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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Lean construction é um conceito em crescimento no âmbito da construção
civil. Esta, tem como base o sistema de produção da Toyota, e sua aplicação
está sendo cada vez mais estudada em função dos seus benefícios. Pode ser
utilizado em diversos processos de trabalhos de construção, já que seus
conceitos englobam todas as partes. Juntamente com a lean, o BIM 4D surge
como uma ferramenta inovadora para facilitar a visualização e entendimento da
construção como um todo, desde seus materiais até o andamento do seu
cronograma.
O presente estudo aborda a possibilidade de resolver problemas em obras com
a utilização dessas duas ferramentas. Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo
de caso para saber onde poderia ser aplicado os conceitos lean, buscando
solucionar problemas durante a execução do projeto.
O estudo de caso envolve desenvolvimentos do cronograma de atividades da
obra de realização da estrutura do tipo metálica no Seminário Maior de São
José em Bragança, norte de Portugal. Assim com a análise da obra foi
encontrado um problema relacionado com a realização da betonagem da laje
de aproveitamento de cobertura em período de inverno rigoroso, em época
quando ocorrem geadas que influenciam negativamente a resistência do betão.
Para resolver o problema, foi proposto a aplicação dos conceitos lean em
tarefas presentes no cronograma da obra, com o objetivo de alterar a
realização da betonagem em outro período. Após a escolha dos processos em
que seriam aplicados os conceitos, e a alteração do cronograma de acordo
com os novos prazos e datas, foi possível perceber que foi conseguido alterar o
período de execução da betonagem para uma época de clima mais ameno.
Com a realização dos projetos BIM 4D e com o auxílio da metodologia Last
Planner Sistem (LPS), foi possível demonstrar de maneira mais clara e simples
de mudança do cronograma e como seria a sequência de execução da obra,
sem ter betonagem de lajes em período crítico de inverno. Assim é possível ver
que com a metodologia utilizada neste estudo de caso, pode para obras de
padrão similar contribuir para a resolução de problemas que são frequentes
aquando da implementação dos cronogramas de obras.
O presente trabalho conclui que a aplicação da lean construction pode ser
utilizada também para resolver problemas na execução das obras influenciando
diretamente o cronograma desenvolvido inicialmente, e juntamente com BIM
4D, o leva a que o projeto se torne mais fácil de ser compreendido, eliminando
constrangimentos.
Lean construction is a growing concept within civil construction. This is based on Toyota's production system, and its application is being increasingly studied due to its benefits. It can be used in a variety of construction work processes, as its concepts encompass all parts. Together with lean, BIM 4D emerges as an innovative tool to facilitate the visualization and understanding of the construction as a whole, from its materials to the progress of its schedule. This study addresses the possibility of solving problems in construction sites using these two tools. In this work, a diagnosis of a case study was carried out to know where lean concepts could be applied, seeking to solve problems during project execution. The case study is about the realization of the metallic type structure in the Seminario Maior of São José in Bragança, north of Portugal. Thus, with the analysis of the work, a problem was found related to the concreting of the roof utilization in a period of severe winter, at a time when frosts occur that negatively influence the strength of the concrete. To solve the problem, it was proposed the application of lean concepts in tasks present in the work schedule, with the objective of changing the execution of the concreting in another period. After choosing the processes in which the concepts would be applied, and changing the schedule according to the new deadlines and dates, it was possible to see that the change from the period of execution of the concreting to a period of milder weather was achieved. With the completion of the BIM 4D projects and with the help of the LPS methodology, it was possible to demonstrate in a clearer and simpler way the change in the schedule and how the work execution sequence would be, without having to concrete slabs in a critical winter period. Thus, it is possible to see that with the methodology used in works that fit the established pattern, it is possible to solve several frequent problems that are found in the construction schedules. Therefore, this work concludes that the application of lean construction can also be used to solve problems in the execution of works, directly influencing the initially developed schedule, and together with BIM 4D makes the project easier to be understood, eliminating constraints.
Lean construction is a growing concept within civil construction. This is based on Toyota's production system, and its application is being increasingly studied due to its benefits. It can be used in a variety of construction work processes, as its concepts encompass all parts. Together with lean, BIM 4D emerges as an innovative tool to facilitate the visualization and understanding of the construction as a whole, from its materials to the progress of its schedule. This study addresses the possibility of solving problems in construction sites using these two tools. In this work, a diagnosis of a case study was carried out to know where lean concepts could be applied, seeking to solve problems during project execution. The case study is about the realization of the metallic type structure in the Seminario Maior of São José in Bragança, north of Portugal. Thus, with the analysis of the work, a problem was found related to the concreting of the roof utilization in a period of severe winter, at a time when frosts occur that negatively influence the strength of the concrete. To solve the problem, it was proposed the application of lean concepts in tasks present in the work schedule, with the objective of changing the execution of the concreting in another period. After choosing the processes in which the concepts would be applied, and changing the schedule according to the new deadlines and dates, it was possible to see that the change from the period of execution of the concreting to a period of milder weather was achieved. With the completion of the BIM 4D projects and with the help of the LPS methodology, it was possible to demonstrate in a clearer and simpler way the change in the schedule and how the work execution sequence would be, without having to concrete slabs in a critical winter period. Thus, it is possible to see that with the methodology used in works that fit the established pattern, it is possible to solve several frequent problems that are found in the construction schedules. Therefore, this work concludes that the application of lean construction can also be used to solve problems in the execution of works, directly influencing the initially developed schedule, and together with BIM 4D makes the project easier to be understood, eliminating constraints.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Lean construction Construção civil Estrutura métalica BIM 4D. Cronograma Betonagem