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Abstract(s)
A dissertação apresentada surge pela necessidade de melhorar o gerenciamento de água em piscinas municipais. Este tipo de instalação é muito procurado com a finalidade de desporto e recreação. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho contém medidas de eficiência hídrica, as quais serão analisadas para aplicação nas piscinas municipais da cidade de Bragança.
Inicialmente definiram-se os equipamentos e atividades nas piscinas municipais que consomem água no seu funcionamento como: chuveiros, torneiras de lavatório, autoclismos, mictórios, tanques, e limpeza dos filtros. Com isso, foram identificados certos consumos de água desnecessários que podem ser solucionados com algumas medidas.
Para abranger algumas possibilidades de soluções, vários cenários foram elaborados, sendo estes divididos em opção 1 (3 cenários), regulação e substituição de dispositivos de utilização, e opção 2 (5 cenários), reutilização de águas cinzentas.
Os cenários da opção 1, foram analisados de acordo com a redução hídrica (percentagem de redução de água) e a sua viabilidade económica (redução na fatura, investimento inicial e período de retorno do investimento). Os cenários 1.1, 1.2 e 1.3 apresentaram redução de consumo de água de 8,03%, 13,19% e 20,39%, sendo os seus períodos de retorno consideravelmente baixos: 4, 1 e 3 meses respetivamente.
Os 5 cenários da opção 2, foram analisados somente em relação aos ganhos hídricos e apresentaram uma redução de consumo de água entre 2,5% e 23,33%, sendo o último (cenário 2.5), o mais significativo, englobando além da reutilização de águas cinzentas em autoclismos e na rega de relvado, também medidas da opção 1, como regulação e substituição de dispositivos de utilização.
Com tudo isso, a adoção de qualquer um dos cenários nas piscinas municipais da cidade de Bragança, poderá constituir uma mais-valia em termos hídricos e também económicos para o município.
The dissertation presented arises from the need to improve water management in municipal swimming pools. This type of facility is highly sought after for sport and recreation. Therefore, the present work contains water efficiency measures, which will be analyzed for application in municipal swimming pools in the city of Bragança. Initially, the equipment and activities in the municipal swimming pools that consume water in their operation were defined as: showers, washbasin taps, flush toilets, urinals, tanks, and filter cleaning. With this, certain unnecessary water consumptions were identified that can be solved with some measures. To cover some possibilities of solutions, several scenarios were elaborated, being divided into option 1 (3 scenarios), regulation and replacement of usage devices, and option 2 (5 scenarios), gray water reuse. The option 1 scenarios, were analyzed according to water reduction (percentage of water reduction) and its economic viability (reduction in invoice, initial investment and return on investment). Scenarios 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 showed a reduction in water consumption of 8.03%, 13.19% e 20.39%, with their payback periods being considerably low: 4, 1 and 3 months, respectively. The 5 scenarios of the option 2, on the other hand, were analyzed only concerning water gains and showed a reduction in water consumption between 2.5% and 23.33%, being the last one (scenario 2.5), the most significant encompassing, in addition to the reuse of gray water in flush cisterns and lawn irrigation, also measures of option 1, such as regulation and replacement of use devices. With all this, the adoption of any of the scenarios in the municipal swimming pools of the city of Bragança, can constitute an added value in water and also economic terms for the municipality.
The dissertation presented arises from the need to improve water management in municipal swimming pools. This type of facility is highly sought after for sport and recreation. Therefore, the present work contains water efficiency measures, which will be analyzed for application in municipal swimming pools in the city of Bragança. Initially, the equipment and activities in the municipal swimming pools that consume water in their operation were defined as: showers, washbasin taps, flush toilets, urinals, tanks, and filter cleaning. With this, certain unnecessary water consumptions were identified that can be solved with some measures. To cover some possibilities of solutions, several scenarios were elaborated, being divided into option 1 (3 scenarios), regulation and replacement of usage devices, and option 2 (5 scenarios), gray water reuse. The option 1 scenarios, were analyzed according to water reduction (percentage of water reduction) and its economic viability (reduction in invoice, initial investment and return on investment). Scenarios 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 showed a reduction in water consumption of 8.03%, 13.19% e 20.39%, with their payback periods being considerably low: 4, 1 and 3 months, respectively. The 5 scenarios of the option 2, on the other hand, were analyzed only concerning water gains and showed a reduction in water consumption between 2.5% and 23.33%, being the last one (scenario 2.5), the most significant encompassing, in addition to the reuse of gray water in flush cisterns and lawn irrigation, also measures of option 1, such as regulation and replacement of use devices. With all this, the adoption of any of the scenarios in the municipal swimming pools of the city of Bragança, can constitute an added value in water and also economic terms for the municipality.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Eficiência hídrica Piscinas municipais Viabilidade económica