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O desenvolvimento sustentável é uma abordagem fundamentada no equilíbrio entre três dimensões, denominadas ambiental, social e económica, visando a satisfação de necessidades, sem comprometer as das populações futuras. Aplicada na construção civil, a sustentabilidade tem por intuito assegurar que nos processos de execução, reabilitação e demolição sejam utilizadas estratégias que diminuam os impactos ambientais, promovam a viabilidade económica e proporcionem qualidade de vida para as gerações.
Perante essa permissa, o objetivo dessa dissertação é realizar uma análise comparativa entre soluções construtivas que sejam detentoras de pressupostos de maior sustentabilidade e que atendam aos requisitos de comportamento térmico. Os processos construtivos serão explorados e otimizados com o fim de encontrar soluções viáveis que promovam menor impacto ambiental, que atendam as reduções de energia e de água incorporada e que contribuam para a redução de emissões de GEE.
As opções construtivas selecionadas e alvo de estudo, fazem parte da envolvente exterior. Estas foram analisadas termicamente baseadas no coeficiente de transmissão térmica indicado para a zona climática de Bragança, norte de Portugal. Em seguida, as soluções foram estudadas a partir dos resultados coletados de diferentes categorias de impacto ambiental, tais como: GWP, ODP, AP, entre outros. Por último, foi realizado a análise económica das opções construtivas propostas.
O resultado desse estudo permite a sensibilização das análises sustentáveis, térmicas e económicas com base na Metodologia de Avaliação Relativa da Sustentabilidade de Soluções Construtivas (MARS-SC). Esta metodologia viabiliza a normalização dos resultados encontrados e nos permite verificar que as opções construtivas formadas por bloco térmico apresentam os resultados mais eficientes a nível global de sustentabilidade.
Sustainable development is an approach grounded in balancing three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic, with the aim of meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations. In the context of construction, sustainability seeks to ensure that processes involving construction, rehabilitation, and demolition employ strategies that reduce environmental impacts, promote economic viability, and enhance quality of life for future generations. In light of this premise, the objective of this dissertation is to conduct a comparative analysis of construction solutions that embody greater sustainability principles and meet thermal performance requirements. Construction processes will be explored and optimized to identify viable solutions that minimize environmental impact, achieve energy and embodied water reductions, and contribute to greenhouse gas emission reduction. The selected construction options under study pertain to the exterior envelope. These have been thermally analyzed based on the thermal transmittance coefficient specified for the climatic zone of Bragança, northern Portugal. Subsequently, the solutions were assessed using collected results from various environmental impact categories such as GWP, ODP, AP, among others. Finally, an economic analysis of the proposed construction options was conducted. The outcome of this study enables the awareness of sustainable, thermal, and economic analyses based on the Relative Sustainability Assessment Methodology for Constructive Solutions (MARS-SC). This methodology enables the normalization of the findings and allows us to verify that the constructive options formed by thermal blocks present the most efficient results at a global level of sustainability.
Sustainable development is an approach grounded in balancing three dimensions: environmental, social, and economic, with the aim of meeting present needs without compromising those of future generations. In the context of construction, sustainability seeks to ensure that processes involving construction, rehabilitation, and demolition employ strategies that reduce environmental impacts, promote economic viability, and enhance quality of life for future generations. In light of this premise, the objective of this dissertation is to conduct a comparative analysis of construction solutions that embody greater sustainability principles and meet thermal performance requirements. Construction processes will be explored and optimized to identify viable solutions that minimize environmental impact, achieve energy and embodied water reductions, and contribute to greenhouse gas emission reduction. The selected construction options under study pertain to the exterior envelope. These have been thermally analyzed based on the thermal transmittance coefficient specified for the climatic zone of Bragança, northern Portugal. Subsequently, the solutions were assessed using collected results from various environmental impact categories such as GWP, ODP, AP, among others. Finally, an economic analysis of the proposed construction options was conducted. The outcome of this study enables the awareness of sustainable, thermal, and economic analyses based on the Relative Sustainability Assessment Methodology for Constructive Solutions (MARS-SC). This methodology enables the normalization of the findings and allows us to verify that the constructive options formed by thermal blocks present the most efficient results at a global level of sustainability.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Palavras-chave
Sustentabilidade Soluções construtivas Isolamento térmico Eficiência energética MARS-SC