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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A pastorícia extensiva aproveita recursos escassos, contribui para a segurança
alimentar, conserva biodiversidade e previne incêndios, mas enfrenta desafios como
êxodo rural e pressão econômica. Por isso, é fundamental promover a valorização dessa
prática, apoiar políticas públicas que incentivem o uso sustentável das pastagens e
implementar tecnologias de precisão que aumentem a eficiência e a rentabilidade da
atividade. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo é analisar os percursos de um rebanho
caprino na Serra de Montemuro, considerando fatores temporais, sazonais e físicos do
terreno para identificar padrões de movimento e suas influências nas rotas escolhidas. A
recolha de dados foi realizada com dispositivos GNSS em cerca de 300 caprinos em 2023,
e as informações foram processadas no software QGIS, focando em variáveis como
altitude e Índice de Umidade Topográfica (TWI). A Análise de Componentes Principais
(PCA) permitiu correlacionar essas variáveis, revelando como o ambiente montanhoso
influencia as rotas escolhidas pelo rebanho. A Análise de Componentes Principais (PCA)
revelou padrões significativos que influenciam os percursos do rebanho de caprinos na
Serra de Montemuro, simplificando a complexidade dos dados e agrupando variáveis-
chave. A análise identificou três componentes principais (PC1, PC2 e PC3), destacando
a influência de variáveis sazonais e temporais nos deslocamentos dos animais. Os
resultados indicaram que, na primavera, com melhores condições climáticas e maior
disponibilidade de pasto, o rebanho percorre distâncias maiores, enquanto no inverno, a
movimentação é restrita a áreas mais próximas devido ao clima rigoroso. A altitude e a
umidade também se mostraram determinantes, com o rebanho buscando pastagens de
maior qualidade. Os padrões diários de deslocamento do rebanho, influenciados pela
temperatura e disponibilidade de alimento, demonstram uma rotina previsível, crucial
para a gestão sustentável. O estudo destaca como variáveis sazonais e a experiência do
pastor moldam os percursos de caprinos, enquanto dados GPS registram padrões, validam
saberes tradicionais e promovem manejo sustentável.
Extensive pastoralism utilizes scarce resources, contributes to food security, conserves biodiversity, and prevents wildfires, yet faces challenges such as rural exodus and economic pressures. Therefore, it is crucial to promote the value of this practice, support public policies that encourage the sustainable use of pastures, and implement precision technologies to enhance the efficiency and profitability of this activity. Thus, the aim of the present study is to analyze the movement patterns of a goat herd in the Serra de Montemuro, considering temporal, seasonal, and physical terrain factors to identify movement trends and their influence on route choices. Data collection was conducted using GNSS devices on approximately 300 goats in 2023, and the information was processed in QGIS software, focusing on variables such as altitude and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) correlated these variables, revealing how the mountainous environment influences the routes chosen by the herd. PCA identified significant patterns affecting the goat herd’s movement in the Serra de Montemuro, simplifying data complexity and grouping key variables. The analysis highlighted three principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3), emphasizing the influence of seasonal and temporal variables on the animals’ movements. Results indicated that, in spring, with better climatic conditions and greater pasture availability, the herd covers longer distances, while in winter, movements are confined to nearby areas due to harsh weather conditions. Altitude and moisture also proved critical, with the herd seeking higher-quality pastures. The herd’s daily movement patterns, influenced by temperature and food availability, demonstrate a predictable routine, essential for sustainable management. The study highlights how seasonal variables and the shepherd’s expertise shape goat herd routes, while GPS data records patterns, validates traditional knowledge, and promotes sustainable management.
Extensive pastoralism utilizes scarce resources, contributes to food security, conserves biodiversity, and prevents wildfires, yet faces challenges such as rural exodus and economic pressures. Therefore, it is crucial to promote the value of this practice, support public policies that encourage the sustainable use of pastures, and implement precision technologies to enhance the efficiency and profitability of this activity. Thus, the aim of the present study is to analyze the movement patterns of a goat herd in the Serra de Montemuro, considering temporal, seasonal, and physical terrain factors to identify movement trends and their influence on route choices. Data collection was conducted using GNSS devices on approximately 300 goats in 2023, and the information was processed in QGIS software, focusing on variables such as altitude and Topographic Wetness Index (TWI). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) correlated these variables, revealing how the mountainous environment influences the routes chosen by the herd. PCA identified significant patterns affecting the goat herd’s movement in the Serra de Montemuro, simplifying data complexity and grouping key variables. The analysis highlighted three principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3), emphasizing the influence of seasonal and temporal variables on the animals’ movements. Results indicated that, in spring, with better climatic conditions and greater pasture availability, the herd covers longer distances, while in winter, movements are confined to nearby areas due to harsh weather conditions. Altitude and moisture also proved critical, with the herd seeking higher-quality pastures. The herd’s daily movement patterns, influenced by temperature and food availability, demonstrate a predictable routine, essential for sustainable management. The study highlights how seasonal variables and the shepherd’s expertise shape goat herd routes, while GPS data records patterns, validates traditional knowledge, and promotes sustainable management.
Description
Mestrado de dupla diplomação com a UTFPR, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná
Keywords
Percursos de caprinos Serra de Montemuro Pastoreio extensivo