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Authors
Abstract(s)
Os incêndios são um problema comum a muitos países, como ocorre em
Portugal. São países que estão sob condições climáticas favoráveis a eclosão
e a rápida progressão dos fogos florestais. Os incêndios são um dos principais
fatores de degradação da terra, causando várias modificações no solo, água e
vegetação. Portanto, os incêndios florestais geram grandes impactos
ambientais na paisagem por onde se desenvolvem e alastram. Enquanto
ocorre a queima, a cobertura vegetal e a camada orgânica são esgotadas, e o
solo mineral é aquecido, resultando em mudanças nas características físicas,
químicas, mineralógicas, e propriedades biológicas do solo. Assim essa
pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as modificações dos solos sob o impacto
do fogo ao longo do tempo, comparando áreas ardidas e não ardidas. Para
isso, foram estudadas propriedades físicas e químicas do solo. As áreas de
estudo localizam-se em três zonas distintas: Freguesias de Soutelo (2015),
Parâmio (2016) e de Quintela de Lampaças (2017) respectivamente. Em cada
zona de estudo, foram escolhidas áreas de amostragem em locais que arderam
e não arderam (com exceção de Quintela de Lampaças, 2017) com
características edafoclimáticas e composição da vegetação semelhante. As
amostras foram colhidas aleatoriamente em 4 pontos de amostragem na zona
queimada e 4 na zona não queimada. Foram feitas análises no laboratório das
propriedades físicas e químicas dos solos para avaliar as modificações no solo
em consequências do incêndio e da recuperação pós-fogo. Com a realização
desta pesquisa, pode-se concluir que as propriedades físico-químicas dos
solos sofreram alterações de forma diferente, ao longo do perfil do solo. O fogo
interferiu as propriedades do solo, que com o passar do tempo tendem a
evoluir para a situação pré-fogo.
Wildfires are a problem common to many countries, as is the case in Portugal. There are countries that are under favorable climatic conditions to hatch and rapidly propagate forest fires. Fires are one of the main factors of land degradation, causing various modifications in soil, water and vegetation. Therefore, forest fires generate large environmental impacts on the landscape through which they develop and spread. While burning occurs, the vegetation cover and organic layer are depleted, and the mineral soil is heated, resulting in changes in the physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biological properties of the soil. Thus, this research had as objective to evaluate the modifications of the soils under the impact of the fire over time, comparing burned and nonburned areas. For this, physical and chemical properties of the soil were studied. The study was carried out in 3 distinct areas: Soutelo (2015), Parâmio (2016) and Quintela de Lampaças (2017) respectively. In each study area, sampling areas were selected in places that burned and did not burn (with the exception of Quintela de Lampaças, 2017) with soil and climatic characteristics and similar vegetation composition. Samples were randomly collected at 4 sampling points in the burned zone and 4 at the non-burned zone. Laboratory analyzes of the physical and chemical properties of soils were carried out to evaluate changes in soil as a consequence of fire and of post-fire recovery. With the accomplishment of this research, it can be concluded that the physicalchemical properties of the soils changed in a different way, along the soil profile. The fire interfered with the properties of the soil, which over time tended to evolve towards the pre-fire situation.
Wildfires are a problem common to many countries, as is the case in Portugal. There are countries that are under favorable climatic conditions to hatch and rapidly propagate forest fires. Fires are one of the main factors of land degradation, causing various modifications in soil, water and vegetation. Therefore, forest fires generate large environmental impacts on the landscape through which they develop and spread. While burning occurs, the vegetation cover and organic layer are depleted, and the mineral soil is heated, resulting in changes in the physical, chemical, mineralogical, and biological properties of the soil. Thus, this research had as objective to evaluate the modifications of the soils under the impact of the fire over time, comparing burned and nonburned areas. For this, physical and chemical properties of the soil were studied. The study was carried out in 3 distinct areas: Soutelo (2015), Parâmio (2016) and Quintela de Lampaças (2017) respectively. In each study area, sampling areas were selected in places that burned and did not burn (with the exception of Quintela de Lampaças, 2017) with soil and climatic characteristics and similar vegetation composition. Samples were randomly collected at 4 sampling points in the burned zone and 4 at the non-burned zone. Laboratory analyzes of the physical and chemical properties of soils were carried out to evaluate changes in soil as a consequence of fire and of post-fire recovery. With the accomplishment of this research, it can be concluded that the physicalchemical properties of the soils changed in a different way, along the soil profile. The fire interfered with the properties of the soil, which over time tended to evolve towards the pre-fire situation.
Description
Keywords
Áreas ardidas Incêndios florestais Propriedades físicoquímicas do solo Recuperação pós-fogo Nordeste de Portugal