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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este capítulo discute as origens e a evolução da aplicação do sistema de mérito nos Esta- dos Unidos da América (EUA), com enfoque na tensão primordial entre a busca da efi- ciência através da competência técnica da burocracia e a sua responsabilização políti- ca perante os eleitos e seus nomeados. Os autores começam por descrever o sistema de despojos que vigorou nos EUA durante grande parte do século XIX, evidenciando os fatores que conduziram à sua crítica e subs- tituição pelo sistema de mérito plasmado no Pendleton Act. Posteriormente, é descrita a evolução do sistema ao longo do século XX, identificando os grandes desafios e altera- ções que levaram à sua modernização. O capítulo encerra com a identificação dos tra- ços preponderantes do sistema de mérito na atualidade.
This chapter discusses the origins and evolution of the merit system application in the United States of America. It focuses on the tension between the pursuit of efficiency through the technical competence of the bureaucracy and the accountability of its electoral policy and its nominees. The authors begin by describing the system of spoils that prevailed in the United States during much of the nineteenth century, highlighting the patterns that prevail in their critique and their replacement by the merit system embodied in the Pendleton Act. The evolution of the system throughout the twentieth century is then described, identifying the great challenges and the changes that led to its modernisation. The chapter concludes with an identification of current prevailing features of the merit system.
This chapter discusses the origins and evolution of the merit system application in the United States of America. It focuses on the tension between the pursuit of efficiency through the technical competence of the bureaucracy and the accountability of its electoral policy and its nominees. The authors begin by describing the system of spoils that prevailed in the United States during much of the nineteenth century, highlighting the patterns that prevail in their critique and their replacement by the merit system embodied in the Pendleton Act. The evolution of the system throughout the twentieth century is then described, identifying the great challenges and the changes that led to its modernisation. The chapter concludes with an identification of current prevailing features of the merit system.
Description
Keywords
Sistema de mérito Sistema de despojos Clientelismo Pendleton act
Citation
Costa, Cláudia S.; Tavares, António F. (2018). O sistema de mérito no âmbito da common law: origens, evolução e atualidade = The system of merit in common law: origins, evolution, and the current state of affairs. Ciências e Políticas Públicas. ISSN 2184-0644. 4:1, p. 89-112
