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Abstract(s)
Este estudo incide sobre a aprendizagem de determinados saberes mediados por
materiais manipuláveis no Ensino Básico. O mais importante no ensino-aprendizagem de
todas as áreas do saber é a atividade mental a desenvolver nos e pelos alunos. A utilização
dos materiais, através de modelos concretos, permite aos alunos construir, modificar,
integrar, interagir com o mundo físico e com os seus pares, a aprender fazendo,
desmistificando a conotação negativa que se atribui aos conteúdos lecionados.
Pretende-se compreender a relação entre a construção desses conhecimentos e a
utilização de materiais, como recurso no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Para tal
procura-se dar resposta aos seguintes objetivos: aplicar estratégias de ensinoaprendizagem
que privilegiem a manipulação de materiais e objetos; promover a
autonomia nos alunos através do reconhecimento da utilidade de alguns
objetos/instrumentos na compreensão do meio físico circundante; aferir acerca da
influência da adoção de metodologias que privilegiem a utilização de materiais e objetos
na aprendizagem dos alunos; conhecer a opinião dos professores cooperantes acerca a
utilização de materiais e objetos em contexto educativo.
Considera-se como objeto de análise a participação ao longo do ano letivo de
crianças com seis e doze anos integradas em três turmas do Ensino Básico, nomeadamente
no 1.º CEB e 2.º CEB que realizaram várias atividades, utilizando diversos materiais
manipuláveis. Esta investigação assume-se como uma metodologia do tipo qualitativo em
que se procedeu à observação através do registo de sessões fotografadas, bem como as
notas de campo, grelhas de observação e de um questionário presencial aos professores
cooperantes. Tem sido apontado pela literatura que os materiais na prática letiva são
facilitadores duma aprendizagem significativa, quando se aliam ao sentido lúdico, visto
que o aluno pode desenvolver-se e interagir com o meio de forma a desenvolver
capacidades intelectuais, afetivas e sociais.
O uso de materiais manipuláveis, estimulam a criatividade e a construção de novos
conhecimentos despertando o desenvolvimento de habilidades operatórias, ajudando-a a
construir conexões e a desenvolver o seu conhecimento proporcionando situações mais
próximas da realidade, permitindo uma melhor compreensão na resolução de problemas
do seu quotidiano.
This study focuses on the learning of certain knowledge guided by manipulable materials in Basic Education. The most important in teaching and learning in all areas of knowledge is the mental activity to be developed in and by the students. The use of materials through tactile models allows the child to build, modify, integrate, interact with the physical world and with their peers, learning by doing, demystifying the negative connotation attributed to the taught content. It is intended to understand the relationship between the construction of this knowledge and the use of materials as a resource in the teaching-learning process. To this end, we seek to: Apply teaching-learning strategies that favor the manipulation of materials and objects; promote autonomy in children by recognizing the usefulness of some objects / instruments in understanding the surrounding environment; assess the influence of the adoption of methodologies that privilege the use of materials and objects in children's learning; know the opinion of cooperating teachers about the use of materials and objects in educational context. It is considered as object of analysis the participation throughout the school year of children, aged between six and twelve years old, integrated in three classes of the Basic Education, namely in the 1st and 2nd CEB that carried out several activities, using diverse manipulable materials. This research assumes as a qualitative methodology that was observed through the recording of photographed sessions, as well as field notes, observation grids and a face-to-face questionnaire to the cooperating teachers. It has been pointed out in literature that materials in teaching practice second meaningful learning, when combined with the playful sense, as the child can develop and interact with the environment in order to develop intellectual, affective and social skills. The use of manipulable materials stimulates creativity and the construction of new knowledge, awakening the development of operative skills, helping to build connections and developing their knowledge, providing situations closer to reality, allowing a better understanding in solving everyday problems.
This study focuses on the learning of certain knowledge guided by manipulable materials in Basic Education. The most important in teaching and learning in all areas of knowledge is the mental activity to be developed in and by the students. The use of materials through tactile models allows the child to build, modify, integrate, interact with the physical world and with their peers, learning by doing, demystifying the negative connotation attributed to the taught content. It is intended to understand the relationship between the construction of this knowledge and the use of materials as a resource in the teaching-learning process. To this end, we seek to: Apply teaching-learning strategies that favor the manipulation of materials and objects; promote autonomy in children by recognizing the usefulness of some objects / instruments in understanding the surrounding environment; assess the influence of the adoption of methodologies that privilege the use of materials and objects in children's learning; know the opinion of cooperating teachers about the use of materials and objects in educational context. It is considered as object of analysis the participation throughout the school year of children, aged between six and twelve years old, integrated in three classes of the Basic Education, namely in the 1st and 2nd CEB that carried out several activities, using diverse manipulable materials. This research assumes as a qualitative methodology that was observed through the recording of photographed sessions, as well as field notes, observation grids and a face-to-face questionnaire to the cooperating teachers. It has been pointed out in literature that materials in teaching practice second meaningful learning, when combined with the playful sense, as the child can develop and interact with the environment in order to develop intellectual, affective and social skills. The use of manipulable materials stimulates creativity and the construction of new knowledge, awakening the development of operative skills, helping to build connections and developing their knowledge, providing situations closer to reality, allowing a better understanding in solving everyday problems.
Description
Keywords
Materiais manipuláveis Construtivismo Aprendizagem ativa