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Authors
Abstract(s)
A oliveira (Olea europaea L.) é uma importante espécie cultivada da família das
oleaceaes. Os principais produtores e consumidores de azeitona e azeite estão localizados na
região do mediterrâneo, sendo Espanha, Grécia e Itália os principais produtores. Para Portugal
a cultura tem uma grande importância econômica, sendo uma das principais culturas do país. A
otimização da fertilização desempenha um papel crucial na prática agrícola, pois a
disponibilidade adequada de nutrientes tem um impacto direto no crescimento das árvores e
na produção dos frutos. Para isso é recomendável a utilização de análises químicas de solos e
das plantas para que ocorra de fato uma boa otimização. Neste trabalho foram utilizadas duas
variedades de oliveira Cobrançosa (COB) e Arbequina (ARB) sobre solos de xisto e aplicados seis
tratamentos com aplicações de fertilizantes, sendo eles, Testemunha não fertilizada (CN),
aplicação de fósforo (+P), aplicação de boro (+B), aplicação de molibdênio (+Mo), testemunha
fertilizada (CP) e aplicação de calcário e magnésio (CaMg), organizados em um delineamento
completamente casualizado com quatro repetições. O experimento foi instalado nas estufas
presentes no Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. A modalidade testemunha sem aplicação de
fertilizantes (CN) obteve níveis de nitrogênio nos tecidos mais baixos, devido à baixa fertilidade,
pH ácido e baixos teores de matéria orgânica do solo. O tratamento +P teve uma incrementação
dos níveis de fósforo no solo, porém quando realizado a análise nas plantas, constatou-se não
ter tido resultados significativos na resposta ao tratamento, isso podendo ocorrer por fatores
de imobilização do fósforo no solo. A adubação com boro (+B) aumentou a concentração de
boro nas plantas e no solo, e a aplicação de molibdênio (+Mo) não teve efeitos relevantes na
melhoria dos valores tanto para as plantas como para o solo. O tratamento CN, teve como
resultados um incremento de nitrogênio, cálcio e boro nas plantas e a redução do alumínio no
solo. A aplicação do tratamento de calcário e magnésio desempenhou um papel crucial na
neutralização de elementos tóxicos, como manganês e alumínio, nos solos. Além disso, os
efeitos desses elementos incluem o aumento do pH, da capacidade de troca catiônica e da
concentração de fósforo nos solos.
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an important cultivated species of the Oleaceae family. The main producers and consumers of olives and oil are located in the Mediterranean region, with Spain, Greece and Italy being the main producers. For Portugal, this species has a great economic importance, being one of the main crops of the country. Optimizing fertilization plays a crucial role in agricultural practice, as adequate nutrient availability has a direct impact on tree growth and fruit production. For this, it is recommended to use chemical analyzes of soils and plants so that a good optimization can actually be conducted. In this study, two varieties, Cobrançosa (COB) and Arbequina (ARB), of olive were grown in an acid soil and under six fertilizer treatments, namely phosphorus (+P), boron (+B), molybdenum (+Mo) and limestone and magnesium (CaMg) application, an unfertilized control (CN) and a full fertilized control (CP), with the application of all the above mentioned fertilizers. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications and was carried out in a greenhouse at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança. The control treatment (CN) recorded lower levels of nitrogen in plant tissues, due to low soil fertility, acidic pH and low levels of soil organic matter. The +P treatment increased phosphorus levels in the soil, but not P concentration in plant tissues, this may be due to immobilization factors of phosphorus in the soil. Fertilization with boron (+B) increased boron concentration in plants and soil, and the application of molybdenum (+Mo) had no relevant effects in improving values for both plants and soil. The CN treatment resulted in an increase in phosphorus, calcium and boron in the plants and a reduction in aluminum in the soil. The application of limestone and magnesium played a crucial role in neutralizing toxic elements such as manganese and aluminum in soils. In addition, the effects of these elements include increasing pH, cation exchange capacity and phosphorus concentration in the soil.
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is an important cultivated species of the Oleaceae family. The main producers and consumers of olives and oil are located in the Mediterranean region, with Spain, Greece and Italy being the main producers. For Portugal, this species has a great economic importance, being one of the main crops of the country. Optimizing fertilization plays a crucial role in agricultural practice, as adequate nutrient availability has a direct impact on tree growth and fruit production. For this, it is recommended to use chemical analyzes of soils and plants so that a good optimization can actually be conducted. In this study, two varieties, Cobrançosa (COB) and Arbequina (ARB), of olive were grown in an acid soil and under six fertilizer treatments, namely phosphorus (+P), boron (+B), molybdenum (+Mo) and limestone and magnesium (CaMg) application, an unfertilized control (CN) and a full fertilized control (CP), with the application of all the above mentioned fertilizers. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications and was carried out in a greenhouse at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança. The control treatment (CN) recorded lower levels of nitrogen in plant tissues, due to low soil fertility, acidic pH and low levels of soil organic matter. The +P treatment increased phosphorus levels in the soil, but not P concentration in plant tissues, this may be due to immobilization factors of phosphorus in the soil. Fertilization with boron (+B) increased boron concentration in plants and soil, and the application of molybdenum (+Mo) had no relevant effects in improving values for both plants and soil. The CN treatment resulted in an increase in phosphorus, calcium and boron in the plants and a reduction in aluminum in the soil. The application of limestone and magnesium played a crucial role in neutralizing toxic elements such as manganese and aluminum in soils. In addition, the effects of these elements include increasing pH, cation exchange capacity and phosphorus concentration in the soil.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Olea europaea Fertilizantes Adubação pH Análise de solo Análise de plantas