| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.22 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A erosão do solo é uma das grandes adversidades globais relacionada ao meio
ambiente, devido ao deslocamento de partículas que desencadeiam outros processos,
como formação de ravinas ou assoreamento de linhas de água. Por conta disso, é
necessário realizar pesquisas para remediar os problemas associados à erosão do solo.
Nesse sentido, a partir do aproveitamento dos bagaços da azeitona, resultantes da extração
do azeite, foi produzido um condicionador do solo com vista a reduzir os efeitos causados
pela erosão hídrica. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar, utilizando um simulador de
chuva do tipo dispersor, a eficiência e persistência de condicionadores do solo à base de
resíduos da extração do azeite na redução da erosão hídrica em solos da região de Trás-
os-Montes, com mais de 6 meses após a aplicação, comparando-os com um condicionador
sintético.
Foram realizados ensaios de simulação de chuva em amostras de solo separados
por tabuleiros com 310,5 cm2, preparados com diferentes doses dos condicionadores à
base do bagaço de azeitona. Os parâmetros a medir em cada simulação foram: precipitação
e intensidade, escoamento, sedimentos em suspensão, sedimentos de frente e salpico.
Com os dados foi possível calcular indicadores de erosão: perda de solo, coeficiente de
escoamento, concentração de sedimentos global, concentração de sedimentos em
suspensão, erodibilidade e destacabilidade. Os resultados mostraram que, após o intervalo,
os tratamentos BSES 1 e BES 2 possuíram as melhores performances
à médio prazo, enquanto o condicionador sintético perdeu a eficácia. Para futuros estudos,
pode-se realizar análises com o solo para determinar a estabilidade de agregados e
análises de microbiota.
Soil erosion is one of the great global adversities related to the environment, due to the displacement of particles that trigger other processes, such as formation of ravines or silting of water lines. Because of this, it is necessary to carry out research to remedy the problems associated with soil erosion. In this sense, from the use of olive pomace, resulting from the extraction of oil, a soil conditioner was produced in order to reduce the effects caused by water erosion. This work aims to evaluate, using a disperser-type rainfall simulator, the efficiency and persistence of soil conditioners based on residues from oil extraction in reducing water erosion in soils in the region of Trás-os-Montes, with more than 6 months after application, comparing them with a synthetic conditioner. Rainfall simulation tests were carried out on soil samples separated by trays measuring 310.5 cm2, prepared with different doses of conditioners based on olive pomace. The parameters to be measured in each simulation were: Precipitation and Intensity, Flow, Suspended Sediments, Front Sediments and Splash. With the data it was possible to calculate erosion indicators: Soil loss, Runoff coefficient, Global sediment concentration, Suspended sediment concentration, Erodibility and Detachability. The results showed that, after the interval, the treatments BSES 1 and BES 2 had the best performances in the medium term, while the synthetic conditioner lost its effectiveness. For future studies, soil analyzes can be performed to determine aggregate stability and microbiota analyses.
Soil erosion is one of the great global adversities related to the environment, due to the displacement of particles that trigger other processes, such as formation of ravines or silting of water lines. Because of this, it is necessary to carry out research to remedy the problems associated with soil erosion. In this sense, from the use of olive pomace, resulting from the extraction of oil, a soil conditioner was produced in order to reduce the effects caused by water erosion. This work aims to evaluate, using a disperser-type rainfall simulator, the efficiency and persistence of soil conditioners based on residues from oil extraction in reducing water erosion in soils in the region of Trás-os-Montes, with more than 6 months after application, comparing them with a synthetic conditioner. Rainfall simulation tests were carried out on soil samples separated by trays measuring 310.5 cm2, prepared with different doses of conditioners based on olive pomace. The parameters to be measured in each simulation were: Precipitation and Intensity, Flow, Suspended Sediments, Front Sediments and Splash. With the data it was possible to calculate erosion indicators: Soil loss, Runoff coefficient, Global sediment concentration, Suspended sediment concentration, Erodibility and Detachability. The results showed that, after the interval, the treatments BSES 1 and BES 2 had the best performances in the medium term, while the synthetic conditioner lost its effectiveness. For future studies, soil analyzes can be performed to determine aggregate stability and microbiota analyses.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Palavras-chave
Condicionadores orgânicos Simulação de chuva Solos Bagaço de azeitona Erosão hídrica