different types of internal combustion engines: the RCX-210 engine of the MRX-50 motor pump for System 1 and the engine of a Honda CG-125 Titan motorcycle for System 2. This analysis consisted of applying the First Law of Thermodynamics, obtaining as a result of the energy balance the power delivered in the shaft of the System 1 engine values between 2.16 to 2, 57 kW and for the System 2 engine values between 6.30 to 7.49 kW. With the global energy analysis, an efficiency of 22% was obtained for both systems, observing how much biomass was efficiently converted for the functioning of the system. The Second Law of Thermodynamics was also applied, identifying the magnitudes of system inefficiencies through the analysis of exergetic performance, with irreversibility values for the System 1 engine between 1.30 to 1.54 kW and for the System 2 engine. between 4.82 to 4.55 kW. Finally, an overall exergetic efficiency of 40% was found for both systems. The gasifier used was the downdraft model, a model considered ideal for forest waste biomass, with a reduced tar content and a cleaner gas for the operation. Although considered a mature technology, gasification still faces challenges such as an approximate loss of 30% of the power delivered to the engine shaft when fed with syngas. However, there is potential when installed in isolated communities, where access to petroleum-based fuels is difficult, but there is an abundance of residual biomass.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com o Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca - CEFET/RJ
Keywords
Termoenergética Biomassa de madeira Gaseificação Eficiência Gaseificador downdraft