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Abstract(s)
A utilização de fontes de energia renováveis garante, além de autossuficiência na produção de energia, a diversificação da matriz energética. Deste modo, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que viabilizam o uso de tais fontes é fundamental. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como principal objetivo a análise dinâmica e estática de uma torre eólica, possibilitando o dimensionamento da mesma. Para tanto, foi realizado o modelo 3D da torre metálica com auxílio do software AutoCad, assim como um modelo numérico simplificado com seção variada no software ANSYS de onde foi possível obter os modos de vibração e as frequências próprias de vibração da estrutura, a partir da realização de uma análise modal. Em paralelo, foi realizado um ensaio de vibrações com o objetivo de validar o modelo numérico e obter as frequências reais da estrutura em estudo. Neste contexto, as frequências obtidas foram ligeiramente diferentes, devido ao fato de se tratar de um modelo numérico simplificado, que não considerou detalhes construtivos como a escada. Além disso, durante o ensaio experimental, houveram interferências devido às vibrações do aerogerador. Em seguida, foram apresentados os procedimentos de cálculo normativos do Eurocódigo EN 1991.1.4 de 2010, para obtenção das ações devido ao vento na direção do escoamento. Também, foi realizada uma verificação em relação ao fenômeno de desprendimento de vórtices. Por se tratar de uma torre com rigidez muito elevada, os fenômenos de fadiga não foram analisados.
The use of renewable energy sources guarantees, in addition to self-sufficiency in energy production, the diversification of the energy matrix. In this way, the development of technologies that make use of such sources is essential. In this context, the main objective of the present study was the dynamic and static analysis of a wind tower, allowing its design. In order to do so, the 3D model of the metal tower was realized with the aid of AutoCad software, as well as a simplified numerical model with a variable cross-section in ANSYS software from which it was possible to obtain the mode shapes and the vibration frequencies of the structure, through a modal analysis. In parallel, a natural vibration test was carried out with the objective of validating the numerical model and obtaining the real frequencies of the structure under study. In this context, the frequencies obtained were slightly different, due to the fact that it was a simplified numerical model, which did not consider constructive details such as the access stairs. In addition, during the test experiment, there was interference due to the vibrations of the wind turbine. Next, the analytical design of the Eurocode EN 1991.1.4 (2010 were used for obtaining the actions due to the wind in the direction of the flow. Finally, a design verification was made regarding the phenomenon of vortex shedding. Because it is a tower with very high stiffness, the fatigue effects were not analyzed.
The use of renewable energy sources guarantees, in addition to self-sufficiency in energy production, the diversification of the energy matrix. In this way, the development of technologies that make use of such sources is essential. In this context, the main objective of the present study was the dynamic and static analysis of a wind tower, allowing its design. In order to do so, the 3D model of the metal tower was realized with the aid of AutoCad software, as well as a simplified numerical model with a variable cross-section in ANSYS software from which it was possible to obtain the mode shapes and the vibration frequencies of the structure, through a modal analysis. In parallel, a natural vibration test was carried out with the objective of validating the numerical model and obtaining the real frequencies of the structure under study. In this context, the frequencies obtained were slightly different, due to the fact that it was a simplified numerical model, which did not consider constructive details such as the access stairs. In addition, during the test experiment, there was interference due to the vibrations of the wind turbine. Next, the analytical design of the Eurocode EN 1991.1.4 (2010 were used for obtaining the actions due to the wind in the direction of the flow. Finally, a design verification was made regarding the phenomenon of vortex shedding. Because it is a tower with very high stiffness, the fatigue effects were not analyzed.
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Keywords
Torre eólica Análise estática Análise dinâmica Modos de vibração Ação do vento na direção do escoamento