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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de desenvolver uma solução inovadora com aplicação em um contexto real, que permita o reaproveitamento da energia produzida por sistemas fotovoltaicos residenciais, operantes na configuração de autoconsumo sem o auxílio de um banco de baterias. Geralmente esses sistemas injetamna rede da concessionária o excedente da potência gerada que não é consumida instantaneamente, e isso a um preço menor do que o preço de compra. A partir dessa problemática, desenvolveu-se um sistema "plug and
play" de baixo custo baseado em eletrônica analógica, que tem a capacidade demonitorar a potência ativa média que o sistema está consumindo ou injetando na rede da concessionária, e realocar a maior parcela das sobras de potência para uma resistência inserida em um boiler. Dessa maneira o excedente de energia elétrica é transformada em energia térmica, passando a auxiliar o sistema de AQS principal da residência, podendo gerar para o auto consumidor uma boa economia no fim domês. Conseguiu-se desenvolver o sistema na teoria e implementá-lo na prática, realizando alguns testes e melhorias no ambiente laboratorial.
Os resultados obtidos foram muito prósperos, demonstrando que o sistema tem capacidade de reaproveitar emmédia 80% da energia excedente proveniente das fotovoltaicas. O sistema construído na prática é baseado em dispositivos integrados analógicos como o gerador de ondaPWMTL494CN, ummultiplicador analógico AD633JN,umsistema de comando baseado em acoplador óptico HCPL-J314 e umconversor DC-DC isolado. Também foramconstruídos uma fonte simétrica de §15V para alimentação geral do circuito e umconversor DC-DC de potência, utilizado para dissipar a potência excedente na resistência inserida no boiler.
This work aims to develop an innovative solution with application in a real context, which allows the reuse of energy produced by residential photovoltaic systems, operating in the self-consumption configuration without the aid of a battery bank. Generally, these systems inject the surplus of the generated power into the utility grid that is not consumed instantly, and this at a lower price than the purchase price. Based on this problem, a low cost "plug and play" system was developed based on analog electronics, which has the ability to monitor the average active power that the system is consuming or injecting into the concessionaire’s network, and reallocating the largest portion of the remaining power for a resistance inserted in a boiler. In this way, the surplus of electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy, starting to assist the main domestic hot water system of the residence, which can generate for the self-consumer good savings at the end of the month. It was possible to develop the system in theory and implement it in practice, performing some tests and improvements in the laboratory environment. The results obtained were very successful, showing that the system has the capacity to reuse an average of 80% of the excess energy from photovoltaics. The system built in practice is based on integrated analog devices such as the PWM wave generator TL494CN, an analog multiplier AD633JN, a control system based on HCPL-J314 optical coupler and an isolated DC-DC converter. A symmetrical power supply of §15V was also built for general circuit power and a DC-DC power converter, used to dissipate the excess power in the resistance inserted in the boiler.
This work aims to develop an innovative solution with application in a real context, which allows the reuse of energy produced by residential photovoltaic systems, operating in the self-consumption configuration without the aid of a battery bank. Generally, these systems inject the surplus of the generated power into the utility grid that is not consumed instantly, and this at a lower price than the purchase price. Based on this problem, a low cost "plug and play" system was developed based on analog electronics, which has the ability to monitor the average active power that the system is consuming or injecting into the concessionaire’s network, and reallocating the largest portion of the remaining power for a resistance inserted in a boiler. In this way, the surplus of electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy, starting to assist the main domestic hot water system of the residence, which can generate for the self-consumer good savings at the end of the month. It was possible to develop the system in theory and implement it in practice, performing some tests and improvements in the laboratory environment. The results obtained were very successful, showing that the system has the capacity to reuse an average of 80% of the excess energy from photovoltaics. The system built in practice is based on integrated analog devices such as the PWM wave generator TL494CN, an analog multiplier AD633JN, a control system based on HCPL-J314 optical coupler and an isolated DC-DC converter. A symmetrical power supply of §15V was also built for general circuit power and a DC-DC power converter, used to dissipate the excess power in the resistance inserted in the boiler.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Autoconsumo Fotovoltaico Reaproveitamento Baixo custo AQS