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Abstract(s)
O descarte dos resíduos sólidos urbanos é a grande preocupação no seu gerenciamento, devido aos impactos ambientais associados ao fim do seu ciclo de vida. Dentre as tecnologias disponíveis, a compostagem está entre as mais comuns para auxiliar na gestão dos resíduos e a aplicação do composto em campos agrícolas se torna fundamental para suprir as necessidades das plantas. Dessa forma, o trabalho objetivou avaliar o impacto da aplicação de um composto proveniente do tratamento da fração orgânica de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU), na quantidade de 20 t/ha, numa vinha pelo período de três anos, em comparação com uma modalidade testemunha, sem aplicação de RSU. O experimento foi conduzido em um vinhedo localizado nas dependências do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança e utilizou-se um composto proveniente da empresa intermunicipal de tratamento de resíduos, denominada de “Resíduos do Nordeste”. As análises envolveram a avaliação de macronutrientes, micronutrientes e disponibilidade de metais pesados no solo e em diferentes partes da planta. A aplicação do composto teve um impacto muito positivo na fertilidade geral do solo com destaque para aumento do seu teor em matéria orgânica, teor em nutrientes como fósforo e potássio e para um aumento da capacidade de troca catiônica. A aplicação do composto não aumentou de forma significativa a disponibilidade de metais pesados nem no solo nem nas diferentes partes da videira (folhas e frutos). Assim, considera-se o seu uso viável como fertilizante para aumentar o ciclo de vida dos resíduos e, simultaneamente, suprir as demandas nutricionais da videira, para além de melhorar as características físicas e químicas do solo.
The disposal of solid urban waste is a major concern in its management, due to the environmental impacts associated with the end of its life cycle. Among the available technologies, composting is an appropriate process to assist in the management of organic waste. In addition, the application of the compost in agricultural fields becomes essential to supply the needs of the plants. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the impact of the application of a compound from the treatment of the organic fraction of urban solid waste (MSW), in the amount of 20 t / ha, in a vineyard for a period of three years, in comparison with a control treatment, without application of MSW. The experiment was carried out in a vineyard located in a field at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança and a compost from the intermunicipal waste treatment company, “Residuos do Nordeste”, was used. The analyzes involved the evaluation of macronutrients, micronutrients and availability of heavy metals in the soil and in different parts of the plant. The application of the compost had a positive impact on the general soil fertility, with emphasis on the increase of its organic matter content, content of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium and for an increase in the cation exchange capacity. The application of the compost did not significantly increase the availability of heavy metals neither in the soil nor in the different parts of the vine (leaves and fruits). Thus, its use is considered as an adequate fertilizer to increase the life cycle of the residues and, simultaneously, to meet the nutritional demands of the vine, in addition to improving the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil.
The disposal of solid urban waste is a major concern in its management, due to the environmental impacts associated with the end of its life cycle. Among the available technologies, composting is an appropriate process to assist in the management of organic waste. In addition, the application of the compost in agricultural fields becomes essential to supply the needs of the plants. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the impact of the application of a compound from the treatment of the organic fraction of urban solid waste (MSW), in the amount of 20 t / ha, in a vineyard for a period of three years, in comparison with a control treatment, without application of MSW. The experiment was carried out in a vineyard located in a field at the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança and a compost from the intermunicipal waste treatment company, “Residuos do Nordeste”, was used. The analyzes involved the evaluation of macronutrients, micronutrients and availability of heavy metals in the soil and in different parts of the plant. The application of the compost had a positive impact on the general soil fertility, with emphasis on the increase of its organic matter content, content of nutrients such as phosphorus and potassium and for an increase in the cation exchange capacity. The application of the compost did not significantly increase the availability of heavy metals neither in the soil nor in the different parts of the vine (leaves and fruits). Thus, its use is considered as an adequate fertilizer to increase the life cycle of the residues and, simultaneously, to meet the nutritional demands of the vine, in addition to improving the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Vitis vinifera Compostagem Metais pesados Biodisponibilidade Análise de solos e plantas