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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O bombeamento solar de água é baseado em energia fotovoltaica, tecnologia que converte a energia solar em energia elétrica para acionar uma bomba de água acoplada a um motor DC ou AC. A tecnologia é reconhecida como uma solução sustentável e ecológica para fornecer água para a agricultura, uso doméstico ou animal.
Apresenta-se neste trabalho, o dimensionamento, o orçamento e a otimização de três Sistemas Autónomos de Bombeamento Fotovoltaico para três furos de captações de águas subterrâneas, projetados para a zona agrícola de Santa Cruz, Cabo Verde. Os sistemas dimensionados têm como objetivo irrigar um campo agrícola de 2 ha, com plantações de banana, cebola, feijão e milho. O dimensionamento fotovoltaico foi realizado tendo em conta as necessidades hídricas diárias das plantações, 94,75 𝑚3/𝑑𝑖𝑎 de volume de água. Para assegurar a satisfação energética no pior cenário de radiação solar e garantir a satisfação das necessidades, o dimensionamento foi realizado para o mês em que a relação procura/oferta de energia, correspondente à situação em que é necessário maior número de módulos fotovoltaicos. A natureza do sistema dimensionado, torna necessário o armazenamento da água bombeada, visto que o sistema só funcionará de dia, quando há radiação solar. As características dos aquíferos, implicam furos com diferentes características, como o caudal e a profundidade. Assim como o tipo de revestimento, como os furos open hole, furos sem revestimento e furos com revestimento, o que resulta em diferentes orçamentos. A otimização recorrendo ao Algoritmo Genético visa encontrar a melhor solução de acordo com a configuração dos sistemas, tendo em conta o sistema de bombeamento fotovoltaico, as características e os tipos de revestimento dos furos e o número de reservatórios para o armazenamento da água. Os resultados levaram a concluir que dois furos com 100 m de profundidade, com 50 𝑚3/𝑠 de volume e revestimento open hole cada um, ligados a um reservatório, é a melhor solução capaz de satisfazer as necessidades hídricas do campo agrícola, com um orçamento de 24 706,36 €.
The solar-powered water pumping system is based on photovoltaic energy, a technology that converts solar energy into electricity to trigger a water pump coupled to a DC or AC motor. The technology is known as a sustainable and ecological solution to provide water for agriculture, household, or animal use. This study addresses the dimensioning, the budget, and the optimization of three autonomous systems of photovoltaic pumping to three groundwater abstraction boreholes, designed for the agricultural zone of Santa Cruz, Cape Verde. The purpose of the dimensioned systems is to irrigate an agricultural field of 2 ha with banana, onion, bean and corn plantations. The photovoltaic dimensioning was made regarding the he daily water requirements for plantations, 94,75 𝑚3 of water. To ensure the energy satisfaction in the worst solar radiation scenario and assure the satisfaction of the needs, the dimensioning was carried out for the month that the ratio supply/demand of energy related to the situation in which more photovoltaic modules are necessary. The nature of the dimensioned system makes the pumped water storage necessary, since the system only works during the day, when it has solar radiation. The aquifers features involve boreholes with different characteristics, such as flow rate and depth. As well as the type of coating, as the boreholes open hole, the boreholes without coating and the boreholes with coating, that results in different budgets. The optimization with Genetic Algorithm aims to find the best solution according to the systems configuration, regarding the photovoltaic pumping system, the borehole coating characteristics and types and the number of reservoirs for water storage. The results have led to the conclusion that two boreholes with 100 m depth, 50 𝑚3/𝑠 flow rate and open hole coating each one, connected to a reservoir is the best solution able to satisfy the water requirements in the agricultural field, with 24 706,36 € of budget.
The solar-powered water pumping system is based on photovoltaic energy, a technology that converts solar energy into electricity to trigger a water pump coupled to a DC or AC motor. The technology is known as a sustainable and ecological solution to provide water for agriculture, household, or animal use. This study addresses the dimensioning, the budget, and the optimization of three autonomous systems of photovoltaic pumping to three groundwater abstraction boreholes, designed for the agricultural zone of Santa Cruz, Cape Verde. The purpose of the dimensioned systems is to irrigate an agricultural field of 2 ha with banana, onion, bean and corn plantations. The photovoltaic dimensioning was made regarding the he daily water requirements for plantations, 94,75 𝑚3 of water. To ensure the energy satisfaction in the worst solar radiation scenario and assure the satisfaction of the needs, the dimensioning was carried out for the month that the ratio supply/demand of energy related to the situation in which more photovoltaic modules are necessary. The nature of the dimensioned system makes the pumped water storage necessary, since the system only works during the day, when it has solar radiation. The aquifers features involve boreholes with different characteristics, such as flow rate and depth. As well as the type of coating, as the boreholes open hole, the boreholes without coating and the boreholes with coating, that results in different budgets. The optimization with Genetic Algorithm aims to find the best solution according to the systems configuration, regarding the photovoltaic pumping system, the borehole coating characteristics and types and the number of reservoirs for water storage. The results have led to the conclusion that two boreholes with 100 m depth, 50 𝑚3/𝑠 flow rate and open hole coating each one, connected to a reservoir is the best solution able to satisfy the water requirements in the agricultural field, with 24 706,36 € of budget.
Description
Keywords
Sistema de bombeamento fotovoltaico Dimensionamento Otimização Algoritmo genético