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Abstract(s)
As coberturas verdes são soluções baseadas na natureza que contribuem com múltiplos benefícios ambientais, sociais e económicos para o ambiente construído, e a sua inclusão em edifícios novos ou a adaptação aos existentes, é uma solução que pode contribuir para a resiliência e adaptação das cidades às alterações climáticas.
Neste estudo, analisou-se a influência que as coberturas verdes têm, no dimensionamento de redes prediais de drenagem de águas pluviais de dois edifícios localizados no concelho de Bragança (Portugal), quando comparadas com coberturas convencionais e usando a regulamentação portuguesa e a normalização brasileira.
Considerando o caso de estudo 1, um edifício industrial com cobertura inclinada em chapa metálica, área de ≈ 4700 m2, e coeficiente de escoamento de 0,9, o caudal de cálculo a drenar, usando a regulamentação portuguesa é de 5860,51 L/min. Contudo, se a cobertura for verde e extensiva, considerando um coeficiente de escoamento de 0,5, o caudal de cálculo a drenar é de 3255,84 L/min, o que se traduz numa retenção de águas pluviais de 44,44%.
Para o caso de estudo 2, um centro académico com cobertura plana com inertes de proteção (godo), área de ≈ 470 m2, e coeficiente de escoamento de 0,7, o caudal de cálculo a drenar, usando a regulamentação portuguesa é de 458,78 L/min. Contudo, se a cobertura for verde e extensiva, considerando um coeficiente de escoamento de 0,5, o caudal de cálculo a drenar é de 327,70 L/min, traduzindo-se numa retenção de águas pluviais de 28,57%.
Comparando o dimensionamento pelos diferentes regulamentos e normas, e garantindo os critérios mínimos exigidos, tanto para coberturas convencionais, como para coberturas verdes, constata-se que a grande diferença está no cálculo do caudal de projeto, Influência de soluções baseadas na natureza no dimensionamento de sistemas prediais de drenagem de águas pluviais: Casos de estudo uma vez que, a norma brasileira considera a inclinação da cobertura no cálculo da área de contribuição e desconsidera o coeficiente de escoamento, resultando em caudais maiores (6946,82 L/min para o caso de estudo 1 e 707,40 L/min para o caso de estudo 2). Considerando que a impermeabilização das superfícies em contexto urbano tem consequências em diferentes graus no ciclo urbano da água, a implementação das
coberturas verdes em edifícios poderá contribuir para atenuar as inundações urbanas. As coberturas verdes, comportam-se como esponjas paisagísticas que diminuem o volume de águas pluviais descarregadas, e atrasam o pico de fluxo, libertando a água de forma gradual. Pode concluir-se que as coberturas verdes são uma técnica de drenagem urbana sustentável e que pode ser explorada em edifícios de diferentes tipologias e em outras áreas urbanas.
Green roofs are Nature-based Solutions that bring multiple environmental, social, and economic benefits to the built environment, and their inclusion in new buildings or adaptation to existing ones is a solution that can contribute to the resilience and adaptation of cities to climate change. This study analyses the influence of green roofs on the design of rainwater drainage networks for two buildings located in the municipality of Bragança, compared to conventional roofs, using Portuguese regulations and Brazilian standards. Considering case study 1, an industrial building with a sloping sheet metal roof, a cover area of ≈ 4700 m2, and a runoff coefficient of 0.9, the calculated flow rate to be drained using Portuguese regulations is 5860.51 L/min. However, if the roof is green and extensive, with a runoff coefficient of 0.5, the calculated flow to be drained is 3255.84 L/min. This gives a rainwater retention rate of 44.44%. For case study 2, an academic centre with a flat roof with protective aggregates, a cover area of ≈ 470 m2, and a runoff coefficient of 0.7, the calculated flow rate to be drained, using Portuguese regulations, is 458.78 L/min. However, if the roof is green and extensive, and a runoff coefficient of 0.5 is considered, the calculated flow to drain is 327.70 L/min, giving a rainwater retention of 28.57%. Comparing the sizing according to the different regulations and standards, and ensuring the minimum criteria required for both conventional and green roofs, it can be seen that the main difference is in the calculation of the design flow, since the Brazilian standard takes into account the slope of the roof when calculating the contributing area and does not consider the runoff coefficient, resulting in higher flows (6946.82 L/min for case study 1 and 707.40 L/min for case study 2). Influência de soluções baseadas na natureza no dimensionamento de sistemas prediais de drenagem de águas pluviais: Casos de estudo. As surface sealing in an urban context has varying degrees of impact on the urban water cycle, promoting the use of green roofs on buildings could help mitigate urban flooding. They act as landscape sponges, reducing the volume of rainwater runoff, delaying peak flows and releasing water gradually. It can be concluded that green roofs are a sustainable urban drainage technique that can be used on different types of buildings and in other urban areas.
Green roofs are Nature-based Solutions that bring multiple environmental, social, and economic benefits to the built environment, and their inclusion in new buildings or adaptation to existing ones is a solution that can contribute to the resilience and adaptation of cities to climate change. This study analyses the influence of green roofs on the design of rainwater drainage networks for two buildings located in the municipality of Bragança, compared to conventional roofs, using Portuguese regulations and Brazilian standards. Considering case study 1, an industrial building with a sloping sheet metal roof, a cover area of ≈ 4700 m2, and a runoff coefficient of 0.9, the calculated flow rate to be drained using Portuguese regulations is 5860.51 L/min. However, if the roof is green and extensive, with a runoff coefficient of 0.5, the calculated flow to be drained is 3255.84 L/min. This gives a rainwater retention rate of 44.44%. For case study 2, an academic centre with a flat roof with protective aggregates, a cover area of ≈ 470 m2, and a runoff coefficient of 0.7, the calculated flow rate to be drained, using Portuguese regulations, is 458.78 L/min. However, if the roof is green and extensive, and a runoff coefficient of 0.5 is considered, the calculated flow to drain is 327.70 L/min, giving a rainwater retention of 28.57%. Comparing the sizing according to the different regulations and standards, and ensuring the minimum criteria required for both conventional and green roofs, it can be seen that the main difference is in the calculation of the design flow, since the Brazilian standard takes into account the slope of the roof when calculating the contributing area and does not consider the runoff coefficient, resulting in higher flows (6946.82 L/min for case study 1 and 707.40 L/min for case study 2). Influência de soluções baseadas na natureza no dimensionamento de sistemas prediais de drenagem de águas pluviais: Casos de estudo. As surface sealing in an urban context has varying degrees of impact on the urban water cycle, promoting the use of green roofs on buildings could help mitigate urban flooding. They act as landscape sponges, reducing the volume of rainwater runoff, delaying peak flows and releasing water gradually. It can be concluded that green roofs are a sustainable urban drainage technique that can be used on different types of buildings and in other urban areas.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Building rainwater drainage systems Green roofs Portuguese regulations Brazilian standards