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Authors
Abstract(s)
De forma a conter os avanços da geração de resíduos da população, e tornar o consumo de forma mais sustentável, nesta pesquisa, foram escolhidos 3 tipos de resíduos da agroindústria para serem utilizados em um processo de valorização. Os resíduos com alto teor de carbono foram utilizados para produção de carvões ativados. Os materiais preparados foram utilizados como catalisadores em um processo de tratamento de água e foram produzidos por ativação química e física, com os agentes ativadores: ferro (III) hexahidratado, ácido sulfúrico e água destilada. Os catalisadores também passaram por um processo de calcinação, totalizando 18 amostras produzidas. Para a preparação foram utilizados três tipos de resíduos, o bagaço da cana-de-açúcar, do malte e a semente de chia. Os materiais obtidos foram caracterizados por meio de isotérmicas de adsorção-dessorção de N2 a 77 K, para determinação do tipo de material de acordo com a IUPAC, obtendo resultados de porosidade e de área superficial específica (SBET). Os materiais preparados a partir dos bagaços de malte e da cana-de-açúcar revelaram possuir uma elevada área superficial (403 m²∙g-1). Por outro lado, os materiais produzidos a partir das sementes de chia não tiveram o mesmo sucesso, com áreas superficiais bem inferiores (6 m²∙g-1). Após a caracterização, foram escolhidos 10 materiais para serem testados como catalisadores na degradação da cafeína por oxidação catalítica por peróxido de hidrogénio (CWPO). Para este teste, as amostras foram coletadas em tempos diferentes para analisar a concentração da cafeína, concentração de peróxido de hidrogénio e carbono total orgânico (TOC). Os materiais com melhor desempenho foram os catalisadores produzidos a partir de malte e da cana-de-açúcar ativados quimicamente com FeCl3∙6H2O, e as amostras ativadas calcinadas. Os catalisadores BM-Fe, BM-Fe-C, BC-Fe-C, apresentaram a maior atividade catalítica permitindo alcançar conversão total do poluente entre 15 e 60 minutos de reação.
In order to contain the advances in the generation of waste from the population, and make consumption more sustainable, in this research, 3 types of agro-industry waste were chosen to be used in a recovery process. High carbon wastes were used to produce activated carbons. The prepared materials were used as catalysts in a water treatment process and were produced by chemical and physical activation, with the activating agents: iron (III) hexahydrate, sulfuric acid and distilled water. The catalysts also underwent a calcination process, totaling 18 samples produced. For the preparation, three types of residues were used: sugarcane bagasse, malt and chia seed. The obtained materials were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms at 77 K, to determine the type of material according to IUPAC, obtaining results of porosity and specific surface area (SBET). Materials prepared from malt bagasse and sugar cane have a high surface area (403 m²∙g-1). On the other hand, materials produced from chia seeds were not as successful, with much smaller surface areas (6 m²∙g-1). After characterization, 10 materials were chosen to be tested as catalysts for caffeine degradation by hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation (CWPO). For this test, samples were collected at different times to analyze caffeine concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration and total organic carbon (TOC). The best performing materials were the catalysts produced from FeCl3∙6H2O chemically activated malt and sugarcane, and the calcined activated samples. The catalysts BM-Fe, BM-Fe-C, BC-Fe-C showed the highest catalytic activity, allowing the total pollutant conversion between 15 and 60 minutes of reaction.
In order to contain the advances in the generation of waste from the population, and make consumption more sustainable, in this research, 3 types of agro-industry waste were chosen to be used in a recovery process. High carbon wastes were used to produce activated carbons. The prepared materials were used as catalysts in a water treatment process and were produced by chemical and physical activation, with the activating agents: iron (III) hexahydrate, sulfuric acid and distilled water. The catalysts also underwent a calcination process, totaling 18 samples produced. For the preparation, three types of residues were used: sugarcane bagasse, malt and chia seed. The obtained materials were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms at 77 K, to determine the type of material according to IUPAC, obtaining results of porosity and specific surface area (SBET). Materials prepared from malt bagasse and sugar cane have a high surface area (403 m²∙g-1). On the other hand, materials produced from chia seeds were not as successful, with much smaller surface areas (6 m²∙g-1). After characterization, 10 materials were chosen to be tested as catalysts for caffeine degradation by hydrogen peroxide catalytic oxidation (CWPO). For this test, samples were collected at different times to analyze caffeine concentration, hydrogen peroxide concentration and total organic carbon (TOC). The best performing materials were the catalysts produced from FeCl3∙6H2O chemically activated malt and sugarcane, and the calcined activated samples. The catalysts BM-Fe, BM-Fe-C, BC-Fe-C showed the highest catalytic activity, allowing the total pollutant conversion between 15 and 60 minutes of reaction.
Description
Dupla diplomação com a Universidade FUMEC
Keywords
CWPO Chemical activation Characterization Caffeine