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Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado uma crescente produção de resíduos e a sua acumulação em aterro. Só no ano de 2019, e de acordo com os dados recolhidos na Pordata (2020), as entidades de gestão de resíduos, administraram cerca de 5 300 000 toneladas de resíduos, das quais somente 1 127 224 toneladas foi recolhida de forma seletiva. O principal foco desencadeador deste acréscimo e consequente desequilíbrio ambiental advém do aumento da atividade humana e da constante procura de recursos naturais para atender às necessidades de consumo. Esta pressão torna necessária a redução do desperdício de materiais e a reutilização dos produtos, aumentando o seu ciclo de vida. O ecossistema natural tem assim mecanismos que lhe permitem gerar recursos a longo prazo e é com base neste sistema que surge a Economia Circular (EC) como um processo de reciclagem, reutilização e reabsorção contínuo (Smol, 2018).
Analisar a adoção de comportamentos sustentáveis é o primeiro passo para a avaliação do desenvolvimento sustentável de um país e, consequentemente, possibilitar a adoção de medidas mais concretas e objetivas. Neste contexto, este relatório final visa avaliar o impacto das ações de sensibilização na consciencialização pública e na adoção de comportamentos sustentáveis e, consequentemente, na promoção de uma EC, considerando o caso concreto dos 13 municípios e da população que integram a Resíduos do Nordeste, EIM, SA (doravante designada por Resíduos do Nordeste), entidade de acolhimento do estágio profissional realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Administração Autárquica, que decorreu entre outubro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020. Espera-se, assim, contribuir não só para o reforço da importância da consciencialização pública para hábitos mais ecológicos e sustentáveis, bem como para o fortalecimento do modelo de EC, aportando um conjunto de indicadores de avaliação da implementação de EC.
A metodologia utilizada segue uma abordagem quantitativa, onde foi utilizada a técnica de inquérito por questionário. Os principais resultados parecem indicar, fruto do constante investimento da Resíduos do Nordeste, um efetivo conhecimento e consciencialização dos municípios participantes nas ações. No entanto, não se perceciona uma concreta alteração de comportamentos. Apesar da Resíduos do Nordeste conseguir transmitir a sua mensagem de sensibilização e consciencialização ambiental, os municípios, parecem não a interiorizar. É imperativa a definição de indicadores que possam avaliar a evolução da implementação de EC.
In the past few years there has been an increasing production of waste and its accumulation in landfills. In 2019, and according to data collected in Pordata (2020), waste management entities managed about 5,300,000 tons of waste, which only 1 127 224 tons were collected selectively. The main triggering focus of this increase and consequent environmental imbalance comes from the increase in human activity and the constant search for natural resources to meet consumption needs. This pressure makes it necessary to reduce material waste and reuse products, increasing their life cycle. The natural ecosystem has mechanisms like this that allow the generation of resources in the long term, and it is based on this system that the Circular Economy (CE) emerges as a process of recycling, reuse, and continuous reabsorption (Smol, 2018). Analyzing the adoption of sustainable behavior is the first step in assessing a country's sustainable development and, consequently, enabling the adoption of more concrete and objective measures. In this context, this final report aims to assess the impact of awareness-raising actions on public awareness and the adoption of sustainable behavior, and, consequently, on the promotion of a CE, considering the concrete case of the 13 municipalities and population that make up Resíduos do Nordeste, EIM, SA (hereinafter referred to as Resíduos do Nordeste), host organization for the professional internship carried out under the Master in Municipal Administration, which took place between October 2019 and February 2020. It is expected, therefore, to contribute not only to the reinforcement of the importance of public awareness for more ecological and sustainable habits, as well as to the strengthening of the CE model, providing a set of indicators for evaluating the CE implementation. The methodology used follows a quantitative approach, where the questionnaire survey technique was used. The main results indicate, because of the constant investment of Resíduos do Nordeste, an effective knowledge and awareness of the municipalities participating in the actions. However, a concrete change in behavior is not perceived. Although Resíduos do Nordeste manages to transmit its message of environmental awareness, the municipalities do not seem to internalize it. It is imperative to define indicators that assess the evolution of CE implementation.
In the past few years there has been an increasing production of waste and its accumulation in landfills. In 2019, and according to data collected in Pordata (2020), waste management entities managed about 5,300,000 tons of waste, which only 1 127 224 tons were collected selectively. The main triggering focus of this increase and consequent environmental imbalance comes from the increase in human activity and the constant search for natural resources to meet consumption needs. This pressure makes it necessary to reduce material waste and reuse products, increasing their life cycle. The natural ecosystem has mechanisms like this that allow the generation of resources in the long term, and it is based on this system that the Circular Economy (CE) emerges as a process of recycling, reuse, and continuous reabsorption (Smol, 2018). Analyzing the adoption of sustainable behavior is the first step in assessing a country's sustainable development and, consequently, enabling the adoption of more concrete and objective measures. In this context, this final report aims to assess the impact of awareness-raising actions on public awareness and the adoption of sustainable behavior, and, consequently, on the promotion of a CE, considering the concrete case of the 13 municipalities and population that make up Resíduos do Nordeste, EIM, SA (hereinafter referred to as Resíduos do Nordeste), host organization for the professional internship carried out under the Master in Municipal Administration, which took place between October 2019 and February 2020. It is expected, therefore, to contribute not only to the reinforcement of the importance of public awareness for more ecological and sustainable habits, as well as to the strengthening of the CE model, providing a set of indicators for evaluating the CE implementation. The methodology used follows a quantitative approach, where the questionnaire survey technique was used. The main results indicate, because of the constant investment of Resíduos do Nordeste, an effective knowledge and awareness of the municipalities participating in the actions. However, a concrete change in behavior is not perceived. Although Resíduos do Nordeste manages to transmit its message of environmental awareness, the municipalities do not seem to internalize it. It is imperative to define indicators that assess the evolution of CE implementation.
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Keywords
Desenvolvimento sustentável Indicadores de economia circular Consciencialização pública Resíduos urbanos Municípios