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A relação entre a religião e o ambiente os casos da religião católica apostólica romana e da religião hindu
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A partir do momento em que o ser humano adquiriu a capacidade de pensar para além de si mesmo sentiu necessidade de encontrar significado na realidade, daí nasceram as religiões. Como consequência desse facto, durante grande parte da história as religiões foram a grande fonte de conhecimento. A religião, qualquer que seja, constitui-se como uma narrativa que dá sentido à existência da humanidade e, nesse sentido, procura regular o comportamento dos crentes, nomeadamente, no que diz respeito à sua relação com os outros seres e com o ambiente. Todas as religiões existentes na Terra têm uma relação com o ambiente, sendo essa relação mais próxima ou mais afastada dependendo da religião em estudo. Vivemos hoje uma crise ambiental sem precedentes, onde o consumo atinge novos níveis descontrolados todos os anos. Os modelos de desenvolvimento da sociedade apoiados no lucro e no consumo de recursos são impossíveis de manter, sendo por isso necessário a mudança para modelos de desenvolvimento sustentáveis onde existe uma harmonia na relação entre a humanidade e o ambiente. As doutrinas religiosas podem e devem ser parte da discussão sobre os problemas ambientais que assolam o mundo, uma vez que têm uma grande influência na vida dos crentes e até dos não crentes. Desta forma, é importante entender qual o papel das religiões na relação dos seres humanos com o ambiente e como podem utilizar os seus textos sagrados para espalhar uma mensagem ecológica. Tendo esta investigação como problemática a relação das religiões Católica Apostólica Romana e Hindu com o ambiente, procurou-se responder a seguinte questão-problema: “Qual o contributo das religiões Católica Apostólica Romana e Hindu para a compreensão da relação da humanidade com o ambiente?”. Elegeu-se uma metodologia qualitativa, com recurso à utilização de entrevistas, uma a um líder da religião Católica e outra a um líder da religião Hindu e mobilizou-se a técnica de análise documental através da qual foram analisados um texto da religião Católica e dois textos da religião Hindu. Os resultados relevam que as duas religiões têm uma noção de familiaridade na relação da humanidade com o ambiente, no entanto têm uma noção divergente em relação ao estatuto dos seres humanos, para a religião Católica o ser humano está num patamar superior aos outros seres e para a religião Hindu está no mesmo patamar que todos os outros seres. Está também presente, nas duas religiões, a noção de que estamos num momento-chave do combate aos problemas ambientais, onde já não é apenas necessário, mas sim obrigatório adotar formas de vida mais sustentáveis. Para isso, a religião Católica Apostólica Romana e a religião Hindu encontram-se em processos de modificação no que diz respeito ao modo como a sua mensagem ecológica é transmitida, de forma a serem transmitidas mensagens mais ecológicas e sustentáveis. Tudo isto torna esta temática pertinente para a Educação Ambiental e para a mudança de comportamentos e atitudes da humanidade em relação ao ambiente.
From the moment human beings acquired the ability to think beyond themselves, they felt the need to find meaning in reality, from there religions were born. As a result, religions have been the greater source of knowledge for much of history. Religion, whatever it may be, is a narrative that gives meaning to humanity’s existence and, in this sense, seeks to regulate the behaviour of believers, particularly in regard to their relationship with other beings and the environment. All religions on Earth have a relationship with environment, with the religion being closer or distant depending on the religion in study. We are living today through and unprecedented environmental crisis, where consumption is reaching new uncontrolled levels every year. Society’s development models based on profit and consumption of resources are impossible to maintain, therefore it’s necessary to change to sustainable development models where there is harmony in the relationship between humanity and environment. Religious doctrines can and should be a part of the discussion on the environmental problems that plague the world, since they have a great influence on the lives of believers and even non-believers. Therefore, it’s important to understand the role of religion in the relationship between human beings and environment and how they can use their sacred texts to spread an ecological message. With this research looking at the relationship between Roman Catholic and Hindu religions and the environment, we sought to answer the following question: “What is the contribution of Roman Catholic and Hindu religions to understand humanity’s relationship with the environment?”. A qualitative methodology was chosen, using interviews, one with a leader of the Catholic religion and the other with a leader of the Hindu religion, and the documentary analysis technique was used to analyse one text from Catholic religion and two texts from Hindu religion. The results show that the two religions have a notion of familiarity in humanity’s relationship with the environment, but diverge in relation to the status of human beings: for the Catholic religion, human beings are on a higher level than other beings and for Hindu religion, they are on the same level as all other beings. Both religions are also aware that we are at a key moment in the fight against environmental problems, where it’s no longer just necessary, but mandatory to adopt a more sustainable way of life. To this end, Roman Catholic and Hindu religions are in the process of changing the way their ecological message is conveyed, in order to convey more ecological and sustainable messages. All of this make this topic pertinent for Environmental Education and for changing human behaviour and attitudes towards the environment.
From the moment human beings acquired the ability to think beyond themselves, they felt the need to find meaning in reality, from there religions were born. As a result, religions have been the greater source of knowledge for much of history. Religion, whatever it may be, is a narrative that gives meaning to humanity’s existence and, in this sense, seeks to regulate the behaviour of believers, particularly in regard to their relationship with other beings and the environment. All religions on Earth have a relationship with environment, with the religion being closer or distant depending on the religion in study. We are living today through and unprecedented environmental crisis, where consumption is reaching new uncontrolled levels every year. Society’s development models based on profit and consumption of resources are impossible to maintain, therefore it’s necessary to change to sustainable development models where there is harmony in the relationship between humanity and environment. Religious doctrines can and should be a part of the discussion on the environmental problems that plague the world, since they have a great influence on the lives of believers and even non-believers. Therefore, it’s important to understand the role of religion in the relationship between human beings and environment and how they can use their sacred texts to spread an ecological message. With this research looking at the relationship between Roman Catholic and Hindu religions and the environment, we sought to answer the following question: “What is the contribution of Roman Catholic and Hindu religions to understand humanity’s relationship with the environment?”. A qualitative methodology was chosen, using interviews, one with a leader of the Catholic religion and the other with a leader of the Hindu religion, and the documentary analysis technique was used to analyse one text from Catholic religion and two texts from Hindu religion. The results show that the two religions have a notion of familiarity in humanity’s relationship with the environment, but diverge in relation to the status of human beings: for the Catholic religion, human beings are on a higher level than other beings and for Hindu religion, they are on the same level as all other beings. Both religions are also aware that we are at a key moment in the fight against environmental problems, where it’s no longer just necessary, but mandatory to adopt a more sustainable way of life. To this end, Roman Catholic and Hindu religions are in the process of changing the way their ecological message is conveyed, in order to convey more ecological and sustainable messages. All of this make this topic pertinent for Environmental Education and for changing human behaviour and attitudes towards the environment.
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Religião Ambiente Religião Católica Apostólica Romana Religião Hindu Mensagens Religiosas ecológicas Educação ambiental