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Abstract(s)
A silvopastorícia é uma prática ancestral de uso do território que combina produção
animal extensiva com produção florestal. Este modelo de uso do território proporciona
benefícios económicos e ambientais de elevado valor, nos quais se incluem a conservação
da biodiversidade, sequestro de carbono e redução do risco de incêndio.
No entanto, ao longo dos anos, a silvopastorícia tem perdido importância e adeptos,
ameaçando tanto sua continuidade quanto os serviços que oferece. Este estudo tem como
objetivo compreender a perceção das pessoas envolvidas no setor agrícola de Trás-os-
Montes em relação à prática silvopastoril, visando identificar e enfrentar as dificuldades
que encontram na implementação de sistemas silvopastoris e incentivar a sua adoção.
Neste trabalho realizaram-se 60 inquéritos anónimos relativos ao conhecimento da
atividade silvopastoril, a agentes do setor em vários concelhos da região de Trás-os-
Montes. O inquérito foi desenhado pela equipa coordenadora do projeto SILFORE e
aplicado às 4 regiões que integram o projeto (País Basco, Astúrias, Galiza e Trás-os-
Montes). No nosso caso os 60 inquéritos foram aplicados a 4 grupos-alvo,
Produtores/Técnicos Produção Animal, Produtores/Técnicos produção florestal,
Conservação da Natureza e Outros, inclui pessoas diversificadas da sociedade civil
Os resultados mostraram que os inquiridos destacam o interesse da silvopastorícia na
prevenção de incêndios, na conservação da biodiversidade e na promoção de uma gestão
sustentável dos recursos naturais. A sua aplicação em áreas de floresta adulta e zonas de
elevada biomassa é amplamente reconhecida pelos inquiridos, que consideram estas áreas
como as mais adequadas para a sua implementação. Por outro lado, fatores como a falta
de apoio técnico, a pouca rentabilidade económica e o desconhecimento de projetos de
investigação na área têm contribuído para o seu reduzido uso. Outro aspeto relevante que
emerge desta investigação é a valorização das raças autóctones, que estão intimamente
ligadas à prática da silvopastorícia e que, com o declínio desta prática, enfrentam
igualmente desafios de preservação. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam, ainda a
necessidade de uma transformação no modelo de gestão dos territórios rurais, no que
respeita a criação de meios de apoio aos produtores que pratiquem a silvopastorícia. O
futuro da silvopastorícia em Trás-os-Montes, dependerá não só da sua capacidade de
adaptação aos desafios modernos, sobretudo por parte dos produtores, mas também do
reconhecimento do seu papel dos serviços, pela sociedade e, da vontade política para
desenvolver e valorizar esta atividade.
Silvopastoralism is an ancestral land-use practice that combines extensive animal production with forestry. This land-use model provides high-value economic and environmental benefits, including biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and wildfire risk reduction. However, over the years, silvopastoralism has lost importance and practitioners, threatening both its continuity and the ecosystem services it provides. This study aims to understand the perceptions of individuals involved in the agricultural sector of Trás-os- Montes regarding silvopastoral practices, identifying and addressing the challenges they face in implementing silvopastoral systems and promoting their adoption. In this study, 60 anonymous surveys were conducted to assess the knowledge of silvopastoral activities among stakeholders from various municipalities in the Trás-os- Montes region. The survey was designed by the coordinating team of the SILFORE project and applied across the four regions involved in the project (Basque Country, Asturias, Galicia, and Trás-os-Montes). In our case, the 60 surveys targeted four key groups: Producers/Animal Production Technicians, Producers/Forestry Technicians, Nature Conservation professionals, and others, including diverse members of civil society. The results showed that respondents emphasized the relevance of silvopastoralism in wildfire prevention, biodiversity conservation, and the promotion of sustainable natural resource management. Its application in mature forest areas and regions with high biomass is widely recognized by respondents, who consider these areas the most suitable for its implementation. On the other hand, factors such as the lack of technical support, low economic profitability, and limited awareness of research projects in the field have contributed to its reduced use. Another significant aspect that emerged from this research is the valorization of autochthonous breeds, which are closely tied to silvopastoral practices and face preservation challenges as these practices decline. The findings of this study also highlight the need for a transformation in rural territory management models, particularly through the creation of support mechanisms for producers practicing silvopastoralism. The future of silvopastoralism in Trás-os-Montes will depend not only on its ability to adapt to modern challenges, particularly by producers, but also on societal recognition of its ecosystem services and the political will to develop and enhance this activity.
Silvopastoralism is an ancestral land-use practice that combines extensive animal production with forestry. This land-use model provides high-value economic and environmental benefits, including biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and wildfire risk reduction. However, over the years, silvopastoralism has lost importance and practitioners, threatening both its continuity and the ecosystem services it provides. This study aims to understand the perceptions of individuals involved in the agricultural sector of Trás-os- Montes regarding silvopastoral practices, identifying and addressing the challenges they face in implementing silvopastoral systems and promoting their adoption. In this study, 60 anonymous surveys were conducted to assess the knowledge of silvopastoral activities among stakeholders from various municipalities in the Trás-os- Montes region. The survey was designed by the coordinating team of the SILFORE project and applied across the four regions involved in the project (Basque Country, Asturias, Galicia, and Trás-os-Montes). In our case, the 60 surveys targeted four key groups: Producers/Animal Production Technicians, Producers/Forestry Technicians, Nature Conservation professionals, and others, including diverse members of civil society. The results showed that respondents emphasized the relevance of silvopastoralism in wildfire prevention, biodiversity conservation, and the promotion of sustainable natural resource management. Its application in mature forest areas and regions with high biomass is widely recognized by respondents, who consider these areas the most suitable for its implementation. On the other hand, factors such as the lack of technical support, low economic profitability, and limited awareness of research projects in the field have contributed to its reduced use. Another significant aspect that emerged from this research is the valorization of autochthonous breeds, which are closely tied to silvopastoral practices and face preservation challenges as these practices decline. The findings of this study also highlight the need for a transformation in rural territory management models, particularly through the creation of support mechanisms for producers practicing silvopastoralism. The future of silvopastoralism in Trás-os-Montes will depend not only on its ability to adapt to modern challenges, particularly by producers, but also on societal recognition of its ecosystem services and the political will to develop and enhance this activity.
Description
Keywords
Silvopastorícia Desenvolvimento rural Floresta Política Agrícola Comum (PAC) Raças autóctones Sustentabilidade Biodiversidade Trás-os-Montes