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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Los viñedos de la Región del Douro, con 460 km2, contribuyen de manera decisiva
a la economía de la región, así como a la de Portugal. La región del Douro fue
reconocida en 2001 por la UNESCO como Patrimonio de la Humanidad, haciendo
que la conservación y sostenibilidad de los recursos, como el agua y suelo, sean
de extrema importancia. La topografía de esta Región la hace especialmente
vulnerable a la erosión, lo que ha llevado a la implantación de estructuras de
conservación, las terrazas, cuya construcción altera la estructura interna del suelo
y la circulación de agua, tanto dentro como fuera del perfil. El objetivo de este
estudio fue evaluar el contenido de agua en un viñedo en terrazas mediante el uso
de la Tomografía Eléctrica Resistiva (TER). La TER ha sido ampliamente utilizada para
evaluar el contenido de humedad del suelo, incorporando en este caso la variable
topográfica al modelo para obtener un mapa más real. El estudio se desarrolló
en los viñedos en terraza en Peso da Régua, (Portugal). Se realizaron 8 transectas
de TER en las zonas cóncava y convexa de la ladera con terrazas, 4 paralelas (2 de
ellos con una separación entre electrodos de 0,5 m y 2 de ellos con separación de
0,2 m) y 4 perpendiculares a la pendiente (0,5 m de separación entre electrodos).
Se tomaron muestras de suelo para determinar el contenido de agua del suelo a
4 profundidades en el caso de los patamares (terraplenes) superior, intermedio e
inferior (0,0 - 0,05 m; 0,05 - 0,10 m; 0,10 - 0,20 m; >0,20 m) y a dos profundidades
para el caso de los taludes superior e inferior (0,0 - 0,05 m y 0,05 - 0,10 m). La zona
convexa presentó en todas las profundidades estudiadas un mayor contenido de
humedad (>2%-5%) que las mismas áreas en la zona cóncava. Los perfiles de TER
obtenidos están en consonancia con los valores del contenido de agua del suelo
obtenidos mediante el muestreo al comparar las dos subáreas (convexa y cóncava),
tanto en la capa superficial como en profundidad; poniendo de manifiesto que
incorporando la topografía como variable al cálculo de los perfiles de Resistividad
Eléctrica, se obtienen perfiles que describen apropiadamente la distribución del
agua del suelo en viñedos cultivados en terrazas.
The vineyards of the Douro Region, with its 460 km2, contribute in a decisive way to the economy of the region, as well as that of Portugal. The Douro Valley was granted UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2001, making conservation and sustainability of resources like water and soil, of extreme importance. The topography of this region makes it especially vulnerable to erosion, which has led to the implementation of conservation structures called terraces, which alter the internal structure of the soil and water circulation, both within the soil profile as out of it. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil moisture in a terraced vineyard by using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method. The ERT method has been widely used to evaluate soil moisture, but in this case topography as a variable was included into the model to obtain a more effective map. The study was carried out in the terraced vineyards located in Peso da Régua, in Portugal. ERT measurements were carried out along eight transects in the concave and convex shape areas of the terraced hillside. Four transects were parallel to the main slope direction (two of them with an electrode distancing of 0.5 m and the other two with a 0.2 m distancing). The other four transects were perpendicular to the main slope direction with a 0.5 m electrode spacing. Soil samples to determine soil moisture were taken at 4 depths in the upper, intermediate and lower levels (0.0-0.05 m; 0.05-0.10 m; 0.10-0.20 m; > 0.20 m) and two depths in the upper and lower terrace risers (0.0-0.05 m and 0.05-0.10 m). In all the studied depths, the convex shaped area resulted in higher moisture contents (>2%-5%) than those in the concave shaped ones. When comparing the two subareas, the ERT profiles are in line with the soil moisture values obtained by sampling, both in the surface and in depth. Profiles appropriately describing the distribution of soil water in terraced vineyards are obtained, highlighting the importance of using topography as a variable for the calculation of electrical resistivity profiles.
The vineyards of the Douro Region, with its 460 km2, contribute in a decisive way to the economy of the region, as well as that of Portugal. The Douro Valley was granted UNESCO World Heritage Site status in 2001, making conservation and sustainability of resources like water and soil, of extreme importance. The topography of this region makes it especially vulnerable to erosion, which has led to the implementation of conservation structures called terraces, which alter the internal structure of the soil and water circulation, both within the soil profile as out of it. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil moisture in a terraced vineyard by using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method. The ERT method has been widely used to evaluate soil moisture, but in this case topography as a variable was included into the model to obtain a more effective map. The study was carried out in the terraced vineyards located in Peso da Régua, in Portugal. ERT measurements were carried out along eight transects in the concave and convex shape areas of the terraced hillside. Four transects were parallel to the main slope direction (two of them with an electrode distancing of 0.5 m and the other two with a 0.2 m distancing). The other four transects were perpendicular to the main slope direction with a 0.5 m electrode spacing. Soil samples to determine soil moisture were taken at 4 depths in the upper, intermediate and lower levels (0.0-0.05 m; 0.05-0.10 m; 0.10-0.20 m; > 0.20 m) and two depths in the upper and lower terrace risers (0.0-0.05 m and 0.05-0.10 m). In all the studied depths, the convex shaped area resulted in higher moisture contents (>2%-5%) than those in the concave shaped ones. When comparing the two subareas, the ERT profiles are in line with the soil moisture values obtained by sampling, both in the surface and in depth. Profiles appropriately describing the distribution of soil water in terraced vineyards are obtained, highlighting the importance of using topography as a variable for the calculation of electrical resistivity profiles.
Description
Keywords
Viñedos en pendiente Terrazas Humedad del suelo Tomografía Eléctrica Resistiva
Citation
García-Tomillo, Aitor; Figueiredo, Tomás de; Dafonte, Jorge; Bandeira, Douglas Henrique; Royer, Ana Carolina; Fonseca, Felícia; Paz González, Antonio (2019). Perfiles de resistividad eléctrica del suelo en terrazas de viñedo. Revista Científica Agropecuaria. ISSN 0329-3602. 23:1 p. 104-115
Publisher
Publicación de la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias de la Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos