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Abstract(s)
A diabetes é uma doença metabólica que afeta um grande número de pessoas a nível
mundial. Apresenta causas diversas sendo caraterizada pelo aumento anormal de açúcar no
sangue e transtornos no metabolismo devido a problemas na produção ou na ação da insulina.
Com o decorrer do tempo, esta patologia pode provocar a disfunção e insuficiência de vários
órgãos. A Hipertensão Arterial, frequente nos portadores de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2,
representa um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública devido à sua cronicidade e morbilidade
elevadas, implicando um elevado investimento em cuidados de saúde constantes. A educação
para uma literacia em saúde e dieta saudável, aliada a atividade física regular e controlo do peso
corporal, podem prevenir a Diabetes Tipo 2 e/ou a Hipertensão Arterial e/ou retardar o seu
aparecimento.
Objetivos: conhecer o risco de desenvolver Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 num espaço temporal de
10 anos nos estudantes do ensino superior; identificar prováveis situações de Hipertensão
Arterial; Compreender e analisar a distribuição dos valores de Tensão Arterial e do Risco de
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 segundo variáveis de caraterização; consciencializar a população para
a adoção de estilos de vida saudáveis.
Metodologia: Estudo Quantitativo Descritivo-Analítico, num plano transversal. De um universo
de 6291 estudantes inscritos na instituição, foi selecionada uma amostra proporcional de 363
indivíduos, tendo em consideração a representatividade de cada escola.
Resultados: após o cálculo de risco de desenvolvimento de diabetes, verificou-se que 87,9%
apresenta baixo risco de DM2 e 12,1% apresenta risco de desenvolver a patologia num espaço
temporal de 10 anos. Relativamente aos valores tensionais realça-se que 26,6% dos estudantes
apresentam valores compatíveis com HTA. Aquando da análise verificou-se que existe
associação estatística significativa entre a DM2 e as variáveis “grupo etário”, “Açúcar no
sangue”, “Diabetes na Família”, “IMC”; “Perímetro da Cintura abdominal” e “Tensão Arterial”.
Relativamente aos valores Tensionais, observou-se associação estatística significativa com as
variáveis “Sexo”, IMC” e “Perímetro da Cintura abdominal”.
Conclusão: É fundamental intervir preventivamente no sentido de promover a modificação dos
hábitos diários dos indivíduos, consciencializando a população sobre a importância da adoção
de uma prática de hábitos de vida saudáveis, nomeadamente a alimentação e a prática de exercício físico, por forma a diminuir a incidência e prevalência da Diabetes Mellitus e das
doenças cardiovasculares.
Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects a large number of people worldwide. It presets diverse causes, being characterized by the abnormal rising of blood sugar levels and metabolic disorders of glucids, proteins and carbs, due to troubles producing or activating insulin. With time, this pathology may lead to general organic disfunction. Hypertension, frequently found in diabetic patients, is one of the public health major problems due to is high levels of mortality and chronicity, involving expensive investments in health care. Education for a healthy diet and regular practice of exercise and weight control may prevent, or delay, Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension. Objectives: Knowing the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes, during a time window of 10 years in students; Identify possible conditions of High Blood Tension; Understand and analyze the value distribution of Diabetes and Hypertension; Awareness the population for essential need of adopting healthy life styles. Methodology: Quantitative Describe and Analytical study, through a transversal plan. From an universe of 6291 students from Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 363 were selected taking in account the representation of each school. Results: After calculating the risk of developing diabetes, it was measured 87,9% of students with low risk of DM2 and 12,1% with high risk. In relation to blood pressure, it was found that 26,6% of the students reveal compatible values for hypertension. From the inferential analysis, using chi-square test and the Fisher exact test, we established a statistic positive relation between the risk factores “age-group”, “blood sugar”, “Family history of diabetes”, “IMC”, “Waist circumference” and “Blood pressure”. Positive association was also found between High Blood Pressure and “Gender-group”, “IMC” and “Waist circumference”. Conclusion: It’s essential to interfere inside the population in order to promote the modification of individuals’ bad habits through preventive and educational actions, opening minds about the importance of good life style choices, healthy eating and exercise, so they can prevent diseases as Diabetes and Hypertension.
Diabetes is a metabolic disease which affects a large number of people worldwide. It presets diverse causes, being characterized by the abnormal rising of blood sugar levels and metabolic disorders of glucids, proteins and carbs, due to troubles producing or activating insulin. With time, this pathology may lead to general organic disfunction. Hypertension, frequently found in diabetic patients, is one of the public health major problems due to is high levels of mortality and chronicity, involving expensive investments in health care. Education for a healthy diet and regular practice of exercise and weight control may prevent, or delay, Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension. Objectives: Knowing the risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes, during a time window of 10 years in students; Identify possible conditions of High Blood Tension; Understand and analyze the value distribution of Diabetes and Hypertension; Awareness the population for essential need of adopting healthy life styles. Methodology: Quantitative Describe and Analytical study, through a transversal plan. From an universe of 6291 students from Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 363 were selected taking in account the representation of each school. Results: After calculating the risk of developing diabetes, it was measured 87,9% of students with low risk of DM2 and 12,1% with high risk. In relation to blood pressure, it was found that 26,6% of the students reveal compatible values for hypertension. From the inferential analysis, using chi-square test and the Fisher exact test, we established a statistic positive relation between the risk factores “age-group”, “blood sugar”, “Family history of diabetes”, “IMC”, “Waist circumference” and “Blood pressure”. Positive association was also found between High Blood Pressure and “Gender-group”, “IMC” and “Waist circumference”. Conclusion: It’s essential to interfere inside the population in order to promote the modification of individuals’ bad habits through preventive and educational actions, opening minds about the importance of good life style choices, healthy eating and exercise, so they can prevent diseases as Diabetes and Hypertension.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 Hipertensão arterial Fatores de risco Estilos de vida saudável