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Resumo(s)
O desempenho energético de uma usina fotovoltaica depende diretamente de sua operação e manutenção, sendo essencial a identificação e mitigação de perdas energéticas para otimizar o retorno financeiro. Este estudo visa realizar uma análise global da eficiência de sistemas fotovoltaicos em operação, propondo uma metodologia baseada no ciclo PDCA (Planejar, Fazer, Checar, Agir) para diagnóstico e melhoria contínua. A metodologia desenvolvida foi aplicada em um estudo de caso real, envolvendo a análise de perdas em
diferentes zonas da usina, desde a geração nos módulos fotovoltaicos até a entrega da energia à rede elétrica. As perdas foram classificadas em controláveis e não controláveis, com destaque para os impactos internos e externos que afetam o perfeito funcionamento das usinas fotovoltaicas. Após a metodologia aplicada, os resultados gerados possibilitam a identificação da zona mais crítica da usina, unidade geradora que mais contribui para as perdas, classificação das perdas para determinar foco de ações e dias e horários de maiores concentração de perdas. Além de apresentar visualizações gráficas para auxiliar na identificação de baixas performances e rotinas de manutenção. Os resultados demonstram a importância de uma gestão operacional estruturada, com monitoramento contínuo e ajustes periódicos, para garantir a máxima eficiência
energética das usinas fotovoltaicas e evitar perdas.
The energy performance of a photovoltaic plant directly depends on its operation and maintenance, making it essential to identify and mitigate energy losses to optimize financial returns. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of operational photovoltaic systems, proposing a methodology based on the PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) for diagnosis and continuous improvement. The developed methodology was applied in a real case study, involving the analysis of losses in different sections of the plant, from generation in the photovoltaic modules to the delivery of energy to the power grid. The losses were classified as controllable and uncontrollable, highlighting the internal and external impacts that affect the proper functioning of photovoltaic plants. After the methodology is applied, the results generated allow the identification of the most critical zone of the plant, the generating unit that contributes most to losses, classification of losses to determine the focus of actions and days and times of greatest concentration of losses. In addition to presenting graphical visualizations to assist in the identification of low performances and maintenance routines. The results demonstrate the importance of structured operational management, with continuous monitoring and periodic adjustments, to ensure maximum energy efficiency of photovoltaic plants and prevent losses.
The energy performance of a photovoltaic plant directly depends on its operation and maintenance, making it essential to identify and mitigate energy losses to optimize financial returns. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of operational photovoltaic systems, proposing a methodology based on the PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) for diagnosis and continuous improvement. The developed methodology was applied in a real case study, involving the analysis of losses in different sections of the plant, from generation in the photovoltaic modules to the delivery of energy to the power grid. The losses were classified as controllable and uncontrollable, highlighting the internal and external impacts that affect the proper functioning of photovoltaic plants. After the methodology is applied, the results generated allow the identification of the most critical zone of the plant, the generating unit that contributes most to losses, classification of losses to determine the focus of actions and days and times of greatest concentration of losses. In addition to presenting graphical visualizations to assist in the identification of low performances and maintenance routines. The results demonstrate the importance of structured operational management, with continuous monitoring and periodic adjustments, to ensure maximum energy efficiency of photovoltaic plants and prevent losses.
Descrição
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com o Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca - CEFET/RJ
Palavras-chave
Usinas fotovoltaicas Perdas de energia Eficiência energética Melhoria contínua