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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo envolve o fabrico de biocarvão (carvão biológico) e pellets,
ambos os produtos são derivados de biomassa vegetal e transformados em
fontes de energia. O biocarvão foi produzido a partir de espécies invasoras do
género Acacia e os pellets a partir de subprodutos do género Pinus. Estes
produtos têm aplicação diversa, desde fornos industriais até ao aquecimento de
estufas e residências.
Os pellets são biocombustíveis granulados, produzidos a partir da matéria-prima
triturada e compactada sob alta pressão. O carvão biológico, por seu lado, é uma
fonte de energia 100% natural e ecológica, produzido através da pirólise lenta do
material orgânico. Este procedimento transforma a madeira e outros resíduos
florestais em carvão em um ambiente controlado com a ausência de oxigénio,
removendo os gases tóxicos e outros elementos prejudiciais para obter um
produto final mais ecológico e com melhor qualidade. Além do carvão biológico
ser insento de toxinas, também não exala cheiro nem fumo, proporcionando uma
melhor experiência ao utilizador.
O Estágio decorreu na empresa Aleatory Concept, também conhecida
comercialmente por Koolnature, com sede no distrito de Coimbra. É uma
empresa portuguesa que engloba duas fábricas, uma de produção de pellets
com 100% de aproveitamento de resíduos de madeira natural e outra de
produção de biocarvão exclusivamente a partir de espécies de acácias (Acacia
dealbata e Acacia melanoxylon). Sendo as acácias espécies invasoras em
Portugal, este aproveitamento tem contribuído para o seu controlo e preservação
dos ecossistemas nativos.
Durante o estágio, tive a oportunidade de trabalhar e aprender todos os
processos de fabrico do carvão biológico e dos pellets, operando em diversas
funções dentro das fábricas de biocarvão e de pellets, ganhando experiência
prática na área. Ainda tive a oportunidade de participar num projeto inovador
designado de koolbiochar, a partir do qual foi produzido um novo produto, um
fertilizante granulado, através da mistura de biochar produzido na fábrica de
carvão e composto orgânico de estrume de aves, com a finalidade de aplicação no solo de culturas hortícolas e florestais. Este trabalho destaca a importância
de inovação e da sustentabilidade na produção de biocombustíveis.
This study involves the manufacture of biological charcoal and pellets, both products derived from biomass and transformed into energy sources. Pellets are granulated biofuels, produced from raw material crushed and compacted under high pressure. By-products from timber industries, such as bark, tree pruning and sawdust, are used for its manufacture. These range from industrial ovens to heating greenhouses and homes. Biological charcoal, on the other hand, is a 100% natural and ecological energy souce, produced through the slow pyrolysis of organic material. This procedure transforms wood and other forest residues into charcoal in controlled environment with the absence of oxygen, removing toxic gases and other harmful elements to obtain a more ecological and better-quality final product. In addition to biological charcoal being toxin-free, it also does not exude smell of smoke, providing a better experience when using it. The company Aleatory Concept, which is also know commercially as koolnature, is a Portuguese company that has two factories, one produces pellets using 100% use of natural wood waste and the other factory produces biochar exclusively from acacia (acacia dealbata and melanoxylon), an invasive species in Portugal that needs to be controlled to preserve native ecosystems. During the study carried out at the company Aleatory Concept, I had the opportunity to work and learn about all the processes in the manufacture of biological charcoal and pellets, operating in different real roles within the factories and gaining practical experience in the area. I also had the opportunity to participate in an innovative project called koolbiochar where a new product was produced in pellet format, through the mixture of biochar produced in the charcoal factory and organic compost from poultry manure, with the purpose of applying it to the soil of vegetable crops and forestry. This work highlights the importance of innovation and sustainability in the production of biofuels.
This study involves the manufacture of biological charcoal and pellets, both products derived from biomass and transformed into energy sources. Pellets are granulated biofuels, produced from raw material crushed and compacted under high pressure. By-products from timber industries, such as bark, tree pruning and sawdust, are used for its manufacture. These range from industrial ovens to heating greenhouses and homes. Biological charcoal, on the other hand, is a 100% natural and ecological energy souce, produced through the slow pyrolysis of organic material. This procedure transforms wood and other forest residues into charcoal in controlled environment with the absence of oxygen, removing toxic gases and other harmful elements to obtain a more ecological and better-quality final product. In addition to biological charcoal being toxin-free, it also does not exude smell of smoke, providing a better experience when using it. The company Aleatory Concept, which is also know commercially as koolnature, is a Portuguese company that has two factories, one produces pellets using 100% use of natural wood waste and the other factory produces biochar exclusively from acacia (acacia dealbata and melanoxylon), an invasive species in Portugal that needs to be controlled to preserve native ecosystems. During the study carried out at the company Aleatory Concept, I had the opportunity to work and learn about all the processes in the manufacture of biological charcoal and pellets, operating in different real roles within the factories and gaining practical experience in the area. I also had the opportunity to participate in an innovative project called koolbiochar where a new product was produced in pellet format, through the mixture of biochar produced in the charcoal factory and organic compost from poultry manure, with the purpose of applying it to the soil of vegetable crops and forestry. This work highlights the importance of innovation and sustainability in the production of biofuels.
Description
Keywords
Biocarvão Pellets Koolbiochar